Biomedical subjects

B F Burns

Publications and source records attributed to B F Burns.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1985

The immunohistology of non-T cells in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

The authors employed a panel of monoclonal antibodies to characterize B cells, histiocytes, and natural killer cells in lymph node biopsies obtained from 7 homosexual men with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 5 heterosexual controls. Six of the AIDS patients, each with cutaneous and/or nodal Kaposi's sarcoma, exhibited reactive follicular hyperplasia, as did the 5 controls. The seventh AIDS patient had opportunistic infections and exhibited a lymphocyte depletion pattern in lymph nodes. In AIDS patients, reactive B-cell follicles often exhibited attenuation of their mantle zones. Many were regressively transformed and composed predominantly of dendritic reticulum cells. Occasional germinal center dendritic reticulum cell networks exhibited fragmentation reminiscent of the "follicle lysis" described previously in the persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome. In the 1 AIDS patient with the lymphocyte depletion pattern of lymph node histology, germinal center elements, including dendritic reticulum cells, were totally absent. In all cases, the mononuclear-cell subsets exhibited normal patterns of antigen expression. Quantitative studies, however, revealed a significant increase (P less than or equal to 0.01) in natural killer cells and histiocytes within the paracortical T-cell domain of lymph nodes obtained from patients with AIDS. There was no significant difference in the number of natural killer cells within the mantle or germinal center B-cell domains. While there was no significant difference in the absolute number of paracortical B cells, they were relatively increased due to an absolute decrease in T cells. It is concluded that quantitative alterations in mononuclear-cell subsets in patients with AIDS are not restricted to T cells and that these alterations are microenvironmentally specific.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1984

Lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease: clinical presentation and results of treatment.

The records of 59 patients with lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease (LPHD) evaluated and treated at Stanford University Medical Center between 1963 and 1983 were reviewed. Of these 59 patients, 92% are alive at 10 years following treatment, 78% are relapse-free, and none have died of Hodgkin's disease. Compared with the other histologic subtypes of Hodgkin's disease, LPHD presents more frequently as stage I or II disease (78% vs. 55%) and less frequently with constitutional symptoms (7% vs. 32%). Despite these factors, there is no statistically significant difference in either survival or freedom-from-relapse (FFR) between the histologic subtypes when comparisons are made on a stage-for-stage basis. Analysis of sites of presentation and relapse reveals that LPHD rarely involves intrathoracic structures. Patients with C.S. I disease presenting in inguinofemoral or high cervical lymph nodes do not require staging laparotomy as none of these patients were upstaged by surgery. Patients with stage I disease involving high cervical lymph nodes may be treated with limited field irradiation employing fields no more extensive than a mantle and Waldeyer's ring field, as no relapses have been seen in such patients treated in this fashion. Although limited field irradiation was used successfully for LPHD presenting in other localized sites, inadequate patient numbers preclude assessment of this treatment for those clinical presentations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

Differential diagnostic features of nodular L & H Hodgkin's disease, including progressive transformation of germinal centers.

The histologic features in 171 cases of nodular lymphocyte-predominant (L&H) Hodgkin's disease are presented and the association with an abnormal form of follicular hyperplasia termed "progressively transformed germinal centers" (PTGC) by Lennert is discussed. PTGC may closely resemble the nodules of L&H Hodgkin's disease and in 18% of our cases the two processes coexisted in the same lymph node. In addition, two patients had lymph node biopsies showing PTGC prior to biopsies showing nodular L&H Hodgkin's disease and three patients with histologically proved Hodgkin's disease were found to have PTGC in subsequent lymph node biopsies. Immunologic studies on frozen tissue sections from three cases of nodular L&H Hodgkin's disease showed that the neoplastic nodules contained abundant dendritic reticulum cells and B-lymphocytes with scattered T-lymphocytes. These findings suggest that the association between PTGC and nodular L&H Hodgkin's disease is more than coincidental and that this form of Hodgkin's disease preferentially involves B-cell areas of the lymph node, in contrast to the T-zone distribution in other forms of this disorder.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Langerhans' cell granulomatosis (histiocytosis X) associated with malignant lymphomas.

We present six patients in whom Langerhans' cell granulomatosis (histiocytosis X) was found in lymph nodes also harboring malignant lymphomas: Hodgkin's disease in five and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in one. This brings to 12 the total number of such reported cases. Whether this represents a chance association of the two processes or a peculiar reaction of Langerhans' cells to the lymphoma is unknown. The focal intimate intermingling of the two processes and the inability to identify LCG as an incidential finding in other cancers suggests that this phenomenon may represent a peculiar reaction to the lymphoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Expression of a T-cell antigen (Leu-1) by B-cell lymphomas.

The Leu-1 antigen has been defined by monoclonal antibodies (L17F12, T101, and OKT-1) as a pan-T-cell antigen present on all human peripheral blood T cells and thymocytes. Although originally thought to be confined to T-cell lineage, some cases of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia have been found to react with these antibodies. Using a frozen section immunoperoxidase staining technique, 125 lymphomas with B-cell differentiation were examined for the presence of Leu-1 antigen. Leu-1 antigen was detected in 4 of 11 cases of diffuse small lymphocytic lymphoma (Rappaport's DWDL) and 3 of 4 cases of diffuse intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma. Follicular lymphomas less often expressed this antigen--2 of 29 cases of the small cleaved cell type (Rappaport's NPDL), none of 13 cases of mixed small cleaved and large cell type (Rappaport's NM), and 1 of 6 cases of large cell type (Rappaport's NH). Diffuse lymphomas of presumed follicular center cell origin expressed this antigen infrequently as well--1 of 3 cases of the small cleaved cell type (Rappaport's DPDL), neither of 2 cases of mixed small cleaved and large cell type (Rappaport's DM), and 3 of 43 of large cell type (cleaved/noncleaved) (Rappaport's DH). Diffuse large cell, immunoblastic lymphoma of B-cell type expressed Leu-1 in 1 of 6 cases. None of the 3 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma or of the three small noncleaved non-Burkitt's lymphoma (Rappaport's undifferentiated) expressed detectable Leu-1. B-lymphoblastic lymphoma (1 case) and B-cell unclassified lymphoma (1 case) both failed to express detectable Leu-1. It appears that this pan-T-cell antigen is mainly found on those B-cell lymphomas composed predominantly of small lymphocytes. This finding may be of use in distinguishing extranodal neoplastic collections of small lymphocytes from lymphocytic hyperplasias.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1982

Tumours of the mononuclear phagocyte system: a review of clinical and pathological features.

Cells of the mononuclear-phagocyte system (MPS) may give rise to a wide variety of tumours of diverse morphology ranging from acute leukemia to small benign tumours of the skin. This review of tumours of the MPS was prompted by recent advances in understanding of tumour morphology and immunologic features. It is now possible to differentiate tumours of the MPS mor precisely from tumours of lymphoid origin with which they have often been confused; however, controversy still exists as to the origin of the malignant cell of Hodgkin disease. Current evidence is reviewed which favours the view tht the malignant cell of Hodgkin disease is of monocyte origin. A classification of MPS tumours based on organ system of origin and disease extent is presented.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Blastomycosis in a young African man presenting with a pleural effusion.

Blastomyces dermatitidis is a dimorphic fungus endemic to north-western Ontario, Manitoba and some parts of the United States. The fungus is also endemic to parts of Africa. Pulmonary and extrapulmonary findings of a 24-year-old African man who presented with weight loss, dry cough and chronic pneumonia not resolving with antibiotic treatment are presented. The unusual occurrence of pulmonary blastomycosis associated with skin lesions and a moderate pleural effusion is reported.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrastructural morphometric study of follicular center lymphocytes: I. Nuclear characteristics and the Lukes-Collins' concept.

A combined ultrastructural and morphometric image analysis study was carried out on the nuclear profiles of follicular center and mantle zone lymphocytes of six cases of reactive hyperplasia in human lymph node biopsies. For accuracy of morphological observations and sampling at low magnifications, sections were mounted on formvar-covered slot grids. Measurements of nuclear profile features of small (untransformed) lymphocytes in mantle zones served as the standard for a supposed unimodal population in each case. Analysis of nuclear profile area values indicated that during lymphocyte transformation in follicular centers nuclei had a gradual and progressive increase in size and that the sampled nuclear profiles in both the mantle zone and follicular center were unimodal. Lymphocyte nuclear shape (contour index) was a more complex, and likely biologically independent, feature than nuclear area in both the mantle zone and follicular center. Nuclear profile contour indexes of mantle zone lymphocytes were more irregular than suspected and in some cases had mean values greater than those of follicular center lymphocytes. Furthermore, the frequency distribution of nuclear contour index was not normally distributed in either the follicular center or mantle zone due to the presence of a small proportion of highly irregularly shaped nuclear profiles in both sites. The results indicated that some premises of existing concepts of follicular center cells and the process of lymphocyte transformation in follicular centers were incorrect and should not be directly extrapolated to the nuclear profile characteristics in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Cell Nucleus↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrastructural morphometric study of follicular center lymphocytes: II. Analyses of cleaved-cell populations do not support the Lukes-Collins' concept.

Ultrastructural morphometric analysis was carried out on six cases of lymph node biopsies with reactive hyperplasia to establish the frequency and depth of invaginations in nuclear profiles situated in the mantle zones and follicular centers. The frequency distribution of the depth of invaginations was similar in nuclear profiles whether in the small lymphocytes of mantle zones or the small, partially transformed (centrocytes) and fully transformed (centroblasts) lymphocytes of follicular centers. Invaginated and cleaved lymphocytes were not confined to the partially transformed (centrocytic) lymphocytes of follicular centers, and nuclear profiles with invaginations bore no resemblance to those depicted in the Lukes-Collins model. A considerable proportion of mantle zone lymphocyte nuclear profiles had invaginations (ranging from 7.5% to 53.6%) and there was no difference between the frequency of deep indentations or clefts in mantle zone lymphocytes (8.1 +/- 5.4%) and the small unstimulated (9.3 +/- 5.3%) and partially transformed (8.4 +/- 1.4%) lymphocytes in follicular centers. Computer modeling of stylized nuclei with conical indentations indicated that all lymphocytic nuclei likely have multiple invaginations or groove-like creases.

Cell Nucleus↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of transmembrane 4 superfamily member, CD9, is related to improved progression-free survival in patients with diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Decreased expression of the transmembrane 4 superfamily member, CD9, is associated with poor prognosis in patients with breast or non-small cell lung cancer. The expression of CD9 in lymphoma was examined in this study. Fifty-one sections with diffuse lymphomas were examined. Thirty-seven had low expression and 14 high expression of CD9. At 5 years the progression-free survival rates were 83.3+/-10.8% and 32.8+/-9.2% (p=0.018), and the actual survival were 83.3+/-10.8% and 56.8+/-8.9% (p=0.256) for those with high and low CD9 expression respectively. Decreased expression of CD9 appears to be a prognostic factor for poor survival in patients with diffuse lymphomas.

Actuarial Analysis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration biopsy of Ki-1-positive large-cell "anaplastic" lymphoma.

The cytopathologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of a case of Ki-1-positive lymphoma are presented and discussed. On fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy smears, the Ki-1-positive lymphoma was characterized by large isolated cells with abundant dense/vacuolated cytoplasm and large nuclei with irregular profiles. Although most cells contained one nucleus, binucleated and multilobed/multinucleated cells were also seen. The cohesion of the malignant cells in histologic sections of a biopsied lymph node suggested an anaplastic carcinoma. The discrepancy was resolved by ultrastructural and immunologic analyses. The main differential diagnoses on FNA material include Hodgkin's disease, malignant melanoma and undifferentiated carcinoma; the cytologic suspicion should be confirmed by immunocytochemical studies.

Adult↗