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Biomedical subjects

B Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to B Eriksson.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Respiratory sequelae and lung function after whooping cough in infancy.

The lung function of 31 children, aged 6-13 years, who had whooping cough as infants and 32 control children matched for age, sex, and residence area were compared in a community based cohort study. Family history of obstructive airway disease, smoking habits in the family, atopy, and other background factors examined were similar in the two groups. The ratios of recalled repeated acute respiratory infections did not differ among the groups. Children in the control group were slightly more involved in physical activities. History of obstructive airway disease, findings on chest radiography, and distribution of immunoglobulin concentrations, including IgE, did not differ significantly. Lung function before and after exercise and after inhalation of salbutamol were not different. No impairment of small airways was detected. Our data do not support the hypothesis that whooping cough in itself is a causal factor for later obstructive respiratory disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A polyclonal antiserum against chromogranin A and B--a new sensitive marker for neuroendocrine tumours.

Chromogranins A, B, and C, proteins that are co-stored and co-released with peptides and amines, have been identified in a variety of neuroendocrine tissues, both normal and neoplastic. We examined the secretion of chromogranin A and chromogranin A + B by hormone-producing tumours in patients with endocrine pancreatic tumours, carcinoid tumours, pheochromocytomas, and small cell lung cancer. The radioimmunoassay determining the plasma concentrations of chromogranin A + B showed a greater sensitivity than that determining chromogranin A alone. All patients with endocrine pancreatic tumours, carcinoids, and pheochromocytomas had increased levels of chromogranin A + B, whereas a small number of the patients (5/18 with endocrine pancreatic tumours and 1/3 with pheochromocytomas) had normal levels of chromogranin A. Also in immunocytochemical stainings, our polyclonal antiserum detecting both chromogranin A and B showed a greater sensitivity than other available antisera against chromogranin A, B and C. We have demonstrated that a polyclonal antiserum against a mixture of chromogranin A and B might be a more sensitive marker than chromogranin A alone for diagnosing neuroendocrine tumours. This is not surprising, since both chromogranins are widely distributed in neuroendocrine cells.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

Steroid profile in urine: a useful tool in the diagnosis and follow up of adrenocortical carcinoma.

The urinary steroid profile was determined in 24 patients with adrenocortical carcinoma. Seventeen of the patients had Cushing's syndrome, virilization or feminization, and 7 had no signs of endocrine disease. Seven of the 11 patients still alive are free of disease, after a follow-up period of 5-75 months. The steroid profile varied widely between the patients with adrenocortical carcinoma. Patients with Cushing's syndrome had increased levels of cortisol metabolites and those with virilism had raised excretion of androgen metabolites. Six of the patients with adrenocortical carcinoma showed normal values of these metabolites. In 23 of the 24 patients the excretion of 3 beta-hydroxy-5-ene steroids and/or metabolites of cortisol precursors, such as tetrahydro-11-deoxycortisol, were significantly increased, compared with healthy controls or patients with adrenal adenomas. These findings suggest a relative deficit or low activity of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta isomerase and/or 11 beta-hydroxylase in tumour tissue. In the single patient where the steroid profile failed to indicate malignancy, hypercortisolism was seen and the tumour mass was small. The steroid excretion normalized after radical surgery and decreased in patients responding to chemotherapy. During recurred disease the metabolites of 3 beta-hydroxy-5-ene steroids and/or cortisol precursors increased, but in some patients the excretory pattern then was different from that seen before treatment.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Duodenogastric bile reflux before and after selective proximal vagotomy with and without pyloroplasty.

Duodenogastric bile reflux was determined by nasogastric aspiration in 60 patients with prepyloric, pyloric, or duodenal ulcer before and after selective proximal vagotomy (SPV) or SPV and pyloroplasty (PP). All patients underwent two aspiration tests before and 3 months, 1 year, and 3 years after operation. The highest 1-h output of bile acids was recorded, and 100 mumol x h-1 or more was considered a positive reflux test. Sixteen patients (27%) had positive tests before operation; seven of them had previously been cholecystectomized. Forty-four patients (73%) had negative tests preoperatively; one had been cholecystectomized. Of 43 non-reflux patients without previous cholecystectomy 21 were randomized to SPV and 22 to SPV + PP. Sixteen patients (76%) remained negative after SPV, and 19 of 22 (86%) after SPV + PP. The incidence of negative bile reflux before and after SPV or SPV + PP did not differ. Cholecystectomized patients had a high incidence of bile reflux before (seven of eight) and after (six of eight) SPV or SPV + PP. It is concluded that neither SPV nor PP causes bile reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of subclavian flap angioplasty on growth and circulation of the left front leg in pigs.

The effect of subclavian flap angioplasty on the growth of the left front limb and on its collateral circulation was studied in 11 pigs. The left subclavian artery and its first branch, the costocervical trunk, were divided while the remaining three branches--the deep cervical, the vertebral and the internal thoracic artery--were preserved. Postoperative angiographies (5 pigs) showed that the blood supply to the left front limb was maintained through these three branches, which acted as collaterals, supplying blood in retrograde fashion. The left vertebral artery was seen to be the predominant collateral already on postoperative day 1. Four months later the diameter of the left vertebral artery had increased more than that of the contralateral (right) vertebral artery. Eight months postoperatively the size of both front legs (6 pigs) was the same. No signs of cerebral disturbance were seen. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Preoperative localization of endocrine pancreatic tumours by intra-arterial dynamic computed tomography.

Eleven patients with biochemically confirmed endocrine pancreatic tumours were examined with intra-arterial (i.a.) dynamic computed tomography (CT) and angiography preoperatively. Seven of the patients suffered from the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) syndrome. All patients were operated upon and surgical palpation and ultrasound were the peroperative localization methods. Of the 33 tumours which were found at histopathologic analysis of the resected specimens in the 11 patients, 7 tumours in 7 patients were correctly localized by both i.a. dynamic CT and angiography. Six patients with MEN-1 syndrome had multiple tumours and this group of patients together had 28 tumours, of which 5 (18%) were localized preoperatively by both CT and angiography. I.a. dynamic CT, with the technique used by us, does not seem to improve the localization of endocrine pancreatic tumours, especially in the rare group of MEN-1 patients, as compared with angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Long-term follow-up study of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of totally edentulous jaws.

This study reviews the long-term outcome of prostheses and fixtures (implants) in 759 totally edentulous jaws of 700 patients. A total of 4,636 standard fixtures were placed and followed according to the osseointegration method for a maximum of 24 years by the original team at the University of Göteborg. Standardized annual clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted as far as possible. A lifetable approach was applied for statistical analysis. Sufficient numbers of fixtures and prostheses for a detailed statistical analysis were present for observation times up to 15 years. More than 95% of maxillae had continuous prosthesis stability at 5 and 10 years, and at least 92% at 15 years. The figure for mandibles was 99% at all time intervals. Calculated from the time of fixture placement, the estimated survival rates for individual fixtures in the maxilla were 84%, 89%, and 92% at 5 years; 81% and 82% at 10 years; and 78% at 15 years. In the mandible they were 91%, 98%, and 99% at 5 years; 89% and 98% at 10 years; and 86% at 15 years. (The different percentages at 5 and 10 years refer to results for different routine groups of fixtures with 5 to 10, 10 to 15, and 1 to 5 years of observation time, respectively.) The results of this study concur with multicenter and earlier results for the osseointegration method.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Minimal criteria for identification of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis.

A study was performed which aimed at testing the reliability of our routine diagnostic tests for identification of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis in clinical samples from the respiratory tract. A preliminary diagnosis of 122 isolates as Moraxella catarrhalis was obtained by using colony morphology and results of Gram stain and oxidase test as the sole diagnostic criteria. By using additional tests we could show that the preliminary diagnosis was incorrect for 21 isolates, which were classified as different Neisseria species. 20 of these were isolated from sputum samples. We propose that at least a test for DNA hydrolysis should be included in the routine procedure for identification of Moraxella catarrhalis in sputum.

Deoxyribonucleases↗
PubMed1990

Adrenocortical carcinoma. A retrospective study of a rare tumor with a poor prognosis.

A retrospective study was performed on 54 patients diagnosed as having adrenocortical carcinoma during 1974-1983. The initial symptoms were often diffuse: abdominal pain, weight loss, or fever, and more than 60% of the patients showed no evidence of overproduction of hormone. The median tumor diameter was 13 cm and almost half of the tumors had metastasized at diagnosis. A radical tumor resection could be performed in less than 50% of the patients, and at histopathological re-examination some tumors were not conclusively verified as malignant. Capsular invasion, nuclear pleomorphism and mitoses were found more commonly in patients who succumbed to the disease. Seven of 29 patients treated with chemotherapy showed an objective response and two of them are still alive and free of disease. The overall 5-year-survival rate was 19%, compared with 45% for patients with radically resected tumors. Patients with no biochemical signs of overproduction of adrenocortical hormone appeared to have a better prognosis than those with hormone excess. Together with increased use of ultrasound and computed tomography, a urinary steroid profile might hopefully contribute to earlier discovery of these often clinically silent tumors. However, it remains to be determined whether these diagnostic improvements, together with more aggressive surgery and adrenolytic chemotherapy, can improve the poor prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Histogenesis of a duodenal carcinoid.

A duodenal carcinoid with a diameter of 9 mm was cut serially into 5 microns thin sections from one end to the other. Every fourth section was stained with the argyrophil method of Grimelius, while representative sections in between were used for immunohistochemical analyses. The tumor displayed an argyrophil reaction and was chromogranin A immunoreactive and S-100 protein negative. Furthermore, the majority cell population was gastrin-immunoreactive, while minor cell populations stained for somatostatin and serotonin. The serial sectioning revealed that the tumor arose from differentiated endocrine cells located in the mucosal crypts. In the duodenal mucosa in the vicinity of the tumor the epithelial crypts exhibited an increased number of endocrine cells, preferentially displaying gastrin immunoreactivity. The results indicate that in this particular case the carcinoid tumor arose from hyperplastic and differentiated endocrine cells in the epithelial crypts of the duodenal mucosa.

Biogenic Amines↗
PubMed1989

Relative proton density and relaxation times in liver metastases during interferon treatment.

Relaxation times and relative proton densities were calculated from magnetic resonance examinations of the liver in eight patients with liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumours. Single, spin-echo sequences with eight different repetition times and a four-echo sequence were used to calculate T1 and T2 in tumour and normal liver, and the proton density tumour-liver quotient, before and during treatment with interferon. Changes over time of these parameters were compared with variations in tumour marker levels and changes in size and number of the metastases. During therapy, six out of eight cases showed a decrease in tumour T1, five responding to therapy and one with stationary disease, while the two patients with progressive disease showed unchanged tumour T1. The proton density quotient also decreased in a corresponding way, indicating a change in water content in tumours responding to interferon therapy. No significant change in liver T1, tumour T2 or liver T2 occurred in any patient. It is thus possible to perform reliable measurements of relaxation parameters over time, which may be valuable in follow-up of tumour treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A new pituitary protein 7B2 is increased in patients with high alpha- or beta-hCG.

The presence of 7B2 (a 180 amino acid peptide first extracted from the porcine pituitary) was investigated by a specific radioimmunoassay and gel filtration chromatography in the plasma of three groups of patients known to have increased levels of alpha- and beta-hCG subunits. Plasma 7B2 immunoreactive equivalents (7B2-IE) were increased in postmenopausal women (range 67-143 pmol/l, median: 94 pmol/l, N = 20, P less than 0.05), in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome (range 195-230 pmol/l), median 213 pmol/l, N = 4, P less than 0.01) and in 17 patients with malignant endocrine gastrointestinal tumours (range 66-20,000 pmol/l, N = 32) compared with healthy controls (range 23.6-98.2 pmol/l, median 41.5 pmol/l, N = 40). Tumour tissue from 4 patients with endocrine pancreatic tumours had significantly higher 7B2-IE concentrations than normal pancreatic tissue, with the highest concentration in an insulinoma (449 pmol/g, normal: 28 pmol/g). During therapy almost parallel changes in plasma 7B2 and other hormones were noted and 7B2-IE therefore might be an additional marker for cancers of the APUD system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The release of chromogranin A and B like activity from human lung cancer cell lines. A potential marker for a subset of small cell lung cancer.

Human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is in vivo and in vitro characterized by a heterogeneous spectrum of neuroendocrine markers. The non-SCLC group is deprived of these markers, or expresses them in low quantities. In this paper we report on the release to the culture medium of neuroendocrine associated proteins, chromogranin A and B like activity (CABLA). The culture medium from three out of five SCLC cell lines and in one/five non-SCLC cell line contained significant levels of CABLA. Normal diploid foreskin fibroblasts and a histiocytic lymphoma cell line were deprived of CABLA production. The presence of CABLA in both SCLC and non-SCLC further stress their common histogenetic origin. The CABLA values were partly unrelated to other neuroendocrine markers. Determinations of CABLA could thus be a potential and valuable marker for a subset of SCLC.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1989

Chromogranins--new sensitive markers for neuroendocrine tumors.

Chromogranins A, B and C, proteins that are costored and coreleased with peptides and amines, have been identified in a variety of endocrine and nervous tissues, both normal and neoplastic. We examined the secretion of chromogranin A and chromogranin A + B by hormone-producing tumors in patients with endocrine pancreatic tumors (EPT), carcinoid tumors, pheochromocytomas and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Radioimmunoassay (RIA) of the plasma/serum concentrations of chromogranin A + B showed a greater sensitivity than RIA of chromogranin A alone. All patients with EPT, carcinoids and pheochromocytomas had increased levels of chromogranin A + B, whereas a small number of the patients (5/18 with EPT and 1/3 with pheochromocytomas) had normal levels of chromogranin A. Also in immunocytochemical stainings, our polyclonal antiserum detecting both chromogranin A and B showed a greater sensitivity than other available antisera against chromogranin A, B and C.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1989

Neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors. Clinical findings in a prospective study of 84 patients.

Endocrine pancreatic tumors are slowly growing neuroendocrine neoplasms with a malignant potential which may cause symptoms such as hypoglycemia, multiple ulcers, diarrhea, flush, hyperglycemia and skin rash. A prospective study was performed on 84 patients with endocrine pancreatic tumors. In 59 patients (70%) the tumors were malignant. Of the 84 patients, 23 had insulinomas, 25 gastrinomas, 20 nonfunctioning tumors, 14 the WDHA syndrome, 1 somatostatinoma and 1 glucagonoma. The median age at diagnosis was 53 years and the median delay from first symptom to diagnosis was 2 years. The most common site of the pancreatic primary tumor was the tail (41%), and metastases were most frequently located in the liver (60%) and lymph nodes (44%). Plasma chromogranin A + B was elevated in 94%, serum pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in 74%, plasma neurotensin in 67% and serum gastrin in 62%. Serum HCG-alpha and -beta subunits were elevated in 41 and 30% respectively, all except 3 having a verified malignant tumor. The median survival from first symptom and diagnosis was 14.2 and 8.7 years respectively. Patients with MEN-1 had a significantly better survival from diagnosis than sporadic cases (median 15.1 versus 5.8 years). Patients who received interferon after failing chemotherapy had a significantly better survival than those given chemotherapy alone (5-year survival 65 and 50% respectively).

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗