PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B E Henderson

Publications and source records attributed to B E Henderson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

"Incessant ovulation" and ovarian cancer.

A case-control study of 150 ovarian cancer patients under the age of 50 and individually matched controls was done to study the influence of fertility and oral contraceptive use on the risk of ovarian cancer. The risk decreased with increasing numbers of live births, with increasing numbers of incomplete pregnancies, and with the use of oral contraceptives. These three factors can be amalgamated into a single index of protection--"protected time"--by considering them all as periods of anovulation. The complement of protected time--viz., "ovulatory age", the period between menarche and diagnosis of ovarian cancer (or cessation of menses) minus "protected time"--was strongly related to risk of ovarian cancer. Other factors found to be associated with increased ovarian cancer risk were obesity, cervical polyps, and gallbladder disease. Women who had an "immediate" intolerance to oral contraceptive use had a fourfold increased risk of ovarian cancer. 7 patients, but no controls, could recall a family history of ovarian cancer.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1979

Risk factors for cancer of the testis in young men.

An individual matched case-control study of testis cancer in 131 men under age 40 was conducted to investigate antecedent risk factors including events during prenatal life. Ten patients were born with an undescended testis compared to only two controls (p less equal to 0.02), a previously reported risk factor. Two new risk factors were uncovered: six patients-mothers received hormones during the index pregnancy compared to only one control-mother, and eight patient-mothers and two control-mothers reported excessive nausea as a complication of the index pregnancy. A hypothesis linking these three factors is presented: viz, that a major risk factor for testis cancer is a relative excess of certain hormones (in particular estrogen) at the time of differentiation of the testes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Breast-cancer incidence and mortality rates in different countries in relation to known risk factors and dietary practices.

Breast-cancer incidence and mortality rates in different countries were found to be correlated with height, weight and age at menarche, all of which have been identified as risk factors in cohort or case-control studies of breast cancer. There were, however, correlations with total fat and animal protein consumption per capita even after controlling for the 3 anthropometric variables. This suggests that, while some of the effects of diet on breast-cancer rates may be mediated through effects on these known risk factors, there may be more direct effects as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Descriptive epidemiology of testicular and prostatic cancer in Los Angeles.

Data from the Los Angeles County Cancer Surveillance Program (CSP) from 1972 to 1975 were used to study the descriptive epidemiology of testicular cancer and prostatic cancer. The very high black/white ratio and late age peak of cancer of the prostate contrasted sharply with the very low ratio and early age peak of testicular cancer. However, both sites had higher rates among upper occupational and social class groupings. Avalable descriptive and analytical research suggests that the etiology of prostatic cancer is most probably related to hormonal influences rather than to a horizontally transmitted agent, while the etiology of testicular cancer is most probably related to endogenous or exogenous hormonal influences in utero or in infancy, or to in utero exposure to other exogenous agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Risk factors for nodular sclerosis and other types of Hodgkin's disease.

The age-adjusted incidence rates of nodular sclerosis in Los Angeles County from 1972 to 1975 were 58% lower in Mexican-Americans and 42% lower in blacks than in other whites. They were the same for each sex among other whites and the curve of age-specific incidence peaked in young adulthood. The incidence of nodular sclerosis was directly associated with social class. In contrast, the rates for other histological varieties of Hodgkin's disease (lymphocyte predominance, mixed cellularity, lymphocyte depletion) were only 12% lower in Mexican-Americans but 34% lower in blacks. In other whites, the rates were 92% higher in men and increased gradually with age while there were no clear trends with social class. These characteristics support the hypothesis that, at least for purposes of etiology, the nodular sclerosis form of this disease should be considered a distinct entity. Self-administered questionnaire were completed by 218 of the 1972 to 1973 Hodgkin's disease patients and 218 individually matched neighbourhood controls. Significantly high risk ratios for Hodgkin's disease were found for prior appendectomy (risk ratios = 1.9, p = 0.01) and for past amphetamine use (risk ratios = 3.0, p = 0.01). The elevated risk associated with amphetamine use had been found in a previous study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The hormonal basis of breast cancer.

Both animal experiments and certain well-established breast cancer risk factors suggest that risk to the disease is fundamentally determined by the hormones of the pituitary-gonadal axis. Although international comparisons of urinary estrogens have given support to this ypothesis, case-control studies and international comparisons of plasma estrogens and prolactin have not. Methodological problems and sampling biases probably account for the inconsistency of these investigations. Taking advantage of the known familial increased risk to breast cancer, we conducted comparative studies of teenage daughters of patients with breast cancer, including a group of girls whose mothers had bilateral breast cancer when they were less than 50 years old. The results of these studies revealed that these high-risk girls appear to have elevated levels of estrogens, prolactin, and progesterone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Observations on cancer etiology in China.

Major variations in cancer by site and sex are being discovered in the People's Republic of China. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the most common form in Kwangtung Province, accounted for 43.0% of biopsied cancers in males. Liver cancer is predominant along the coast near Shanghai and appears to be a major cause of mortality in many other parts of the country. The mortality rate of esophageal cancer, the primary cause of all mortality along the eastern slopes of the Taihang Mountains in North China, varies by 100-fold in areas short distances apart; this geographical variation is paralleled by a carcinoma of the gullet in domestic chickens. Several foods, particularly a type of pickled vegetable, contain high concentrations of nitrosamines and nitrites, which are thought to be etiologically important.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Cancer in Papua New Guinea.

Among the Melanesian population of Papua New Guinea, cancer of the oral cavity associated with betel nut chewing is the most commonly reported. Liver cancer is also common and is closely associated with chronic hepatitis-B infection. Burkitt's lymphoma occurs along coastal areas with a high rainfall and intense malaria transmission. The descriptive epidemiology of other cancers in Papua New Guinea is also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Breast cancer and diet among the Japanese in Hawaii.

Eighty-six Japanese men out of 6860 male participants in a prospective study of cancer were married to women who had breast cancer. These 86 men were compared with the remaining men by dietary factors that were identified during two different time periods. Based on the assumption that there is a similarity between husbands and wives in their dietary patterns, it was noted that the spouses of women with breast cancer consumed more beef or meat, butter/margarine/cheese, corn, and wieners than the other men. Furthermore, the breast cancer spouses also consumed less Japanese foods than controls, even though there were minimal differences between the two groups in other Oriental practices. These results suggest that certain American foods are important in the search for possible dietary factors related to the occurrence of breast cancer in women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Male genitourinary abnormalities and maternal diethylstilbestrol.

In view of the risk of vaginal cancer developing in young female subjects exposed in utero to maternally ingested diethylstilbestrol a pilot study was undertaken of male subjects similarly exposed. A healthy questionnaire was mailed to 306 male subjects whose mothers were known to have taken diethylstilbestrol in the early part of their pregnancies and to 231 age and sex-matched controls identified from the same record source. Although there was no increased history of cancer, heart disease or asthma when the groups were compared there was a higher incidence of reported urinary tract symptoms and genital abnormalities in the group exposed to diethylstilbestrol. The presence of these abnormalities was confirmed by physical examination of 15 respondents. Studies in experimental animals also have shown that in certain species maternally ingested stilbestrol may result in abnormalities of the genitaltensive clinical studies be undertaken to determine the level of risk, if any, to which many thousands of young men are subject.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of urinary and plasma hormone levels in daughters of breast cancer patients and controls.

Plasma and urinary levels of estrogens and progesterone were studied on days 11 and 22 of the menstrual cycle in 27 teenage daughters of breast cancer patients and 25 teenage daughters of controls. Plasma and urinary values correlated well, which implied that most previous findings based on urinary levels of these hormones were applicable to their plasma levels. The "estriol ratio" (urinary estriol:urinary estrone plus estradiol) hypothesis was not supported by this study, the ratio having been no lower in the daughters of breast cancer patients than in daughters of controls. The day-11 results showed elevated plasma prolactin-estrogen values in daughters of breast cancer patients; the day-22 results did not.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Epstein-Barr virus and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: is there an etiologic relationship?

Antibody titers to all the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related antigens were significant elevated (P less than 0.001) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) compared with those of controls. EBV, early antigen, and anti-diffuse titers of Chinese-American and black patients with NPC were higher than those of white patients with NPC. Epstein-Barr viral capsid antigen antibody titers were elevated in white patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx, regardless of subsite. These results raise doubts about the specificity of the association between EBV and NPC.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1977

Selected observations on the epidemiology of pharyngeal cancers.

The epidemiology of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) has been compared with that of other pharyngeal cancers in Los Angeles County. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody titers were elevated in Caucasians with pharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas regardless of subsite. As expected, an excess of NPC cases was found among Chinese. The role of various etiologic factors in NPC including EBV, inhaled carcinogens, and salted fish was discussed.

Antibodies, Viral↗