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Biomedical subjects

B E Davis

Publications and source records attributed to B E Davis.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Analysis and management of chronic testicular pain.

A total of 45 patients was seen in consultation between May 1980 and April 1989 for chronic unilateral or bilateral orchialgia, defined as intermittent or constant testicular pain 3 months or longer in duration that significantly interferes with the daily activities of the patient so as to prompt him to seek medical attention. We analyzed 34 patients available for followup in terms of socioeconomic parameters, etiology and duration of pain, associated urological symptomatology, specific treatment and results of therapy. Of the patients 31 underwent surgical treatment after failing medical management (24 orchiectomies, 10 epididymectomies, 5 orchiopexies and 1 hydrocelectomy). Of 10 patients who underwent epididymectomy 9 underwent subsequent orchiectomy as definitive treatment. Of 15 patients who underwent inguinal orchiectomy 11 (73%) reported complete relief of pain, while 4 had partial relief. Of the 9 patients who underwent scrotal orchiectomy 5 (55%) reported complete relief of pain, 3 had partial relief and 1 denied improvement. On the basis of these results we recommend inguinal orchiectomy as the procedure of choice for the management of chronic testicular pain when conservative measures are unsuccessful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

New concepts in the treatment of stage D1 adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

Stage D1 disease will be encountered in 20 per cent of patients by those who treat prostate cancer. There is marked heterogeneity among cancers discovered at this stage, with 5-year disease-free survival rates ranging from 0 to 95 per cent. Generally, when prostate cancer has escaped the confines of the gland, metastasis occurs, and widespread systemic disease prevails. Any significant chance for long-term cure will then depend on systemic therapy. From maturing data in retrospective reviews, preliminary data from prospective trials, and recent well-conducted animal studies, chemotherapy and hormonal deprivation appear most effective when tumor volumes are the smallest. This evidence supports the removal of all cancer possible and the early institution of systemic treatment. Caution must be exercised in extrapolating the aforementioned evidence to include cases of more extensive prostate cancer (i.e., patients with bulky pelvic or retroperitoneal disease, distant metastasis, or significant elevation of serum markers). It is doubtful that "debulking" with removal of the prostate and lymph nodes will provide any justifiable advantages in these patients. Whether removal of the prostate affords any local palliative benefit is an issue for debate. Certainly, the primary tumor, if left untreated, will progress locally and cause symptoms necessitating further procedures in more than half these patients, whereas the incidence of local recurrence and the adverse effects of these recurrences in patients with D1 disease after radical prostatectomy and adjuvant therapy is less than 10 per cent. Surgical refinements coupled with acceptably low morbidity now associated with radical prostatectomy have led some authors to endorse the palliative benefits of removing the primary tumor in selected patients. The purpose of this article is not to endorse or disparage the aggressive treatment of patients with stage D1 prostate cancer. The evidence suggests that if long-term survival is the endpoint used to compare treatment groups, then to date no treatment option offers significant advantages. On the contrary, if progression rates or disease-free survival are compared, then cytoreductive surgery and early systemic adjuvant treatment (testosterone deprivation or chemotherapy) provides significant advantages for selected patients with stage D1 disease. Although ploidy analysis, receptor mapping, and oncogene assays are promising, today, there is no practical way to identify patients who will benefit most from multimodality treatment approaches.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Structure of a functionalized tetrahydrobenzothiophene.

(+-)-4-(tert-Butyldimethylsiloxy)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydrobenzo[b] thiophen -3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide, C14H24O4SSi, Mr = 316.49, monoclinic, P2(1)/n, a = 7.1431 (7), b = 19.643 (2), c = 12.528 (1) A, beta = 104.810 (8) degrees, V = 1699.4-(3) A3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.24 g cm-3, Mo K alpha radiation, lambda = 0.71073 A, mu = 2.597 cm-1, F(000) = 680, T = 298 K, R = 0.0566 for 2733 reflections [Fo greater than or equal to 4o-(fo)]. The two rings are cisfused with the cyclohexene ring in the half-chair conformation while the thiophene moiety has the envelope conformation. The endocyclic bond angles of the cyclohexene ring are enlarged, especially at the bridgehead C atoms, C3a and C7a, which have angles 116.0 (2) and 116.8 (2)o, respectively. There are several close intramolecular contacts: C3...O11 2.614 (3), O10...O11 3.137 (3), O10...C7 3.073 (4) A. Adjacent molecules related by 1-x, 1-y, 2-z stack so that the carbonyl O and C atoms of one molecule lie directly over the carbonyl C and O atoms of the second molecule. The C...O distance is 3.023 (3) A in this intermolecular interaction.

Organosilicon Compounds↗
PubMed1989

Structure of a protected C(1)-C(10) subunit of C(2)-epi-erythronolides A and B.

1-[5-(2-Hydroxy-1,3-dimethyl-4-pentenyl)-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3- dioxolan-4-yl]-2-methyl-3-pentanone, C19H34O4, Mr = 326.48, monocline, P2i, a = 11.409 (3), b = 7.889 (2), c = 11.690 (3) A, beta = 109.24 (2) degrees, V = 993.4 (4) A3, Z = 2, Dx = 1.09 g cm-3, Mo K alpha, lambda = 0.71069 A, mu = 0.6963 cm-1, F(000) = 360, T = 194 K, R = 0.0595 for 1496 reflections [Fo greater than or equal to 4 sigma(Fo)]. Molecules stack into columns parallel to the screw axis. Molecules are hydrogen bonded within each column. A hydrogen bond involving the hydroxyl group of one molecule and the carbonyl O of a second molecule (related by - x, -1/2 + y, - z) with an O...O distance of 2.859 (7) A, an H...O distance of 2.01 (7) A and an O--H...O angle of 164 (6) degrees is observed.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

Structure of a protected C(1)-C(10) subunit of erythronolides A and B.

C19H34O4, Mr = 326.48, orthorhombic, P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 7.949 (2), b = 14.880 (5), c = 17.047 (5) A, V = 2016 (1) A3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.08 g cm-3, mu = 0.6861 cm-1, lambda(Mo K alpha) = 0.71069 A, F(000) = 720, T = 163 K, R = 0.0644 for 1476 reflections [Fo greater than or equal to 4 sigma (Fo)]. There is an intermolecular H bond involving the hydroxyl group and the carbonyl O (related by 1/2 + x, 3/2 - y, 1 - z) with an O...O distance of 2.838 (5) A, an H...O distance of 2.06 (5) A and an O-H...O angle of 172 (6) degrees. There are no such intramolecular contacts.

Crystallography↗
PubMed1980

Mechanisms of uptake and the fate of serum proteins and horseradish peroxidase in cultured human glioma cells. A light- and electron-immunocytochemical study.

Previous studies have shown that serum proteins are taken up from extracellular oedema fluid by reactive astrocytes and by tumour astrocytes. The present investigation was designed to define the mechanism of this protein uptake. Two or 3-week-old explant cultures from 26 astrocytic gliomas, one anaplastic ependymoma, and five non-glial intracranial tumours were treated with either human IgG (12 mg/ml), human serum albumin, (44 mg/ml) or horseradish peroxidase (0.1--4.0 mg/ml) for 4--24 h. Human IgG and albumin were subsequently detected in cultured cells by the indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method for light microscopy or by direct peroxidase conjugate technique for electron microscopy. Horseradish peroxidase activity was localised by treatment with diaminobenzidine and hydrogen peroxide. Results of the study show that human serum proteins and horseradish peroxidase are taken up by tumour astrocytes and ependymal cells, and by macrophages, but not by non-glial tumour cells nor by mesenchymal elements in the glioma cultures. Electron immunocytochemistry suggests that the serum proteins are taken up by smooth walled micropinocytic vesicles (approximately 80 nm in diameter) which fuse to form larger endocytic vesicles (200--300 nm); these vacuoles in turn fuse with secondary lysosomes to form cytoplasmic bodies 1.2--3 mum in diameter.

Adolescent↗