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Biomedical subjects

B E Nilsson

Publications and source records attributed to B E Nilsson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Osteoarthrosis and late growth.

To examine the hypothesis that late growth of bone may occur, pelvic radiographs taken during 1990 to 1992 of patients born between 1901 and 1972 were studied. All radiographs were taken using the same equipment with constant exposure techniques. Films showing osteoarthrosis (obviously decreased joint space) or hip fracture were discarded. The remaining films of 116 women and 100 men divided into 3 age groups (18-39 years old, 40-59 years old, and > 60 years old) were measured. With a millimeter ruler and a circle template, the center and 5 radii of each femoral head, the width of the acetabulum, and the pelvic diameters, the femoral neck, and the height of the superior joint space were determined. Most of the measurements increased significantly with age, including those of the femoral head, the acetabulum, the femoral neck in women, and the pelvic diameters. The increase in superior joint space (the combined heights of the cartilage of the femoral head and acetabulum) with age was not significant, but in men between 50 and 70 years old there were cartilage measurements that were higher than in other age groups, and in women > 80 years of age there were significantly more single high values. The results are discussed against the background that growth of bone and of cartilage can hypothetically cause injuries of the cartilage.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Bone mineral loss after lower extremity trauma. 62 cases followed for 15-38 years.

62 former patients, who had been treated at our department for tibial shaft fracture (n 38) or knee ligament injury (n 24) 15-38 years earlier, were re-evaluated for post-traumatic osteopenia. 62 age- and sex-matched subjects without fracture served as controls. By means of a Lunar DEXA apparatus we measured the bone mineral density (BMD) in the total body, the hips and special regions of interest (ROI) in the lower extremities. We found a difference in the BMD between the injured and uninjured legs, most obvious in the femur condyle. Measurements of bone mineral loss early after the injury did not correlate with the present late measurements. The former fracture patients had at the time of follow-up the same BMD in the rest of their bodies as a whole, compared with controls. We conclude that post-traumatic osteopenia is still evident in the injured leg decades after the injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Bone mineral content in women: trends of change.

Altogether 426 women had their forearm bone mineral content (BMC) measured with single photon absorptiometry (SPA): one group in the early 1970s, another about 18 years later. Both groups represented purportedly healthy subjects. A third group of 328 women, measured at the same time as the second group, was from the same population but chosen by random selection (the population-based group). In the two sets of non-population-based women there was a small percentage reduction in the cortical forearm bone mass in the recent measurement as compared with the earlier measurement. This was significant only in women below 70 years of age. The forearm BMC, both cortical and trabecular, was less in all age groups of women randomly selected from the same population as the healthy control sample. This difference emphasizes the importance of selecting normative data from a population-based sample.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1992

Coxarthrosis on the island of Gotland. Increased prevalence in a rural population.

On the island of Gotland and in the city of Malmö, the prevalence of coxarthrosis was calculated using the hip projections in colon roentgen examinations. The prevalence of coxarthrosis among the Gotland islanders was about twice that of the Malmö urbanites, and the condition became obvious earlier in life. The population of the local Gotland city of Visby did not contribute to this difference; the difference was entirely due to an increased incidence in the rural population of the island. Heavy labor in conjunction with farming is believed to be the cause of the deviation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Bone mass in an urban and a rural population: a comparative, population-based study in southern Sweden.

Several previous studies have reported regional differences in the incidence of hip fractures. A population-based study was performed in the city of Malmö (urban population) and in the municipality of Sjöbo (rural population), 60 km apart. A total of 961 men and women, randomly selected and of Scandinavian ethnic background, participated in the study. Bone mineral content (BMC) of the forearm was measured with single-photon absorptiometry (SPA). Women and men in the city had significantly lower BMC compared with the rural population. The differences were even more pronounced when comparing a true urban population (lived their entire life in a city) with a true rural population (never lived in a city). The differences in BMC between Malmö and Sjöbo were more obvious in men. These data suggest that differences in bone mass between an urban and a rural population could to some extent explain differences in fracture incidence.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The impact of menopausal age on future fragility fracture risk.

Altogether 733 postmenopausal women were interviewed with regard to their age at menopause. Subsequent fragility fractures over an 11 year period were recorded. Fragility fractures had occurred in 212 women. These women had an earlier menopause, but the deviation from the nonfracture group was significant only in those who were less than 70 years at the beginning of the fracture catchment period. Women 50-69 years of age, in the lowest quartile of menopausal age, sustained 50% more fragility fractures than those in the highest quartile. In older women menopausal age does not predict fragility fractures. Women less than 70 with an early menopause had a significantly lower initial bone mass.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

The predictive value of bone loss for fragility fractures in women: a longitudinal study over 15 years.

Fifteen years after their forearm bone mineral content was measured, 366 women were measured again with the same single photon technique. 96 of the women had sustained one or more fragility fractures during that period. The initial bone mineral content was less in those women who were to have fractures. The rate of loss over the years did not differ between fracture and non-fracture women--the initial bone mass was the better predictor. Peak bone mass in the women in this study occurred before the age of 40.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Prevention in orthopedics.

Cogent data indicate a continuous increase in the incidence of orthopedic disease and trauma. Primary and secondary preventive measures should, when applicable, be recommended by the orthopedic profession to decision makers in the community, and should be reinforced by the health care programs.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1990

The predictive value of forearm bone mineral content measurements in men.

Six hundred and fifty-four men had their bone mineral content (BMC) measured with single photon absorptiometry during 1970-1976. All roentgenograms 1975-1985 (11 years) were registered and thus all falls requiring roentgen examinations. BMC was found to be of predictive value in ages below 70-80 with regard to future fragility fractures. Other characteristics were more falls, less grip strength, and weight. A history of previous vertebral fracture and cerebral disorder were also predictive. Men with only nonfragility fractures showed no differences compared to the nonfracture population.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Incidence of femoral and tibial shaft fractures. Epidemiology 1950-1983 in Malmö, Sweden.

We studied 362 fractures of the femur that had occurred during the years 1950-57 and 1973-83, and 849 fractures of the tibia that occurred during the the years 1950-55 and 1980-83. There was an increase in age-specific incidence over aged 60 years. The risk of low-energy femoral shaft fractures also had increased in elderly women. Both fracture types shifted their age- and sex-specific incidence in the direction of a fragility pattern. There was no increase in the incidence of tibial shaft fractures. Fracture type, site, and degree of displacement of the tibial fractures remained unchanged during the 30 years, i.e, they were predominantly distal, longitudinal fractures with moderate displacement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Predicting fractures in women by using forearm bone densitometry.

In 1,076 women the forearm bone mineral content (BMC) had been measured with single photon gamma absorptiometry (SPA) 10-16 years ago. The incidence of fractures incurred in the ensuing years (1975-1985) was recorded. The BMC had been significantly less in those women who were to have the types of fractures that are related to bone fragility but only in women measured during the first post- menopausal decades. From age 50-69, diminished BMC at the distal forearm site was associated with a threefold increase of relative risk whereas at the proximal site there was about a sixfold increase in relative risk. This association was not evident in the population over 70 years of age because of a high frequency of fractures (mostly of the spine) in subjects with relatively high BMC values. Body weight and grip strength were significantly lower in the fracture group over 70 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The predictive value of fracture, disease, and falling tendency for fragility fractures in women.

In 1,076 women who had been interviewed from 1970 to 1976 with regard to previous fracture and disease, all fragility fractures that occurred from 1975 to 1985 were recorded. Hip and vertebral fractures were good predictors of future fragility fractures but mainly in younger women (less than 70 years) and this was also the case for fracture of the distal end of the forearm in the age group 40-59. Later in life, falling tendency became the important predictor.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1986

Incidence of elbow dislocation.

Totally, 178 elbow dislocations--with and without concomitant fracture--that had occurred in the city of Malmö in the course of 12 years were studied. There was some preponderance of left-sided injury, but no significant sex difference. The dislocations were most frequent in the very young and occurred most often in conjunction with sports activities.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

Coinciding morbidity in patients with coxarthrosis. An epidemiological study of roentgen examinations.

In 279 patients who had undergone total hip replacement because of primary coxarthrosis, the occurrence of fractures, other diseases, and roentgen examinations was compared with that in the same number of age- and sexmatched controls from the same population. Coxarthrosis patients had had significantly more fractures than the controls before their hip operation but did not have significantly more after the operation except for fracture distal to the femur implant, which was rare but occurred only in the patients who had undergone surgery. Fragility fractures, including hip fractures, were equally frequent in coxarthrosis patients and controls. There was a higher tendency to morbidity in conditions related to ageing and degeneration; diabetes, however, was less frequent in coxarthrosis patients. Coxarthrosis patients had also had more frequent examinations of their gastro intestinal tract and their kidneys.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Bone mineral content in preterm infants at age 4 to 16.

Using photon absorptiometry the forearm bone mineral content (BMC) was determined in 75 children aged 4 to 16, who all had a low birth weight. Forty-five of them were born preterm AGA (27 boys, 18 girls, mean weight 1 580 g; range 920-2 060 g) and 30 preterm SGA (17 boys, 13 girls, mean weight 1510; range 940-2130 g). The results were compared with a control group of children of the same age, and analyses of covariance with age, height and weight as the covariant factors were performed. The BMC, weight and height did not differ between the children born AGA or SGA. Irrespective of AGA or SGA, the BMC was significantly decreased in boys but the difference was less pronounced and less significant when height and weight were used as covariant factors. Boys who had been born preterm had a less BMC than the control boys for their age but they were also somewhat shorter and lighter than expected with regard to their age.

Adolescent↗