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Biomedical subjects

B Filipović

Publications and source records attributed to B Filipović.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effects of ovariectomy and chronic estradiol administration on pituitary-thyroid axis in adult rats.

The effects of ovariectomy (Ovx) and of ovariectomy followed by chronic estradiol dipropionate administration (Ovx EDP) on the structure and function of the pituitary-thyroid axis were examined in the rat. Pituitary TSH cells and thyroid tissue were histologically, immunohistochemically and stereologically investigated. Serum TSH and T(4) levels were determined by RIA. Ovx did not affect pituitary weight, but subsequent treatment with EDP led to its more than two-fold increase (p<0.05). After ovariectomy, the cellular volume of pituitary TSH-immunoreactive cells increased by 28%, p<0.05 compared to sham-operated animals (SO). Treatment of Ovx rats with EDP partially reversed this change. However, the relative volume density of thyrotrophs decreased in comparison to the Ovx and SO groups (by 18% and 23%, p<0.05, respectively). No statistically significant differences in serum TSH levels were observed between the experimental groups. In thyroid tissue both peripheral and central follicles responded to Ovx and EDP treatments. Compared to SO rats, the relative volume densities of the follicles and colloid were increased (by 14% and 30%, p<0.05, respectively) in Ovx rats. Chronic EDP treatment of Ovx rats reversed these changes to the pre-ovariectomy state. Hyperplasia of thyroid follicular cells and a significant reduction (by 21%, p<0.05) of the serum level of T(4) were detected. In conclusion, estradiol deficiency and chronic treatment affected pituitary TSH cells and thyroid tissue. The sum effect of Ovx on the pituitary-thyroid axis was slightly stimulatory. Subsequent EDP treatment decreased thyroid functioning but at the same time preserved serum TSH at the control level.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Multiple dexamethasone treatment affects morphometric parameters of gonadotrophic cells in adult female rats.

Exposure to glucocorticoids leads to numerous changes in various biological systems including the reproductive system. The aim of the present work was to find out whether dexamethasone (Dx) treatment of adult female rats would influence the histological and morphometric characteristics of the pituitary gonadotrophic cells (luteinizing--LH cells and follicle stimulating--FSH cells). One group of female Wistar rats received Dx injections on three consecutive days in doses 1.0, 0.5 and 0.5 mg/kg b.w. respectively, while the control rats were treated with equivalent volumes of saline. Experimental and control animals were sacrificed 24 h and 72 h after the last injection. The peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) immunocytochemical procedure was used to study the LH and FSH cells. The stereological and morphometric analyses showed that multiple Dx treatments of female rats significantly decreased the volume of LH cells and the volume of their nuclei 24 h and 72 h after the last Dx injection in comparison with control values. At 24 h after Dx treatment, the volume density of LH cells was significantly increased, but at 72 h differences between the experimental and control groups were insignificant. The increase in number of LH cells per unit area (mm2) was significant at both timepoints (24 h and 72 h). Stereologic and morphometric characteristics of FSH cells was changed after Dx treatment in the same manner as that of LH cells, except for the volume density, where a significant increase was established 24 h and 72 h after the last Dx application. These results clearly demonstrate that 24 h and 72 h after the last of three Dx injections there were changes in the immunocytochemical and morphometric features of gonadotrophic cells.

Aging↗
PubMed2005

The effect of chronic calcium treatment on thyroid C cells in ovariectomized rats.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of chronic calcium treatment on the structure and function of thyroid C cells in ovariectomzed adult female rats. Eighteen 3-month-old, female Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The first group was used as the sham-operated control, and the other two were surgically ovariectomized (Ovx). One month after gonadectomy, one group of Ovx rats was injected with 28.55 mg Ca-glucoheptonate (Ca)/kg b.w., while the other two groups were chronically treated with vehicle alone (Ovx and sham control). Two months after surgery, the animals were killed. In the thyroid C cells, calcitonin (CT) was localized with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Stereology was used to evaluate morphometric changes in the volume of C cells, their nuclei and relative volume density. The number of C cells per unit area was calculated. Serum CT content was determined by radioimmunoassay. After chronic Ca treatment C cells were numerous with darker cytoplasm than in C cells of sham-operated control animals, but more degranulated than the corresponding cells of Ovx rats. Their volume was significantly decreased by 14% (p < 0.05), while the number was increased by 47% (p < 0.05) in comparison with corresponding controls. Serum CT concentration was decreased by 27% (n.s.) in comparison to sham-operated control. Calcium treatment of Ovx rats led to a 32% increase of serum CT concentration in relation to untreated Ovx animals. These results suggest that chronic Ca treatment of Ovx female rats positively affected CT release from thyroid C cells, without any significant changes in morphometric parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

The effects of synthetic salmon calcitonin on thyroid C and follicular cells in adult female rats.

Structural and morphometric features of thyroid C and follicular cells were studied in adult rat females after treatment with synthetic salmon calcitonin (CT). The animals were chronically treated with either a low (10 IU/kg b.w) or a high (100 IU/kg b.w) dose of CT. A stereological method was applied to determine the volume density and the number of immunoreactive C cells. The height and volume density of follicular epithelium, colloid, interstitium and the follicles (epithelium plus colloid), as well as the index of activation rate were calculated. A significant decrease in body weight, as well as the volume density of immunoreactive C cells and the number of C cells per mm2, was observed in rats treated with both doses of CT. The height and volume density of follicular epithelium and follicles, as well as the index of activation rate were significantly increased in the animals given the high CT dose, while the volume densities of colloid and interstitium were reduced. No significant changes in the examined morphometric parameters were detected after treatment with the low CT dose. According to these results it can be concluded that the structural features of thyroid C and follicular cells were affected by the high dose CT treatment in the opposite manner, while the low dose CT treatment influenced only C cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Chronic exposure to constant light affects morphology and secretion of adrenal zona fasciculata cells in female rats.

The effect of chronic exposure to light of adult Wistar rats on growth and function of adrenal zona glomerulosa (ZG) and zona fasciculata (ZF) were examined. The females were exposed to continuous light of 600 lux for 95 days, starting on day 30 of age. The controls were kept under a 12:12 h light-dark cycle, at ambient temperature. The rats were sacrificed by decapitation and the left adrenal gland of each animal was dissected out and prepared for morphometric analyses. In animals exposed to chronic lighting, the absolute and relative volume of ZG were insignificantly increased by 5% (p>0.05) compared to controls. The volume of ZG cells and their nuclei were insignificantly changed by 1% (p>0.05) in comparison with corresponding controls. The absolute and relative volume of ZF were significantly increased (by 14 and 9%, respectively; p<0.05), as compared to controls. The volume of ZF cells and their nuclei were significantly increased (by 12 and 9%, respectively; p<0.05). Serum concentration of corticosterone was also significantly (p<0.05) increased by 13% in light-exposed group in comparison with control rats. These findings suggest that continuous exposure of female rats to constant light increased growth and secretory activity of ZF cells.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed2004

Chronic somatostatin treatment affects pituitary gonadotrophs, ovaries and onset of puberty in rats.

The effects of chronic somatostatin (SRIH-14) treatment on the pituitary gonadotrophs (FSH and LH cells) and ovaries of female Wistar rats were examined. Females were given 20 microg/100 g b.w. twice per day from the immature (23rd day) till the adult period of life (71st day). The onset of puberty was determined by daily examination for vaginal opening. The peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical procedure was used to study the gonadotrophs. Changes in the number per unit area (mm2), cell volume and volume densities of LH- and FSH-immunoreactive cells were evaluated by morphometry and stereology. Ovaries were analysed by simple point counting of follicles and corpora lutea (CL). Follicles were divided by size according to the classification of Gaytán and Osman. The mitotic indexes of granulosa and theca cells in the follicles were estimated at all stages of folliculogenesis. The number, volume and the volume density of FSH- and LH-immunoreactive cells decreased after chronic SRIH-14 treatment, particularly the latter. In the ovary, SRIH-14 treatment decreased the number of healthy follicles at all phases of folliculogenesis, lowered the mitotic indexes of granulosa and theca cells but increased the number of atretic follicles. Healthy CL were fewer in number, while regressive CL were increased. Vaginal opening occurred at a later age in treated females. It can be concluded that chronic SRIH-14 treatment markedly inhibited LH cells and to a lesser extent FSH cells. In the ovary SRIH-14 inhibited folliculogenesis, enhanced atretic processes and lowered proliferative activity of granulosa and theca cells. It also delayed puberty onset.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Centrally applied somatostatin influences morphology of pituitary FSH cells but not FSH release.

Effects of i.c.v. administered somatostatins on morphology and function of pituitary FSH cells were examined in adult male Wistar rats. The animals were given three 1 microg doses of SRIH-14 or SRIH-28 in 5 microl saline every second day. Controls were given the same volume of saline only. Both SRIH treatments lead to a significant decrease in absolute pituitary weight and volume of FSH cells in comparison with controls. Relative pituitary weight was significantly decreased only after SRIH-28 treatments, while FSH secretion was insignificantly decreased by both SRIH treatments. Our results indicate that i.c.v. applied somatostatins have significant inhibitory effect on absolute pituitary weight and on the volume of FSH cells, without affecting the hormone secretion in male rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

The thyroid C cells of ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol.

The structure and function of thyroid C cells were studied in ovariectomized (Ovx) adult female rats without and after chronic treatment with estradiol dipropionate (EDP). A peroxidase-antiperoxidase method was applied for localization of calcitonin (CT) in the C cells. Morphometric changes in their volume, nuclei, and relative volume density were evaluated in comparison with sham-operated control rats using a stereological method. The number of C cells was calculated. CT content in the sera was determined by radioimmunoassay. Ovariectomy (Ovx) led to a 21% increase in body weight ( P<0.005), while treatment of Ovx rats with EDP decreased body weight by 25% ( P<0.01). The immunoreactivity for CT in C cells of the Ovx rats was markedly increased. Significant decreases in the volume of C cells (by 13%; P<0.05) and serum CT (by 45%) were recorded, while the C cell number increased by 59% ( P<0.05) in relation to the corresponding controls. The treatment of Ovx rats with EDP caused conspicuous degranulation of the C cells. The cellular volume was increased by 11% and serum CT by 36% in comparison with Ovx animals. At the same time a decrease in C cell number by 29% ( P<0.05) was evident. It may be concluded that estradiol deficiency after Ovx reduced the synthesis and release of CT, while chronic treatment of these animals with EDP had a positive effect on the secretory activity of thyroid C cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Comparative post-mortem study of cavum septi pellucidi in alcoholics, schizophrenics and aggressive persons.

The appearance of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) has been already connected with developmental disorders or with serious psychiatric diseases (schizophrenia, maniac-depressive disorder, aggressiveness or similar). During our investigation of CSP, group of alcoholics seemed to be interesting for investigation and comparison with the groups of schizophrenics and people with violent behavior. We obtained CSP in 205 out of 670 fixed brains (429 male and 241 female) of persons aged from 14 to 89 (mean +/- SD: 53.28 +/- 16.57), 85 cava belonged to our group of interest. Prevalence of CSP in aforementioned groups was significantly higher than in the rest of examined population. Only in the group of 20 to 39 years of age all kinds of obtained pathologies were present. Alcoholics with CSP suffered from cardiovascular diseases and died accidentally and aggressive persons were the only drug addicts in our examined group and they had the shortest life span. 34 out of 41 schizophrenics had no data about prior diseases and disorders and they were the ones who committed suicide frequently. Intensive demyelinization of corpus callosum and transformation of potential space between laminae of septum pellucidum to the actual one could explain the CSP appearance among alcoholics. To our opinion, cavum septi pellucidi might be used as an additional marker of organic brain changes in long term alcohol abuse, as a consequence of demyelinization due to lipolytic effect of ethanol, and lower cerebral blood flow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Pancreatic resection and hypothermic peritoneal irrigation in the treatment of patients with necrotizing pancreatitis].

Mortality of non-operated patients suffering from necrotizing pancreatitis is very high, while at those operated is considerably less but not satisfactory. Because of in 1976 we have managed our own modified treatment which includes surgical removal of all necrotic tissue followed by the hypothermic continuous peritoneal lavage-drainage procedure for evacuation of residual devitalized dead tissue and elimination biologically active substances. Using this curative method, we succeeded to reduce mortality rate to 26 percent.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

HLA-A, B and DR antigens in patients with gonadal dysgenesis.

HLA (human leukocyte antigens) antigens A, B, and DR were determined in a series of 50 patients with gonadal dysgenesis (GD), separated into different groups according to karyotype. There were no significant differences in frequency of HLA antigen types between GD patients and the population control. When frequencies of the HLA antigens in the various GD patient groups by karyotype were compared, only one significant difference was found: HLA-A3 was more common among GD patients with isochromosome X than among GD patients with karyotype 45,X (p < 0.001, corr. p < 0.008). Although GD patients have a higher expectancy for development of autoimmune disorders, and in our 50 patients thyroglobulin and/or microsomal antibodies were detected in 20 (i.e., 40%), we failed to find any increased frequency of specific HLA antigen types known to be associated with juvenile autoimmune thyroiditis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Thyroid diseases in a school population with thyromegaly.

A survey of 5462 schoolchildren was conducted for signs of thyroid disease in the seaside region of Sibenik, Croatia. In this region, salt is regularly iodised with 0.01% potassium iodide. Thyromegaly was found in 152 children (2.8%). The most common disorder was simple goitre, which was established in 126 of these, 12 boys and 114 girls (combined prevalence of 2.3%, and of 0.45% in boys and 4.07% in girls). Juvenile autoimmune thyroiditis was found in 19 of the children (prevalence 0.35%), with a female:male sex ratio of 8:1. Diagnosis was confirmed in all cases by fine needle biopsy. Thyroglobulin antibodies were detected in all 19 of the patients with juvenile autoimmune thyroiditis, but microsomal antibodies in only eight. Three patients had decreased concentrations of thyroxine and raised concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), one of these also with clinical hypothyroidism. Raised concentrations of TSH but with normal triiodothyronine and thyroxine were seen in two patients. Graves' disease was diagnosed in four children, three girls and one boy (combined 0.07%). Thyroid nodules were identified in three children (0.055%; two benign adenomas and one cyst). Only seven of the 152 patients with thyromegaly (three with hyperthyroidism and four with simple goitre) had previously sought medical advice, which points to the need for careful thyroid examination of apparently healthy children even in regions where the regular iodide intake is assumed to be sufficient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Complications of hydatid disease].

... Echinococcosis still persist as a problem in our surgical experience based on well known operative method. The difficulty that we have here has to do with a fact that our patients ask for doctor treatment in enlarging cystic from or with present complications such as rupture of hydatid cyst as the bile duct and 3 bronchobiliary fistula that we took care of in our surgical department. According to statistic informations appearance of echinococcosis complications is more often in our experience than others we find in the world statistics.

Echinococcosis↗
PubMed1989

The oculomotor nuclear complex in humans. Microanatomy and clinical significance.

The oculomotor nuclear complex was examined in 12 serially sectioned midbrains. The complex comprised the somatic portion (formed by the multipolar motor neurons), and the parasympathetic portion (formed by the oval or fusiform preganglionic cells) on each side of the midbrain's raphe. The somatic portion consisted of the lateral somatic cell column and the caudal central nucleus. The somatic column measured from 0.2 x 0.1 mm to 3.4 x 1.4 mm (mean = 2.4 x 1.2 mm) in transverse sections. It was divided into the principal, intrafascicular and extrafascicular parts. The principal part was subdivided into the dorsal, intermediate and ventral portions. Neurons within the column were multipolar, with pale nucleus, prominent Nissl bodies, and 1-7 processes. The number of motor neurons in the entire column ranged from 1 to 209 per section. The diameter of neurons was 40 x 26 microns on the average. The authors also revealed the isolated multipolar neurons in the periaqueductal gray, the interstitial nucleus of Cajal, the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, and the fibre bundles of the oculomotor nerve. These cells most likely represent the displaced motor neurons of the oculomotor nerve. The caudal central nucleus was 0.8 x 0.6 mm in size, and it contained 12-58 neurons. These multipolar neurons measured 35 x 22 microns in size. The parasympathetic Edinger-Westphal nucleus usually consisted of the rostral, ventral and dorsal parts, which contained from 8 to 283 neurons per section. The longest rostrocaudal diameter of this nucleus measured 7.1 mm. The oval or fusiform neurons contained bands of the congregated Nissl bodies. The neurons measured 34 x 17 microns in size. The authors discussed the clinical significance of the obtained anatomical data, i.e. the neurologic signs following complete or partial lesions of the oculomotor nuclear complex.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Infantile cortical hyperostosis associated with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.

A case report of an infant with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and clinical and radiological features of infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey disease) is presented. This is the third case described of the association of these two rare disorders and gives further support to the role of an immunologic defect in the pathogenesis of infantile cortical hyperostosis.

Bone and Bones↗