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Biomedical subjects

B Fuller

Publications and source records attributed to B Fuller.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Lack of evidence for infection of or effect on growth of hematopoietic progenitor cells after in vivo or in vitro exposure to human immunodeficiency virus.

The pathogenesis of the hematologic abnormalities commonly observed in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is incompletely understood. We report here that in vitro growth of myeloid (CFU-GM) and erythroid (BFU-E) progenitor cells from six patients with AIDS was not significantly different from that of normal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seronegative donors: 25.3 +/- 5 CFU-GM per 5 x 10(4) low density marrow cells and 33.5 +/- 5 BFU-E were observed in AIDS patients versus 32.7 +/- 5 CFU-GM and 42.1 +/- 5 BFU-E in controls. Furthermore, no HIV-DNA in individual colonies (CFU-GM and BFU-E) could be detected using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, although HIV-1 DNA was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the same patients. Similarly, normal bone marrow cells exposed in vitro to different isolates of HIV or recombinant purified HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp) 120 did not exhibit any difference in growth of CFU-GM or BFU-E as compared with mock exposed bone marrow cells. HIV-1 DNA could not be detected by the PCR technique in individual colonies derived from HIV exposed marrow. This study suggests that committed myeloid and erythroid progenitors from AIDS patients are responsive to hematopoietic growth factors in vitro and do not appear to contain HIV-1 DNA. Also, HIV or its envelope gp did not alter the growth of hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro. No evidence of HIV infection of progenitor cells could be demonstrated. Impaired hematopoiesis in patients with AIDS may not be related to direct effects of HIV on committed progenitor cells.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Intracellular iron redistribution. An important determinant of reperfusion damage to rabbit kidneys.

These studies were designed to examine the possible role of low molecular weight intracellular iron chelates (desferrioxamine-available (DFX-A) iron) in the damage which occurs during cold storage and subsequent reperfusion of kidneys. The level of DFX-A iron increased significantly (P less than 0.005) in the cortex of rabbit kidneys rendered cold ischaemic (CI) for 24 hr and the amount of iron available for DFX chelation increased significantly (P less than 0.05) in both the cortex and medulla of kidneys stored for 48 or 72 hr compared with fresh non-ischaemic controls. During ex vivo reperfusion of the organs with an oxygenated asanguinous perfusate, DFX-A iron returned rapidly to pre-ischaemic levels in 24 hr CI kidneys, but remained elevated following 48 and 72 hr CI (P less than 0.05 compared with 24 hr CI kidneys after 5 min reperfusion), returning to control levels only after 30 min reperfusion. There was no concurrent increase in total iron levels, indicating that a redistribution of iron to more accessible pools had occurred within the tissue. We suggest that decompartmentalization of intracellular iron during ischaemia and raised DFX-A iron levels over an extended period during subsequent reperfusion are responsible for increased catalysis of oxygen-derived free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, and are an important factor in the deterioration of physiological function observed in rabbit kidneys following extended periods of cold storage.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Human cells infected with retrovirus vectors acquire an endogenous murine provirus.

A 5.2-kilobase mouse RNA is expressed in human cells following infection with recombinant retroviruses propagated in mouse NIH 3T3 cells as psi-2 pseudotypes. This RNA is transcribed from a defective mink cell focus-forming provirus and copackaged into virions and integrated into human target cell DNA at a frequency comparable to that of the recombinant retrovirus genome.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Lipid peroxidation in the cortex and medulla of rabbit kidneys subjected to cold ischaemia and the value of protective agents.

The storage of rabbit kidneys for 24 hr at 0 degrees C in isotonic saline resulted in significantly increased rates of lipid peroxidation, as measured by the formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive material and Schiff bases during in vitro incubation of homogenates prepared from the cortex and medulla. In addition, the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive material in the medulla was also significantly elevated as a result of cold storage for 24 hr. The effects of antioxidants (vitamin E), iron-chelation (desferrioxamine) and inhibitors of arachidonic acid oxidation (indomethacin and dazmegrel) on the rate of lipid peroxidation in homogenates prepared from ischaemic kidneys were studied. This demonstrated that lipid peroxidation in the cortex was predominantly non-specific and iron-catalysed whereas in the medulla approximately 50% of the TBA-reactive material was formed enzymically from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Ca2+ transport and permeability in inside-out red cell membrane vesicles after freezing.

To evaluate the effects of freezing and thawing on Ca2+ transport and permeability, inside-out red cell membrane vesicles (IORCMV) are examined. Exposure to the cryoprotectant Me2SO as well as different cooling regimes on unprotected and cryoprotected vesicles do not affect the membrane Ca2+ transport. However, freezing and thawing increase the membrane permeability to sucrose.

Calcium↗
PubMed1977

Assessment of the Beckman System 1.

The System 1 produced results for glucose and urea which were precise and accurate. It proved suitable as a general laboratory instrument as it samples 28 mul of specimen, is able to calibrate itself, produces results in three minutes, and has the capacity to analyse 56 samples an hour.

Australia↗
PubMed1975

Testis antigens of man and some other primates.

Rabbit antisera raised aginst testis preparations of human, chimpanzee, rhesus monkey, and baboon origin were used to study testis-specific antigens within and among the four primate species. Antisera were absorbed with serum, liver, kidney, and spleen preparations of the respective species against which they had been produced. Immunoelectrophoretic analysis of testis extracts, using the absorbed antisera, indicated the following minimum numbers of testis-specific antigens for each species: man, 10; chimpanzee, 8; rhesus monkey, 10; and baboon, 8. Most of the testis antigens were cross-reactive among species. The results suggest that human spermatozoa possess at least four to five specific antigens which originate in the testis. The antigen that induces sperm-immobilizing antibody cross-reacted among the four species of primates. Human and rhesus monkey sperm reacted equally in the immobilization system. Testis extracts from each primate species were capable of removing the sperm-immobilizing activity of human immune sera by absorption. Testis proteinase activity, as determined by using a gelatin membrane substrate, was inhibited by the gamma-glogulin fractions of rabbit and rhesus monkey antisera and also appeared to be cross-reactive among the species.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Meanings of discomfort and fussy-irritable in infant pain assessment.

The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical meaning and customary use of the terms discomfort and fussy-irritable by pediatric nurses. This descriptive study used a purposive sample of 60 pediatric nurse participants who had a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree and different lengths of pediatric nursing experience. Participants were interviewed as they assessed pain levels of videotaped infants. Interviews were analyzed with both qualitative and quantitative descriptive methods. Qualitative findings suggest that for participants, "discomfort" meant noxious sensations for which narcotic analgesics would not be appropriate management, and "pain" implied noxious sensations for which narcotic analgesics were warranted. "Fussy-irritable" meant mild infant arousal that did not demand urgent attention. Quantitative findings showed that: (a) assessments of fussy-irritable were consistent with qualitative findings, but assessments of discomfort were not, and (b) pediatric nurses are socialized concerning the clinical meanings of these terms between their first and fifth year of pediatric practice. This study identifies clinical meanings implicit in the assessment terms of "discomfort," "pain," and "fussy-irritable" and shows that individual participants did not always use terms in the same way. Inconsistent meanings and use of such terms can confound communication among nurses and hamper the learning of infant pain assessment by novices.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Feasibility of a multi-state outcomes program for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation.

BACKGROUND: Outcomes validate program performance and patient benefits received from cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation. However, outcomes have little meaning without test standardization and the ability to benchmark data with other programs. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the feasibility for measuring standardized outcomes in a large number of rehabilitation programs. METHODS: The subjects included 928 cardiac patients and 222 pulmonary patients from 35 cardiac and 31 pulmonary rehabilitation programs. The SF-36 Health Survey, patient knowledge test, and 6-minute distance walk were administered before and after completion of the rehabilitation program. The patients completed rehabilitation according to the program guidelines at their respective site. RESULTS: Significant (P < 0.05) improvements were demonstrated for cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation in each of the eight health concepts within the SF-36. In addition, patient knowledge and distance walked significantly (P < 0.05) improved for both cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: Although this study does not document the effectiveness of rehabilitation for patients, it does demonstrate that the collection and analysis of standardized outcomes among many cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation sites is feasible.

Benchmarking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Writing on the wall.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Communication↗