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Biomedical subjects

B Dietl

Publications and source records attributed to B Dietl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

SCF modulates organ distribution and hematopoietic engraftment of CB-derived pluripotent HPC transplanted in NOD/SCID mice.

BACKGROUND: During the engraftment process of transplanted HPC, the beta 1 integrins play an important role. An increased expression and adhesive function of these integrins has been shown in hematopoietic cell lines and peripheral blood-derived HPC after stimulation with SCF. In this study, we investigated the influence of SCF on the engraftment capability and tissue distribution of cord blood (CB) cells transplanted into NOD/SCID mice. METHODS: CB-derived mononuclear cells were injected i.v. into 40 sublethally irradiated NOD/SCID mice with or without the addition of 10 microg SCF/ mouse. Six weeks later, BM, liver, kidneys, brain and testicular tissue were analyzed for the prevalence of human cells. RESULTS: The mean proportion of human CD45+ CD71+ cells within the BM of all engrafted mice receiving SCF in addition to the cells was 1.7-fold higher than in the respective controls. By immunohistochemical staining, human cells were found in liver and kidneys of the engrafted animals, but not in neural tissues or testicles. In the kidneys, the proportion of human cells rose significantly from 0.07 +/- 0.3% to 0.24 +/- 0.05% with treatment with SCF, compared with untreated controls. Single human cells in the liver additionally stained positive for human albumin, indicating organ-specific differentiation of the transplanted cells. DISCUSSION: Our results indicate that stimulation with SCF modulates the tissue distribution of the progeny of the transplanted cells and improves the hematopoietic engraftment potential of transplanted CB cells.

Albumins↗
PubMed2005

[The therapeutic impact of (18)F-FDG whole body PET. A radiooncologist's view].

AIMS: An explorative analysis of the diagnostic as well as therapeutic impact of (18)F-FDG whole body PET on patients with various tumours in the setting of an university hospital radiation therapy was performed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 222 FDG PET investigations (148 initial stagings, 74 restagings) in 176 patients with diverse tumour entities (37 lung carcinoma, 15 gastrointestinal tumours, 38 head and neck cancer, 30 lymphoma, 37 breast cancer, 19 sarcoma and 16 other carcinomas) were done. All PET scans were evaluated in an interdisciplinary approach and consecutively confirmed by other imaging modalities or biopsy. Unconfirmed PET findings were ignored. Proportions of verified PET findings, additional diagnostic information (diagnostic impact) and changes of the therapeutic concept intended and documented before PET with special emphasis on radiooncological decisions (therapeutic impact) were analysed. RESULTS: 195/222 (88%) FDG-PET findings were verified, 104/222 (47%) FDG-PET scans yielded additional diagnostic information (38 distant, 30 additional metastasis, 11 local recurrencies, 10 primary tumours and 15 residual tumours after chemoptherapy). The results of 75/222 (34%) scans induced changes in cancer therapy and those of 58/222 (26%) scans induced modifications of radiotherapeutic treatment plan (esp. target volumes). CONCLUSION: (18)F-FDG whole body PET is a valuable diagnostic tool for therapy planning in radiooncology with a high impact on therapeutic decisions in initial staging as well as in restaging. Especially in a curative setting it should be used for definition of target volumes.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2004

[Anaesthesia for radiation therapy of brain tumours in children. A multidisciplinary challenge].

Radiation therapy of childhood intracranial malignancies is always a challenge for radiation oncologists, anaesthetists and paediatric oncologists. Detailed knowledge of the course of the disease prior to radiation therapy and a critical evaluation of the child's actual physical status are mandatory in each case. Furthermore the anaesthetist should be informed about the child's individual preferences and aversions. The optimum prearrangement of the radiation therapy is of paramount importance. Interdisciplinary communication structures which must always involve the child's parents have to be established. Perfect adjustment of the mask that fixes the head during each radiation procedure is necessary to give the child the possibility to breathe spontaneously without an endotracheal tube or a laryngeal mask. Two case reports highlight these aspects of the complex procedure of paediatric radiation therapy which are relevant for the anaesthetist.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed2002

[Prospective phase II study of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in advanced operable carcinoma of the mouth cavity. 3-year outcome].

PURPOSE: The purpose of simultaneous chemoradiotherapy is to increase local-regional control and to decrease the incidence of distant metastases. Regimens containing cisplatin/5-FU chemotherapy are widely accepted as standard treatment in advanced head and neck cancer. Most studies reported promising response and survival data, but also severe mucosal toxicity. In recent years the newly developed drug Taxol demonstrated interesting activity in head and neck cancer as a single agent as well as in combination drug regimens. In the present outpatient phase II trial, we investigated the combination of Taxol/carboplatin with 40 Gy radiotherapy in a neoadjuvant setting of operable stage III/IV squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-three patients were enrolled in this trial during the period from May 1998 to October 2000 and received five cycles weekly of Taxol (40 mg/m2) and carboplatin (AUC 1.5) with conventional radiotherapy (40 Gy). Within 3-4 weeks after chemoradiotherapy resection of the primary tumor and the regional neck nodes was performed. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients were evaluable for toxicity and response. Complete response was observed in 31 of 52 patients (CR 60%), and partial remission was seen in 21 of 52 patients (PR 40%). In 30 of 52 patients complete pathologic response (pCR 58%) was documented in the resection specimens. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rate was calculated as 84%. CONCLUSION: Our present results demonstrated impressive clinical and pathological response rates of concurrent Taxol/carboplatin and radiotherapy as a preoperative treatment modality in advanced oral and oropharyngeal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Quantitation of hyaluronidases by the Morgan-Elson reaction: comparison of the enzyme activities in the plasma of tumor patients and healthy volunteers.

The Morgan-Elson reaction, a method for the determination of hyaluronidase activity, was optimized for the quantitation of the enzyme in biological material. Based on HPLC and spectrometric (UV-Vis, LC-MS) studies, the structure of the red-colored product (mesomeric forms of N3-protonated 3-acetylimino-2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)methylidene-5-(1,2-++ +dihydroxyethyl)furane) formed by condensation of chromogen III with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde is proposed. Activities corresponding to > or = 0.1 IU of endogenous and therapeutically administered hyaluronidase can be detected in 50 microl samples. Application of the method for the determination of the enzyme in plasma of tumor patients revealed no difference in activity levels, interindividual variability and pH profile compared to healthy volunteers.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Bone marrow after autologous blood stem cell transplantation and total body irradiation: magnetic resonance and chemical shift imaging.

Magnetic resonance studies of the lumbar, pelvic, and femoral bone marrow were performed in 10 patients after autologous blood stem cell transplantation, including total body irradiation and myeloablative chemotherapy. The posttreatment interval varied between 2 and 6 yr. The appearance on T1-weighted images and the quantitative data obtained from chemical shift imaging (relative fat signal) were compared to 10 age-matched healthy volunteers. The classification of the T1-weighted images yielded no significant differences between the two groups. Chemical shift imaging by determination of the relative fat signal was able to detect a significant fatty replacement of the patients' lumbar (p < .002) and pelvic marrow (p < .01), showing the clinically inapparent decreased cellularity of the bone marrow. This difference did not change within the interval of 2-6 yr after transplantation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Bone marrow changes following radiotherapy. Results of MR tomography].

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a new approach in the morphologic evaluation of the bone marrow. Physiologic and pathologic changes can be assessed with very high sensitivity. Radiotherapy induces acute depletion of the hematopoietic bone marrow, resulting in fatty degeneration. With MRI it is possible to evaluate the changes during irradiation and it also discloses the long-term fatty degeneration after radiotherapy. The irradiated bone marrow mostly exhibits a homogeneous hyperintense pattern on T1-weighted images. This allows clear recognition of the former target volumes. Our quantitative studies based on chemical shift imaging data reveal a lack of recovery of hematopoiesis after radiotherapy with 30 Gy or more. These results are independent of patients' age and of the interval after radiotherapy.

Adipose Tissue↗