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Biomedical subjects

B Eiseman

Publications and source records attributed to B Eiseman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Reassessment of simple cholecystostomy.

Cholecystostomy was performed on 22 patients with acute cholecystitis after partial (13) or complete (9) removal of gallbladder stones. One patient had complementary common-duct drainage. Early mortality occurred in two patients. Three patients with associated cholangitis but intraoperative reflux of cysticduct bile were all treated by cholecystostomy alone and survived. For the poor-risk patient with cholecystitis, cholecystostomy is effective. When there is associated cholangitis and documented cystic-duct patency, cholecystostomy is also sufficient. When accompanying cholangitis is associated with cystic-duct occlusion, choledochotomy and T tube drainage should be added.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Depression of cell-mediated immunity in diabetes.

Parameters of cell-mediated and humoral-mediated immunity were measured in ten infection-free, insulin-dependent, controlled diabetic patients and in ten similar but nondiabetic patients awaiting elective operations. Tests performed included total and differential leukocyte counts, neutrophil reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium, mitogen response of lymphocyte to phytohemagglutinin, ratio of thymus-derived to bone marrow-derived lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM, macrophage inhibition factor, serum zinc, and reaction to skin test antigens. Diabetics had a significantly (P less than .05) decreased mean response response to phytoheagglutinin stimulation and a lowered ratio of thymus-derived to bone marrow-derived lymphocytes. These findings support the concept of depressed cell-mediated immunity in the controlled, adult diabetic and might explain the propensity of the uncontrolled diabetic to increased frequency and severity of bacterial infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Reoperation after abdominal trauma.

A five year experience with 782 patients requiring laparotomy for trauma is reviewed. Specifically, the 70 patients requiring unplanned reexploration have been studied to delineate the indications for and implications of such repeat laparotomies. The major indications for such reoperation were intraabdominal abscess (45.7 per cent), bleeding (15.5 per cent), peritonitis (12.1 per cent), and small bowel obstruction (8.6 per cent). There were 16 negative reexplorations (13.8 per cent). Overall mortality in the reexplored patients was 21.4 per cent, all victims of gunshot or blunt trauma. Mortality correlated with the number of required reexplorations, being 67 per cent in those requiring four operations. Of the 31 laparotomies performed initially for diffuse or localized intraabdominal sepsis, only 15 were highly suspected, and 13 of these by simple chest x-ray findings. If after laparotomy for repair of intraabdominal trauma a patient fails to meet the anticipated norm of convalescence, a high index of suspicion for early postoperative hemorrhage, or later sepsis, should be maintained. Such patients have far more to gain than lose by reexploration.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of technetium scanning for myocardial contusion.

Myocardial contusion is a serious problem not easily diagnosed. Laboratory and clinical studies carried out on myocardial infarction suggested that Technetium scanning might clarify this diagnostic dilemma. Radionuclide imaging with Technetium was carried out in 29 patients suspected of having myocardial contusion. Of 13 patients in whom contusion was confirmed electrocardiographically, scan was positive in only two. Use of the technique in diagnosis of myocardial contusion is not recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The continuing challenge of duodenal injuries.

Thirty-four cases of duodenal trauma, 23 caused by gunshot wounds, are reviewed. All but three patients had associated major organ injuries, a total of 97 injuries. Postoperative mortality was 14% for injuries into the duodenal lumen. Techniques for operative repair included simple primary closure, use of omental or serosal patches, controlled fistula with a duodenostomy tube, decompressive and feeding ostomies, "diverticulization", segmental duodenal resection and anastomosis, and total duodenectomy and pancreatectomy. It is emphasized that the surgeon finding duodenal injury must be familiar with all of these techniques, each of which has its indications. Treatment of duodenal injuries perhaps more than any other bowel trauma must be individualized.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Surfing injuries At waikiki.

A 56-month survey of 36 hospitalized patients injured while surfing off Oahu, Hawaii, indicated that 34% of the injuries involved the head and spine. Bodysurfing involves a considerable risk of craniospinal injury if the head is driven into the sand. The most frequent injury in surfboarding is being hit by a loose board. Risk of injury in surfboarding is approximately one per 17,500 surfing days--an incidence far below most sports.

Athletic Injuries↗