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Biomedical subjects

B Descos

Publications and source records attributed to B Descos.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Hereditary pancreatitis. Two new kindreds ].

An acute pancreatitis was observed in 2 children belonging to two unrelated families in which a total of 8 kindreds also had pancreatitis. Evolution was so severe that it demanded parenteral feeding and partial pancreatectomy with Wirsung-intestinal shunting. The authors stress: the rarity of this condition (which has a dominant autosomal transmission), the lack of specificity, the severity in which pseudocysts predominate, the further occurrence of both diabetes and external pancreatic deficiency and finally, the risk of pancreatic carcinoma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pigment gallstones of the common bile duct in infancy.

Ten infants of less than 6 months of age presented with cholestatic jaundice and gallstones. Jaundice occurred after a lag period, and sepsis was present in three children. Ultrasound examination showed dilatation of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts in eight patients and detected cholelithiasis in three. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and/or surgery allowed separation of the patients into two groups: (i) six children with lithiasis in the distal common bile duct, and (ii) four children with lithiasis associated with bile duct perforation at the junction between the cystic and common bile ducts with gallstones probably secondary to bile stasis and infection. Surgical treatment was confined to removal of calculi and drainage in eight children; biliary reconstructive surgery was necessary in the other two who had serious biliary duct lesions. No recurrence was observed after 1 to 7 years. The pigmentary nature of cholelithiasis was established by stone morphology in all cases, and by bile and stone analysis in several cases.

Bile↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-HBc screening for the prevention of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in France.

As anti-HBc screening has been proposed for blood donor testing, we investigated its effectiveness during pregnancy. Among 4,023 successive pregnant women screened for anti-HBc, 539 (13.4%) were positive and further tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs. HBsAg was found in 73 (1.81%) and anti-HBc only was positive in 66 (1.64%). Among the 73 women positive for HBsAg, HBV DNA was found in the serum of seven, the cord blood of two, the placenta of three. Of the 58 infants given HBV immunoglobulins and vaccine, only four had transient HBsAg. None of the 66 women positive for anti-HBc only had anti-HBc IgM, HBeAg, or HBV DNA in serum, cord blood or placenta but five women became HBsAg positive before, at, or after delivery. Among the infants born of these 66 mothers, three had high ALT, two had HBsAg and one HBV DNA without HBsAg. Screening for anti-HBc may be cost effective, at least in low HBV prevalence areas, since there is evidence for infectivity of pregnant women positive for anti-HBc only.

Carrier State↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Familial extrahepatic biliary atresia.

Only a small number of cases with familial extrahepatic biliary atresia, suggesting a recessive autosomal inheritance, have been reported. However, the cases reported in twins are consistent with an acquired disease. Here the case of two brothers with familial atresia of the extrahepatic biliary system is studied. Diagnosis was confirmed by laparotomy and histologic study of biliary fibrous remnants. In the present cases parental consanguinity might suggest a recessive autosomal inheritance. However, clustering of cases in a family might also suggest a common exposure to responsible factors not so far identified.

Biliary Atresia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gastric acid secretion in children with duodenal ulcer].

Gastric acid secretion was studied in 17 children with primary duodenal ulcer (mean age: 10 yrs 4 mo, rang: 4-16). Eight of the 17 children with primary ulcer had chronic evolution and 10 of them had an affected first degree relative. Basal acid output (BAO) and peak acid output under pentagastrin (PAO) were not significantly different in the 17 children (0.094 +/- 0.085 mmol/kg/hr; 0.483 +/- 0.235 mmol/kg/hr) and in 32 adults with duodenal ulcer (0.073 +/- 0.010 mmol/kg/hr; 0.477 +/- 0.021 mmol/kg/hr). BAO and PAO were not significantly different between children with or without chronic ulcer. The BAO and PAO of children with an affected first degree relative were significantly higher than those of children without (p less than 0.05). This study shows that gastric acid secretions are similar in children and adults with duodenal ulcer. The chronicity of duodenal ulcer in childhood is not associated with increased acid secretion. Gastric acid secretion seems to be higher in children with an affected first degree relative than those without.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Continuous enteral nutrition in the treatment of infants with "travelers' diarrhea" and severe malnutrition].

A prospective study of children aged 2-22 mos with traveller's diarrhea and severe malnutrition (weight loss greater than or equal to 10%; mean 17.8%) treated with a standardized progressive semi-elemental drip feeding (Alfaré and Dextrine-maltose) after rehydration was undertaken. In 18 children, this therapy was successful and duration of the hospital stay was 15.7 days. In 6 other children, relapse was treated with the same protocol with success and duration of the hospital stay was 29 days. Total parenteral nutrition was unnecessary. Evolution of serum prealbumin and anthropometric parameters was good.

Anthropometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chylous ascites in infants].

In a one month-old boy apparently idiopathic chylous ascites recovered with enteral feedings of an elementary diet excluding long-chain triglycerides. The authors emphasize the usual idiopathic character of chylous ascites in very young infants; the little interest of invasive investigations at such an age when data suggesting etiology are lacking; the interest of a trial of a non-invasive medical treatment, such as the one reported.

Chylous Ascites↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute generalized exanthematic pustulosis in children. Apropos of a case].

A seven year old girl without any personal or familial history of psoriasis presented with a maculo-papular then pustular, uniformly generalized eruption. She also had fever, neutrophilic granulocytosis, conjunctivitis and vulvitis. There was no evidence for bacterial or viral aetiology. Skin biopsy showed spongiform multilocular pustules and a vasculitis. The child recovered spontaneously within one week without further relapse.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Stevens-Johnson syndrome associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Apropos of a pediatric case].

A 13 years old girl presented an acute episode of fever, productive cough, purulent rhinorrhea and bilateral pulmonary crepitant rales. 36 hours later a maculopapular eruption appeared on the face, extended to all body and became bullous. Pluriorificial mucous membranes lesions were associated (conjunctivae, buccal mucosa, lips, nasal mucosa, genitalia and the perirectal area). Parenteral prednisone was administered and the extension of the eruption was stopped in a few hours. Lesions healed in about 10 days. Association with mycoplasma pneumoniae was documented by serologic studies (high titers of complement fixing antibodies and presence of IgM antibodies in immunofluorescence).

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the protocol for management of the first uncomplicated febrile convulsion].

A protocol of rationalized management of the first non complicated febrile seizure was used in 42 children and the results were compared with those observed in the past without the new protocol. The quality of medical data collected from the parents and those given to the family and their practitioner have been improved; the duration of the hospitalization was shorter, the examinations were fewer and the savings realised per child were 3,175 francs.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute cholecystitis disclosing A virus hepatitis].

Three children presenting with HAV hepatitis had an initial clinical onset suggestive of acute cholecystitis (pain and guarding in the right hypochondrium, fever and delayed jaundice) associated with important ultrasonographic abnormalities, also very suggestive of acute cholecystitis: bladder wall thickness greater than 10 mm (3 cases), the presence of 2 or 3 layers of different echogenicities (3 cases), presence of an ultrasonographic Murphy's sign (one case), contents of the gallbladder echogenic (one case). The authors discuss the hypothesis of an actual initial acute cholecystitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative study of 4 groups of gastroduodenal ulcers in children].

A retrospective cooperative survey allowed analysis of 151 cases of ulcers diagnosed by endoscopy (106), surgery (40), or autopsy (5). There were 58 primary ulcers, 21 aspirin-induced ulcers, 23 steroid-induced ulcers, and 49 stress ulcers. Up to the age of 7, the majority of ulcers (80%) were secondary; after 7 years, only 47.6%. The higher incidence was found in boys of all groups, especially after 7 years of age. Only aspirin-induced ulcers were located more often in the stomach (52.3%). A family history was present in parents and siblings of children with primary ulcers (31%) and aspirin-induced ulcers (23.8%). The secondary ulcers were often complicated: hemorrhage was nearly always present with aspirin induced ulcers (95.2%); perforation occurred principally in steroid-induced ulcers (30.4%), and stress ulcers (42.8%). Death occurred only in steroid-induced ulcers (8) and stress ulcers (21). Secondary ulcers rarely became chronic.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗