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Biomedical subjects

B Frauchiger

Publications and source records attributed to B Frauchiger.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Simultaneous surgical and technical catheter revascularization of the lower extremity].

Intraoperative balloon angioplasty was performed on 17 patients and 19 arteries undergoing a concomitant vascular reconstructive procedure during the past 24 months. All angioplasties were performed with the aid of digital substraction angiography (DSA) in the operating room. The primary purpose of intraoperative angioplasty was mainly to increase outflow (18) or inflow (1) in conjunction with a planned vascular procedure. Dilatation obviated the need of more extensive vascular reconstruction in these elderly patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Late sequelae of deep venous thrombosis: a 13-year follow-up of 223 patients].

To investigate late sequelae of deep vein thrombosis, 223 consecutive patients, 148 men, 75 women, aged 61.5 +/- 14.7 years, with phlebographically documented unilateral deep vein thrombosis were reexamined 13 years after the acute event. 29 had an isolated calf vein thrombosis, 45 a 2-level- (calf an popliteal), 72 a 3-level- (calf, popliteal and femoral), 62 a 4-level- (calf, popliteal, femoral and pelvic) thrombosis and 15 had a special location, for example an isolated popliteal or pelvic involvement. In the acute stage all patients were given full dose heparin followed by a six month period of oral anticoagulation. 144 were initially treated by thrombolytic treatment with streptokinase. Control phlebography 5-14 days after the onset of the treatment revealed no clearance in a so called negative group of 123 patients, aged 63.5 +/- 14.9 years, namely the 79 "only" anticoagulated and 44 unsuccessfully thrombolysed. In this negative group natural course of deep vein thrombosis can be studied. The positive group, comprising 100 patients, aged 59.4 +/- 13.9 years (25 with complete and 75 with partial lysis, after streptokinase), is compared with the negative group. The global incidence of postthrombotic syndrome in the natural course, 13 years after deep vein thrombosis, was 39%, 9.8% with and 29.2% without ulcer. Slight changes were noted in 25% and no change in 36%. The incidence of postthrombotic syndrome was correlated with the extent of the original thrombosis: 3.7% after isolated calf vein thrombosis vs. 55.2% after 4-level thrombosis. Moreover, the mortality after deep vein thrombosis and the frequency of recurrence in the interval and of venous symptoms were also correlated to the extent of the thrombosis. The incidence of post phlebitic syndrome in the positive group is significantly lower in patients with 3- and 4-level thrombosis (p = 0.01). Patients with complete and partial lysis also have less venous symptoms (for 3- and 4-level thrombosis p < 0.0001). Thus, the successful thrombolysis seems to be beneficial in long terms for patients with extended thrombosis. Therefore, in our hospital thrombolytic treatment is offered as an additional treatment to anticoagulation to patients with recent, less than 7 days old, 3- and 4-level-thrombosis without contraindications.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Aneurysma spurium following arterial catheterization: diagnosis and follow-up].

Pseudoaneurysm (PA) formation is one possible complication after intra-arterial catheterisation. Due to danger of rupture PA must be clearly differentiated from haematoma. PA is an arterially perfused cavity near the puncture site with direct communication with the femoral artery. Its clinical diagnosis is unreliable. We systematically reviewed 628 patients who had undergone femoral catheterisation (for angiography, PTA, local thrombolysis or aspiration) over a period of 1 year. Duplex scanning was performed within 1 to 3 days after puncture in the cases with the slightest suspicion of PA. In 7 patients (1.1%) PA could be confirmed (2 after angiography, 3 after PTA and 2 after local lysis). On the ultrasound B-mode image PA appears as a low or anechoic structure which can be precisely measured. With pulsed (colour) Doppler, flow can be detected within a PA, allowing easy differentiation from thrombosed PA or from haematoma. The velocity of the systolic inflow-jet as well as of the diastolic outflow can be determined. The velocity of the inflow-jet will usually be much higher than the blood flow velocity in the femoral artery. Duplex-scanning allows repeated non-invasive follow-up examinations for better determination of indications for surgery. Of the 7 diagnosed PA, 2 needed prompt operation (1 because of rupture, 1 because of intense local pain). One patient required operation during follow-up because of increase in size of PA. In the remaining 4 patients, spontaneous thrombosis was observed with repeated duplex examinations.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Spontaneous dissection and stenosis of the vertebral artery].

The case of a 21-year-old female patient with neck pain and brain stem symptomatology after appendectomy is reported. Duplex sonographic findings were compatible with right vertebral artery dissection and occlusion of the vessel. Angiography confirmed the diagnosis. The patient recovered within weeks and was free of symptoms 6 months after the acute episode. Dissection of the vertebral artery can occur with or without minor trauma. Associations with fibromuscular dysplasia, arterial hypertension and the use of oral contraceptives have been reported. As in our own patient, dissection can appear without any vessel pathology or risk situation. The most dangerous complication of the disease is rupture of the adventitia with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Without this complication, prognosis of vertebral artery dissection is favourable with complete recovery within weeks. Clinical findings, diagnostic procedure and therapy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Assessment of the leg veins using duplex ultrasonography].

Duplex scanning, first used for the investigation of arterial diseases, is characterized by the combination of B-Mode ultrasound and spectral analysis or color imaging of PW-Doppler signals. This provides information on both the morphology of the vessel and the corresponding hemodynamics. Compared to the conventional noninvasive techniques in phlebology such as plethysmography and CW-Doppler its major advantage is the additional morphologic information. Until now this anatomical information was only available by invasive phlebography. This technique, however, gives only limited informations on hemodynamics. Using an appropriate technique of duplex scanning, the deep veins from the calf to V. cava as well as the superficial veins and the perforators can be examined. In the hand of a skilled investigator deep vein thrombosis can be diagnosed with accuracy. Compared to the gold standard phlebography sensitivity and specificity are high: 96% and 99% resp. The duplex technique is also very reliable in differentiating the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis: Baker's cysts, hematomas and tumors usually are easily detected by B-scan. Investigation of chronic venous insufficiency is also possible by duplex-scanning. Imaging of the veins and pulsed Doppler analysis allows to determine whether the reflux is in the deep or superficial system. On a more scientific field duplex allows the precise noninvasive determination of hemodynamic parameters. Thus it is possible to measure physiologic venous hemodynamics and to quantify drug effectiveness. Duplex sonography holds a key position in the phlebological diagnostic procedure. This new technique causes no harm to the patient and important information is obtained at relative low costs.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1990

[Conservative therapy of peripheral arterial occlusive disease].

Strict control of risk factors and walking exercise are the basics to any medical treatment of arterial obstructive disease of the extremities. The benefit of platelet-aggregation inhibitors is well established. Acetylsalicylic acid slows the progression of recurrence of thrombotic occlusion after endarterectomy or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in the femoral blood stream. Long-term oral anticoagulants are indicated after bypass surgery. Prostaglandin E1 and high-energy phosphates are of proven benefit in patients with pain at rest. Vasoactive drugs such as Dipyridamole are still controversial.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1989

[Febrile status].

We report the case of a 55-year-old woman with intermittent fever of unknown origin of several weeks duration. The past medical history was uneventful, as was the review of systems. After an extensive work-up, which did not produce the cause of the fever, the patient developed abdominal pains with signs of sub-ileus. In further examinations, a large stenotic carcinoma of the colon was found.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnosis of lung embolism. Prospective study].

In a prospective study over the years 1983-1985, 300 cases of acute pulmonary embolism were analyzed in relation to predisposing factors, clinical signs, arterial blood gas analysis and isotope perfusion scanning. Comparison of this prospective study with an earlier retrospective one showed similar results, with the exception of isotope scanning, an investigation which has gained increasing diagnostic reliability (highly suggestive results in 94% of patients with massive pulmonary embolism and in 64% with submassive pulmonary embolism). In two thirds of the cases the diagnosis was established during the first day after hospitalisation. In 10% of the patients pulmonary embolism occurred despite anticoagulant therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical aspects of cytomegalovirus infection in nonimmunosuppressed adults].

The histological changes in cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection were first described by RIBBERT in 1881, and for years the virus was dreaded as the agent of infection in newborns. An infectious mononucleosis-like disease with negative heterophil antibodies in otherwise healthy adults was described in 1965. We present six previously healthy adults with CMV mononucleosis observed in 1984. The diagnosis was established by CMV-IgM-ELISA. All patients were febrile for an average of 20 days. The general state of health was reduced in three patients; one patient suffered from headache and another from abdominal pain. Physical examination showed splenomegaly and mild tonsillitis in one patient each, but in no case lymphadenopathy. All patients had lymhocytosis with reactive forms (virocytes). Elevation of transaminases was seen in four cases. Compared to Epstein-Barr virus mononucleosis, fever in CMV mononucleosis lasts significantly longer and lymphadenopathy is evidently rarer. The combination of fever of unknown origin, a negative heterophil antibody titer and the presence of virocytes prompts suspicion of CMV mononucleosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Transfusion-associated LAV/HTLV-III infections in Switzerland. Report of 2 cases].

Two patients developed signs of LAV/HTLV-III infection one and two years respectively after a blood transfusion. The leading symptom in one patient was generalized lymphadenopathy, while the other patient presented with Candida stomatitis. In both cases, blood transfusions administered in 1983 were found to be the only possible source of infection; one blood donor of each patient was anti-LAV/HTLV-III positive. Family members and sexual partners of the two were negative for antibodies against LAV/HTLV-III. Our findings document the first two cases of LAV/HTLV-III associated disease most probably related to blood transfusions in Switzerland.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnostic problems in acute pulmonary embolism].

In a retrospective study over the years 1978-1982, 729 cases of acute pulmonary embolism were analyzed in relation to history, clinical signs and laboratory findings and the results compared with the findings of the urokinase pulmonary embolism trial. As far as history and clinical symptoms were concerned, breathlessness, chest pain, tachypnea, tachycardia and cyanosis were the dominating features. Among laboratory tests, the radiological and electrocardiographic findings of pulmonary hypertension were of little value. In contrast, arterial hypoxemia and isotope scanning provided the most reliable diagnostic information. The most frequent problem in differential diagnosis was acute myocardial infarction.

Acute Disease↗