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Biomedical subjects

B Frigerio

Publications and source records attributed to B Frigerio.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Cytogenetic analysis reveals clonal proliferation of smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic plaques.

Cytogenetic analysis of primary cell cultures from human atherosclerotic fibrous plaques revealed clonal chromosome abnormalities in 13 of the 18 cases studied. Loss of the Y chromosome and del(13)(q14) were present as single clonal abnormalities in eight cases; in five cases separate clones were found involving loss of the Y and a XXY karyotype, trisomy 10 and 18, loss of the Y and trisomy 7. A variety of single numerical and structural abnormalities were present in all but two of the 18 cases. Immunocytochemical studies were performed on cells from the same cultures used for cytogenetic analysis using monoclonal antibodies to human leucocyte common antigen, to human vimentin and to muscle actin. The immunoreactivity was positive for actin in 70-80% of the cells; 100% of the cells were positive for vimentin and all cells were ALC negative. These results indicated that the chromosomal abnormalities are present in the smooth muscle cells of the plaque. The hypothesis is proposed that the proliferation leading to the atherosclerotic lesion may primarily represent a hyperplastic response to mechanical and biological injuries and that this reactive proliferation is, in turn, associated with a tendency to chromosome instability.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Ductal cancers of the pancreas frequently express markers of gastrointestinal epithelial cells.

It has been found by immunohistochemical staining that antigens normally found in gastric and/or intestinal epithelial cells are expressed in most differentiated duct cell carcinomas of the pancreas. Among 88 such tumors, 93% and 92%, respectively, expressed M1 and cathepsin E, markers of gastric surface-foveolar epithelial cells, 51% expressed pepsinogen II, a marker of gastroduodenal mucopeptic cells, 48% expressed CAR-5, a marker of colorectal epithelial cells, and 35% expressed M3SI, a marker of small intestinal goblet cells. Most of the tumors also expressed normal pancreatic duct antigens; 97% expressed DU-PAN-2, and 59% expressed N-terminus gastrin-releasing peptide. In agreement with these findings, electron microscopy revealed malignant cells with fine structural features of gastric foveolar cells, gastric mucopeptic cells, intestinal goblet cells, intestinal columnar cells, pancreatic duct epithelial cells, and cells with features of more than one cell type. Normal pancreatic duct epithelium did not express any marker of gastrointestinal epithelial cells, whereas such benign lesions as mucinous cell hypertrophy and papillary hyperplasia commonly expressed gut-type antigens but rarely expressed pancreatic duct cell markers. By contrast, lesions characterized by atypical papillary hyperplasia commonly expressed both gastric and pancreatic duct cell markers. Metaplastic pyloric-type glands expressed pepsinogen II and, except for their expression of cathepsin E, were indistinguishable from normal pyloric glands. In marked contrast, the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of 14 ductuloacinar cell tumors were those of cells lining terminal ductules, centroacinar cells, and/or acinar cells; none expressed any gut-type antigen. The results indicate that gastrointestinal differentiation is common in both benign and malignant lesions of pancreatic duct epithelium and suggest that duct cell carcinomas are histogenetically related to gastric- and intestinal-type metaplastic changes of epithelial cells lining the main and interlobular ducts of the pancreas.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Histopathology, cytology and cytochemistry of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas including chemodectomas.

The results of histopathological, histochemical and ultrastructural investigations on pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas have been reported. These results allowed the functional identification of the cell types composing many of such tumours. Moreover, comparison of these data with clinico-pathologic findings outlined the advantages and limits of cytologic studies for understanding the natural history of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas and improving our diagnostic and prognostic criteria.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of four main cell types in gastric cancer: foveolar, mucopeptic, intestinal columnar and goblet cells. An histopathologic, histochemical and ultrastructural study of "early" and "advanced" tumours.

Gastrectomy specimens of 148 gastric cancers, 40 of them being intramucosal or microinvasive, 27 penetrating the submucosa and 81 invading the muscularis propria, with or without involvement of the serosa and perigastric tissues, have been investigated with conventional histopathologic techniques, mucin histochemistry and electron microscopy to characterize the various lines of tumour cell differentiation and to correlate these with the histologic patterns of tumour growth. More or less differentiated intestinal columnar, intestinal goblet, gastric foveolar or mucopeptic cells were recognized in most tumours, of glandular, diffuse or mucoid type. Although simultaneous expression of more than one cell type into the same tumour occurred very frequently, intestinal columnar cells were more prominent in tubular adenocarcinomas, goblet cells (especially of colorectal type) in mucoid cancers, mucopeptic cells in diffuse cancers of invasive desmoplastic type and foveolar cells in diffuse cancers of intramucosal signet-ring cell type. In general, an increased tendency to foveolar cell differentiation and a reduced tendency to mucopeptic differentiation has been found in intramucosal cancers as compared to invasive cancers. It is concluded that the type of tumour cell differentiation, which might have some influence on the natural history of gastric cancer, is better related with more defined tumour subtypes than with the usually recognized glandular or diffuse patterns.

Gastric Mucosa↗
PubMed1985

Multifocal Purkinje-like tumor of the heart. Occurrence with other anatomic abnormalities in the atrioventricular junction of an infant with junctional tachycardia, Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome, and sudden death.

A 13-month-old boy with intermittent preexcitation (Lown-Ganong-Levine type) and paroxysmal tachycardias of 280 to 300 beats per minute died suddenly with cardiac arrest. At necropsy the only abnormalities were in the heart. There were multifocal Purkinje cell tumors in the conduction system, including one directly at the bifurcation of the His bundle. In addition, a fault in the central fibrous body was filled with an accessory communication between the mid-portion of the atrioventricular node and both the interventricular septum and the His bundle. This accessory communication connected with the Purkinje cell tumor. Although an atrioventricular nodal bypass was thus present and could account for the preexcitation and for reentrant tachycardias, there is also the anatomic basis for an automatic arrhythmia originating within one or more of the Purkinje cell tumors, particularly the one directly within the His bundle. Dispersion of elements of the conduction system within the central fibrous body resembled the normal fetal pattern. Whether this persistence of fetal dispersion of the atrioventricular node and His bundle within the central fibrous body is causally related to the presence of multifocal Purkinje cell tumors or is only coincidence merits further consideration.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1985

Small-cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the endometrium.

We report a case of small-cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the endometrium in a 59-year-old woman. The tumor was confined to a portion of an adenomatous polyp. It exhibited argyrophilia with Grimelius' stain and dense-core endocrine-type granules by electron microscopy. The patient was alive and well one year later. To our knowledge, this is the fourth reported case of a small-cell carcinoma of the endometrium exhibiting endocrine differentiation.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1984

Gastric parietal cell carcinoma--a newly recognized entity: light microscopic and ultrastructural features.

Three cases of gastric parietal cell carcinoma are described. Tumour cells are round to polygonal, with abundant eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm reactive with phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin and Luxol Fast Blue. Ultrastructurally the tumour cells are characterized by abundant mitochondria, tubulovesicles, intracellular canaliculi and intercellular lamina filled with undulated microvilli.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Argyrophil reaction in parathyroid glands: a light and electron microscopic study.

The argyrophil reaction occurs in the parathyroid cells with the Grimelius silver nitrate stain. In the present study, Bouin's fluid was found to be superior to other tested fixatives (formalin, Karnovsky's fluid, GPA etc) in this respect. A study of the argyrophil reaction on the ultrastructural level showed an accumulation of silver particles in the secretory granules, which means that the Grimelius silver stain can be assumed to be an indicator of the secretory granules stored in the parathyroid cells. Whether the argyrophil reaction can be of help in differential diagnosis between different abnormal parathyroid conditions is not yet clear.

Cytoplasmic Granules↗
PubMed1981

The endocrine component of prostatic carcinomas, mixed adenocarcinoma-carcinoid tumours and non-tumour prostate. Histochemical and ultrastructural identification of the endocrine cells.

Two types of endocrine-paracrine (EP) cells have been detected histochemically and ultrastructurally in normal and hyperplastic prostates; i.e. type I cells resembling intestinal EC (enterochromaffin) cells and type 2 cells similar to urethral EP cells previously reported by Casanova et al. (1974). About one-third of the 40 prostatic carcinomas studied contained EP cells: two of these were composite tumours exhibiting both adenocarcinomatous and carcinoid patterns. These four tumours have also been studied histochemically and ultrastructurally. ACTH and beta-endorphin immunoreactive cells, ultrastructurally resembling pituitary corticotrophic cells, have been identified in three tumours. Cells identical with type I and type 2 cells of the normal prostate were detected in two cases and in a further case, respectively.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

The diffuse endocrine-paracrine system of the gut in health and disease: ultrastructural features.

At least 16 types of endocrine-paracrine cells have been identified ultrastructurally in the gastrointestinal mucosa. The production of hormones and local messengers such as 5-hydroxytryptamine, gastrin, cholecystokinin, somatostatin, secretin, gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), enteroglucagon (glicentin, GLI), motilin, neurotensin, substance P and the enkephalins, by these cells, has been established. Progress has also been made in cytological studies of gut and pancreatic endocrine tumours. Argentaffin EC cell carcinoids, gastrinomas (of several ultrastructurally different varieties of gastrin cells), L-cell tumours and D-cell tumours are among those cytologically and functionally defined in the gut. Functionally undefined tumours include the so-called non-argentaffin carcinoids arising in various parts of the gut, some of which have been characterised cytologically as gastric ECL cell tumours and gastroduodenal P-D1-cell tumours. Gastrinomas, vipomas and rare argentaffin carcinoids are among gut-related pancreatic endocrine tumours. Non-functional paragangliomas, usually with some neuromatous component, occur in the duodenal wall. Extrapancreatic vipomas display ultrastructural features of ganglioneuroblastomas with peptidergic granules.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Argyrophil pituitary tumors showing TSH cells or small granule cells.

Among 74 histochemically and ultrastructurally studied pituitary adenomas, 12 apparently chromophobe tumors were characterized by the presence of numerous argyrophil cells. All these argyrophil adenomas failed to reveal presence of GH, prolactin or ACTH cells. Two tumors were found to consist of well granulated cells reacting intensely with anti-TSH antibodies and resembling TSH cells of the normal pituitary. The remaining argyrophil adenomas did not show TSH immunostaining and, with one exception, failed to react with an anti-HCG serum staining gonadotroph cells of human pituitary. They were composed of small, closely apposed cells with small compact or vesicular granules. These tumor cells seem to correspond to some small argyrophil cells found in non-neoplastic pituitary, which differ from TSH cells and from all other types of functionally identified adenohypophyseal cells.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1977

Histochemical and ultrastructural identification of neurotensin cells in the dog ileum.

In the dog ileum, neurotensin cells stained with immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase proved distinct from argentaffin (EC) cells, glucagon immunoreactive (GLI) cells and pancreatic peptide immunoreactive (PP) cells. Neurotensin cells showed various degrees of reactivity with Grimelius' silver. With electron microscopy, besides EC cells, large granule cells with a thin peripheral rim of Grimelius-reactivity (L cells) and large granule cells with variable Grimelius-reactivity of the core (N cells) were found. On distributive grounds, L cells were identified with GLI cells and N cells were interpreted as neurotensin cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The endocrine cells of the pancreas and related tumours. Ultrastructural study and classification.

Up to seven endocrine cell types have been identified ultrastructurally in the pancreas, including glucagon A cells, insulin B cells, somatostatin D cells, pancreatic peptide F cells and 5-hydroxytryptamine EC cells. In addition, D1 cells, which have been proposed as the cell type producing VIP and possible P cells of unknown function are seen. Various patterns of endocrine cell differentiation have been found in 20 endocrine pancreatic tumours. Well and poorly differentiated B cells have been identified in 6 insulinomas, diagnostic G cells in 3 out of 7 gastrinomas, D1 and/or F cells in 7 diarrheogenic tumours. Moreover, cells apparently unrelated to the prevalent clinical syndrome have been noted in 8 of the 20 tumours. Granular non diagnostic cells (poorly diagnostic gastrin cells? D1 cells?) were particularly frequent in gastrinomas; agranular or poorly granular cells, either by "active" or "Stem cell" type, were present in nearly all tumours, particularly in diarrheogenic tumours, gastrinomas and malignant insulinomas. A cytological classification of pancreatic endocrine tumours is proposed.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1977

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) cells in the pancrease and gastro-intestinal mucosa. An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study.

Using antibodies against pure porcine VIP in immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence tests, VIP-immunoreactive cells have been detected in the pancreas-especially in the islets-and gastrointestinal mucosa of the dog, guinea-pig and man. VIP immunoreactive cells were widely distributed in these tissues, never being numerous at any site. Some parallelism has been noted between such cells and ultrastructurally identified D1 cells fo the pancreas and gastrointestinal mucosa. The presence of VIP cells in normal pancreas may help explain the occurrence of pancreatic endocrine tumors producing VIP.

Animals↗