Biomedical subjects

B Desprez

Publications and source records attributed to B Desprez.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Concomitant radiochemotherapy or accelerated radiotherapy: analysis of two randomized trials of the French Head and Neck Cancer Group (GORTEC).

In the early 1990s, when conventional radiotherapy (RT) was the standard of care in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), two main options were being tested to improve the efficacy and the therapeutic ratio of RT. The first approach evaluated the effect of adding chemotherapy (CT) simultaneously to RT (RT-CT), while the second approach assessed the effect of modified fractionated RT. To answer these two questions, in 1994, the French Group for Head and Neck Oncology Radiotherapy (GORTEC) initiated two randomized trials. A total of 494 patients were entered in these two parallel phase III multicenter trials comparing conventional RT (70 Gy in 35 fractions) either with concomitant RT-CT (226 patients; 70 Gy in 35 fractions with three cycles of a 4-day regimen comprising carboplatin and 5-fluorouracil [5FU]) or with very accelerated RT (268 patients) delivering 64 Gy in 3 weeks. The 5-year overall survival (OS), specific disease-free survival (DFS), and local-regional control rates were improved in favor of simultaneous RT-CT, whereas local-regional control was significantly improved with accelerated RT, along with a marginal effect on OS and DFS. This increased antitumor efficacy was in both cases associated with a marked increase in acute RT-induced toxicity, which was more pronounced with accelerated RT, whereas late effects were marginally increased with the addition of CT and not influenced by accelerated RT. We conclude that both concomitant RT-CT and accelerated RT improved tumor control rates, as compared to conventional RT, along with increased but manageable toxicity. The two regimens are currently being tested in an ongoing randomized study and also being compared to moderately accelerated RT and concomitant CT.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed2003

[Retained fecalith after laparoscopic appendicectomy].

The subhepatic abscess due to retained fecalith is a rare complication following appendicectomy. The incidence of this complication is probably going to increase due to high rate of laparoscopic appendicectomy. We report 2 cases of subhepatic abscess 1 and 2 years after laparoscopic appendectomies. This potentially serious complication could be preventing with technical recommendations. When it occurs, this complication has to be directly treated by surgical drainage, percutaneous drainage couldn't be successful because it leaves fecalith in its place which is a cause of recurrence. Our reports are the first to use a laparoscopic treatment of this complication.

Abscess↗

PubMed1994

Direct covalent attachment of small peptide antigens to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plates using radiation and carbodiimide activation.

Direct adsorption of small peptide antigens to unaltered, commercially available polystyrene surfaces may be too weak to permit suitable assay by ELISA. We therefore developed a simple method for the covalent attachment of small, potentially single epitope antigens to polystyrene surfaces. Chemical activation of polystyrene plates with carbodiimide considerably improves the total and covalent attachment of radioactive octapeptides. The covalent attachment was demonstrated by washing with hot detergent. A 3.5 Mrad gamma-irradiation of plates also increases total binding, particularly in combination with chemical activation. The covalent attachment presumably occurs through formation and chemical activation of carboxylate functions on the polystyrene surface which form amide bonds with peptides. ELISA test was performed with CGRP and successive smaller CGRP fragments. Covalent attachment of C-terminal peptide fragments as detection antigens allows optimal recognition and sensitivity even for hexapeptides, while decapeptide antigens were already poorly recognized using a conventional antigen plating technique. Repetitive detergent washes and/or prolonged storage of plates with covalently bound antigens did not reduce their ELISA sensitivity. The method with storage and reutilization capacities that we present here will be useful for the development of preplated antibody screening test.

Antigens↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Twin pregnancy in a unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn].

We describe the case of a rudimentary horn pregnancy coexistent with an intrauterine pregnancy. This situation is usually associated with rupture of the rudimentary horn and death of the correspondent twin. This is the first report on a multiple gestation with the two siblings successfully delivered by caesarean section in the two horns of a unicornuate uterus with rudimentary horn before any complication. Since the maternal mortality is higher in this situation, early ultrasound diagnosis is important to make the right decisions.

Adult↗