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Biomedical subjects

B Dobrowolska

Publications and source records attributed to B Dobrowolska.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Treatment of posterior and anterior urethral trauma.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the occurrence and treatment of posterior urethral (most often caused by traffic accidents and comprising half of all cases of urinary tract traumas) and anterior urethral injury (usually iatrogenic during catheterization or cystoscopy, or caused by blunt trauma, e.g. straddle injury or penetrating trauma). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The records and details of patients with posterior and anterior urethral trauma were analysed from 61 urological departments in Poland between 1995 and 1999. RESULTS: During the 5-year period there were 268 cases of posterior and 255 of anterior urethral injury; for the former, most occurred during traffic accidents, and of the latter 206 were iatrogenic (during catheterization or cystoscopy), of which 48 were accompanied by perineal injury. The posterior injuries were isolated or involved many organs, mainly pelvic bones. Both types of injuries were diagnosed using ascending urethrography, voiding cysto-urethrography and urethroscopy/endoscopy. Treatment for posterior injuries included cystostomy alone or cystostomy with abdominal drainage or perineal drainage; some patients also had their urethra reconstructed. The treatment for anterior injuries was conservative in 193 patients and surgical in 62. CONCLUSION: The early detection and appropriate surgical treatment of posterior and anterior urethral injury is crucial for the recovery of urethral function, and avoids many complications.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1990

Isolation and studies of the mutagenic activity in the Ames test of flavonoids naturally occurring in medical herbs.

Quercetin, rhamnetin, isohamnetin, apigenin and luteolin were isolated from medicinal herbs: Erigeron canadensis L., Anthyllis vulneraria L. and Pyrola chloranta L. The mutagenicity of these naturally occurring flavonoids was tested by the Ames method with S. typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1538, TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102 in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. Of the above flavonoids only quercetin and rhamnetin revealed mutagenic activity in the Ames test. Quercetin induced point mutations in strains TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102 of S. typhimurium. The presence of S9 rat liver microsome fraction markedly enhanced the mutagenic activity of quercetin in these strains. Rhamnetin appeared to be a much weaker mutagen in the Ames test. The compound induced mutations in strains TA97, TA98 and TA100 of S. typhimurium but only in the presence of metabolic activation. Comparison of the structure of the studied flavonoids with their mutagenic activity indicates that the mutagenicity of flavonoids is dependent on the presence of hydroxyl groups in the 3' and 4' positions of the B ring, and that the presence of a free hydroxy or methoxy group in the 7 position of the A ring also probably contributes to the appearance of mutagenic activity of flavonoids in the Ames test. It also appeared that the presence of methoxy groups, particularly in the B ring of the flavonoid molecule, markedly decreases the mutagenic activity of the compound.

Animals↗