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Biomedical subjects

B Fraioli

Publications and source records attributed to B Fraioli.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Chemical meningitis: unusual presentation of a cerebellar astrocytoma: case report and review of the literature.

Chemical meningitis resulting from the spillage of the contents of a cystic tumor rarely constitutes the sole manifestation of a cranial or spinal tumor. The case of a man who initially had signs and symptoms of meningitis that on computed tomographic scan was shown to be a space-occupying cerebellar lesion is reported. Thirty-five cases of cranial and spinal tumors in which the presenting symptom was chemical meningitis are also reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Intracranial arterial aneurysms in early childhood.

Cerebral saccular aneurysms are rare in early childhood. Seventy-one cases in children under 5 years of age found in the literature, plus one case of our own, are analyzed. In early childhood these aneurysms seem to have features that distinguish them from the same variety in adults. In children a congenital pathogenesis appears more convincing because of the higher frequency in the first 2 years of life, the often peripheral site (41.6%), the high frequency of large (50%) or giant (26.8%) aneurysms, and the association with other cerebral and vascular congenital abnormalities. Onset was nonhemorrhagic in 18.1% of cases compared with 2.5% in adults. The surgical outcome seems better in children than in adult patients in terms of both morbidity and mortality.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1987

Results of surgical management of 319 pituitary adenomas.

Of the 510 patients with pituitary adenoma treated surgically at our hospital in the period 1956-1984 319 were treated by the microsurgical technique, in the period 1973-1984, 235 by transsphenoidal approach and 84 by subfrontal-pterional approach. The transsphenoidal route was used almost exclusively in microadenomas, in intrasellar adenomas, in suprasellar adenomas with midline development, in adenomas invading the sphenoidal sinus and in haemorrhagic adenomas with considerable suprasellar development. In some giant adenomas the transsphenoidal route was used in a first stage operation for debulking the tumour, later removed by transcranial route. The latter route was preferred in large adenomas and especially in adenomas with laterosellar development. In some patients with PRL secreting adenomas post-operative treatment with bromocriptine proved useful when the hormone levels failed to normalize. Post-operative radiotherapy was of value in invasive adenomas and in cases in which tumour removal was not radical.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Association between intracranial aneurysms and pituitary adenomas. AEtiopathogenetic hypotheses.

Of 144 cases of pituitary adenoma operated on in the period 1981-1985, 53 underwent angiography and two of these had an associated intracranial aneurysm. The aetiological hypotheses are viewed in the light of these two cases and of the 60 published cases of this association. The most convincing hypotheses involve mechanical, microcirculatory and hormonal factors. On the hormonal front, GH seems to have a predisposing influence on intracranial aneurysm formation.

Adenoma, Acidophil↗
PubMed1987

Neurophysiologic assessment of trigeminal function after surgery for trigeminal neuralgia.

To assess the function of the three trigeminal divisions, we studied corneal reflex, early and late blink reflexes, early and late masseter silent periods, and jaw jerk in normal subjects and in 35 patients submitted to surgery for trigeminal neuralgia. The corneal reflex was most sensitive to thermocoagulation and the jaw jerk to microcompression; the other reflexes showed an intermediate behavior, depending on afferent fiber size. Trigeminal function was less impaired after microcompression and recovered earlier than after thermocoagulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Intrasellar tuberculoma: case report.

We report a unique case of exclusively intrasellar tuberculoma. The patient was operated on by the transsphenoidal approach, which allowed total removal of the lesion and prevented cerebrospinal fluid contamination. After histological diagnosis, the patient was treated with isoniazid, 300 mg daily for 3 months, as prophylaxis against tuberculous meningitis.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Haemangioblastomas of the posterior cranial fossa.

The clinical features, diagnostic and surgical aspects of haemangioblastoma of the posterior cranial fossa are discussed in the light of a series of 61 personal cases and the published data. CT and vertebral angiography are compared as diagnostic tools. With the aid of microsurgery even haemangioblastomas of the brainstem and fourth ventricle can be removed successfully.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Pituitary adenomas with onset during puberty. Features and treatment.

From a series of 207 patients with pituitary adenoma operated on by microsurgical technique from 1973 to February, 1982, the cases of nine young people whose symptoms had appeared between the ages of 11 and 15 years are presented. The most important data are that all the children were pubertal and that in seven the tumor was, or later became, invasive. By contrast, the tumor was enclosed in eight of nine other patients whose symptoms manifested between the ages of 16 and 20 years, and in 152 of the remaining 189 patients whose symptoms appeared after the age of 20 years. Considering the gravity of the disease treated, the results in this series may be termed encouraging. The treatment was multidisciplinary: starting with surgery, followed by radiotherapy, endocrine replacement therapy, and, in adenomas secreting prolactin and/or growth hormone, medical therapy with bromocriptine. The divergence between authors on the subject of childhood adenomas, especially as to whether they are more often invasive or enclosed, could be overcome, at least in part, if the term "pediatric age" were unequivocally defined and if there were an agreed distinction between puberty and childhood on the one hand and puberty and adolescence on the other.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

[Trigeminal neuralgia. Classical clinical and therapeutic aspects. Advantages of a modern method: controlled differential heat coagulation].

The main clinical aspects of essential trigeminal neuralgia are reported and traditional medical and surgical therapy reviewed. Results obtained in 114 patients treated with a modern method, controlled differential thermocoagulation, are then analysed. This consists of percutaneous infiltration of Gasser's ganglion and/or retrogasserian roots and in causing thermolesions by means of radiofrequency, i.e. using constantly controlled and steadily increasing temperatures which selectively damage the finer painful facial fibres without affecting the more resistant tactile fibres. While the principal advantage of this method lies in the elimination of pain with partial saving of facial tactile sensitivity, other practical advantages are of no less importance: these include the fact that the method is so harmless that all patients, even those of advanced age, could leave hospital at the latest one day after treatment.

Basal Ganglia↗
PubMed1979

Modern trends in surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

From 1955 to July 1978, 560 patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia, who had not responded to medical treatment underwent various alternative procedures. Considering some of these to be out of date, some as showing too high a number of relapses and some as having potentially unjustified risks in an affection in itself not fatal, the authors report only the results observed in a series of 175 patients operated on by retrogasserian rhizotomy according to Frazier (1931), and the results of a series of 184 patients treated by controlled thermocoagulation according to Sweet and Wepsic (1974).

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Selective partial posterior radiculotomy in the therapy of spasticity].

Report on the immediate and late results obtained in the period from January 1973 to December 1976 in a series of 44 patients suffering from a spastic syndrome who were operated on by selective partial lumbar radiculotomy. The intervention which mainly consisted of a partial separation of the individual radiculae of the posterior lumbar and first sacral roots was followed by a distinct improvement of the clinical picture in 30 patients without observing aneurlogical, especially sensitive deficit or immediate or later complications. The indication for this intervention is established together with the other specialists concerned with the care and the rehabilitation of the patient. Only such patients are selected in whom the spasticity is not useful and who still can carry their body-weight. No operation is in particular carried out in the presence of considerable paresis of the extensors and in patients who have for a long time been able to walk and stand. Favourable results can be expected in para-tetraspasticity and in patients who, when standing with support, show equinism, hyperadduction or crossing of the legs, hyperextension and internal rotation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Neurosurgical treatment of spasticity and dyskinesias.

122 Patients suffering from spasticity and/or dyskinesias underwent a total of 171 operations: 88 stereotactic dentatolyses, 24 posterior partial rootlet section D12-S1 or L1-S1, 16 posterior partial root section D12-S1 or L1-S1, 16 posterior cervical rhizotomies, 21 stereotactic pulvinolyses, 6 stereotactic associated V.L. thalamolysis and pulvinolysis. Results and indications are discussed.

Cerebellar Nuclei↗
PubMed1977

Posterior partial rootlet section in the treatment of spasticity.

Twenty-six patients were operated on using a techinal modification of Förster's method of treating spasticity, which consists of a partial section of the roolets constituting the posterior roots. Many patients had mild cerebral spastic quadriplegia or spastic diplegia: several of them were nearly independent when standing or walking, and two of them completely independent. The spastic disorders that were not made worse by voluntary movements were reduced or abolished in all but one patient, in whom rootlet section was insufficient. The spastic disorders that were made worse by voluntary movements were only partially reduced; after operation they were scarcely evident or absent in a static position, but evident during voluntary movements. No improvement was observed in one patient who suffered from spastic disorders that were evident only during voluntary movements, or in one patient suffering from dystonia. The procedure caused no sensory disorders. The operation was especially useful in patients who were acquiring or had already acquired independence when standing or walking.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Effects of stereotactic lesions of the pulvinar and lateralis posterior nucleus on intractable pain and dyskinetic syndromes of man.

In a series of 18 patients suffering from intractable pain or different types of dyskinetic syndromes, 28 stereotactic lesions of the pulvinar, associated with six lesions of the laterlis posterior nucleus, have been performed. The evaluation of long-term results in intractable pain reduces the therapeutic benefit of the stereotactic pulvinolysis. Concerning dyskinetic syndromes, the pulvinar does not seem to play an important role in spasticity, while its role in other dyskinetic syndromes can be questionable.

Adolescent↗