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B Frykholm

Publications and source records attributed to B Frykholm.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

A Swedish drug abuse warning network.

During the period June 1971-December 1976 a total of 592 consecutive admissions to a Drug Addiction Clinic were asked which drugs they had been taking since their first contact with the illegal drug market. Nine drugs belonging to the opiate group, five different amphetamines, five hallucinogens, cocaine and cannabis were mentioned and the patients were asked to specify which year or years they had self-administered any of the drugs mentioned. No attempts were made to quantify the individual drug consumption. The amphetamines and cannabis dominated in the mid sixties, but from then on recorded used of these drugs declined. From 1965 there was a constant increase in the reported use of opiates up to a maximum of 55 per cent of the patients in 1976. The opiates seem to have been introduced on to the market in the order of increasing potency. Morphine base replaced raw opium in the early seventies but was later succeeded by heroin. Hallucinogens, except for a short period around 1969 when 11 per cent of our patients mentioned them, never seemed to reach important levels. A small but growing proportion of our patients have mentioned use of cocaine in the seventies.

Amphetamines↗
PubMed1980

Changes in short-term prognosis-a comparison between Swedish amphetamine and opiate abusers.

Drug usage patterns among patients admitted to a Swedish clinic specialized in the treatment of drug dependence have undergone significant changes during the last fifteen years. During this period there has been a decline in amphetamine taking and a rise in opiate abuse. Yearly cohorts of drug abusers were subjected to a time-scheduled follow-up during the period 1970 - 1975. Opiate abusers were younger than amphetamine abusers. In spite of their youth, opiate abusers were taking drugs more intensively. Amphetamine abusers showed improved short-term prognosis while the opposite trend was found in opiate abusers. Among first admissions of amphetamine abusers in 1970, 27 per cent were found to be drug free 6 months after discharge; in 1974 the figure was 44 per cent. The corresponding figures for opiate abusers were 11 per cent in 1970 and 3 per cent in 1974. The stage in the drug-taking career rather than the drug of abuse was found to be important for the short-term outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Termination of the drug career. An interview study of 58 ex-addicts.

Fifty-eight ex-addicts, representing 87% of a group found to be drug-free at an earlier 3-year follow-up, have been the target group of an interview study, which aimed at elucidating various phases of the drug career. It was found that drug abusers tend to break their drug-taking habits either early (before 2 years of abuse) or late (after 6 years or more). Those who abandoned the drug career early regarded giving up drugs as easy and had often been supported by relatives and drug-free friends. Their dominating reason for giving up drugs was adverse drug reactions, or infectious complications. Those who abandoned the career late reported that it had been a difficult process and that they had received little or no support from friends and relatives. To a large extent they had resorted to the aid of outpatient clinics. This group of ex-addicts gave as their most common reason for giving up drugs: they had grown tired of the life of a street addict. The considerable number of critics of psychiatric inpatient treatment (74% rated inpatient clinics as moderately important or unimportant) casts doubt on present treatment approaches. A simplified clinical description of the drug carrer is given, where attention is focussed on three stages within the process of de-addiction.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[The drug career].

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Antisocial Personality Disorder↗