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Biomedical subjects

B G Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to B G Wilson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Splenic conservation in the management of large splenic cysts: case report and literature review.

The majority of splenic cysts occur as a result of parasitic infection, most commonly in countries where hydatid disease is endemic. In the Western world however, their occurrence is extremely rare and aetiology less clear. Approximately 800 cases of non-parasitic splenic cysts have been reported in the world literature to date. Their presentation ranges from that of an incidental finding on abdominal examination to catastrophic intraperitoneal haemorrhage. The methods of treatment of splenic cysts are protean with no universally accepted policy. We report a case of a massive splenic cyst in an adolescent female treated by partial splenectomy. We also present a review of the pertinent literature on this subject paying special attention to the role of conservative surgery with preservation of normal splenic tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass produces greater pulmonary dysfunction than circulatory arrest.

BACKGROUND: Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is used during the repair of congenital heart disease in neonates. However, because of concern about neurologic injury after DHCA, there is increasing use of continuous deep hypothermic low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass (DHCPB). This study examines the effects of DHCPB versus DHCA on pulmonary dynamics in 1-week-old piglets (weight range, 2.5 to 3.5 kg). METHODS: Animals were placed on CPB (37 degrees C) at 100 mL.kg-1.min-1, cooled to 18 degrees C, and then assigned to one of two groups: DHCPB (n = 7), 25 to 50 mL.kg-1.min-1 DHCPB for 90 minutes; or DHCA (n = 8), DHCA for 90 minutes. Animals were rewarmed to 37 degrees C, weaned from CPB, and observed for 30 minutes. Static pulmonary compliance and pulmonary vascular resistance index were assessed before CPB, 5 minutes after CPB, and 30 minutes after CPB. RESULTS: There was greater impairment of static pulmonary compliance after DHCPB compared with 90 minutes of DHCA. There was a trend toward higher pulmonary vascular resistance index in the DHCPB group; however, significance was not reached. CONCLUSIONS: Deep hypothermic low flow cardiopulmonary bypass produces greater pulmonary dysfunction than DHCA, manifested by decreased static pulmonary compliance. If DHCPB is used in place of DHCA in congenital heart operations, close attention to ventilatory and fluid management is mandatory in the postoperative period to prevent further worsening of pulmonary dysfunction.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Incidental mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix.

The incidental finding of a rare appendiceal tumour in a previously healthy male patient is described. He presented as an emergency with a self-inflicted abdominal stab injury. At laparotomy, there was no visceral damage but the appendix was hugely distended and appendectomy was performed. Subsequent histological examination of the appendix revealed a low-grade mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. A right hemicolectomy was performed two months later which demonstrated no residual tumour.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1995

Laparoscopic nephrectomy: initial experience and cost implications.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the results and cost implications of laparoscopic nephrectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ten patients underwent attempted laparoscopic nephrectomy and nephro-ureterectomy. The cost of the laparoscopic procedures was estimated to allow comparison with that of open surgery. RESULTS: Two patients required conversion to an open procedure, one for a colonic tear, the other for irretrievable loss of pneumoperitoneum. The median operating time for successful cases was 3 h (range 2.5-4). The mean morphine equivalent of analgesia delivered per patient was 18 mg (range 10-28). There was no mortality. Post-operative complications consisted of one case of prolonged ileus and another of chest infection. The median hospital stay of successful cases was 5 days (range 4-17), and the mean time to return to normal activity was 4 weeks (range 3-6). The cost of the procedure using re-usable instruments was approximately 2000 pounds, comprising 100 pounds for equipment. 900 pounds theatre costs and 1000 pounds for hospital stay. Using disposable equipment adds up to 900 pounds to the cost. In comparison an open nephrectomy typically costs around 2300 pounds. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic nephrectomy is associated with lower analgesia requirements, shorter hospital stay and quicker return to work than equivalent open procedures. The cost, particularly when performed with re-usable instruments, is not prohibitive being comparable with that of open nephrectomy. With further experience it should become part of the armamentarium of urological surgeons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The frequency of gastrointestinal endocrine tumours in a well-defined population--Northern Ireland 1970-1985.

The reported incidence of gastrointestinal endocrine tumours is variable. In Northern Ireland circumstances allowing such an assessment are favourable with a central diagnostic laboratory and register established to collect data on tumours from a well-defined population of 1.5 million people. From 1970 to 1985, 368 cases were recorded of which 85 per cent were carcinoid tumours. The annual incidence of carcinoid tumours was 1.3 per 100,000 of the population and the majority occurred in the appendix (61 per cent). No patients presented with the carcinoid syndrome. The annual incidence for other tumours was 0.12 per 100,000 for insulinomas; islet cell tumours of unknown type 0.07; Zollinger-Ellison syndrome 0.05; and multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) 0.05. There were two cases of VIPoma, one glucagonoma, one neurotensinoma and one tumour producing ACTH. It is possible that some tumours are more uncommon than others because of difficulty in diagnosis.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1986

Malignant melanoma involving the small bowel.

Small bowel is the commonest site of gastrointestinal metastases from cutaneous malignant melanoma. Five patients with malignant melanoma involving the small bowel are reported. One patient was operated on for suspected acute appendicitis, two patients for gastrointestinal bleeding and two patients for small bowel obstruction. Two patients remain well 4 and 5 years after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Carcinoid tumours of the appendix.

Appendicular carcinoid tumours in 147 patients are presented. Two patients had evidence of metastatic spread at the time of presentation. Both patients had primary tumours less than 2 cm in diameter. Size remains the most reliable guide to the malignant potential of these tumours. If, after simple appendicectomy, a carcinoid tumour is found with a post-formalin fixation diameter greater than 1.5 cm then a subsequent right hemicolectomy should be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Complete rectal prolapse--the results of Ivalon sponge rectopexy.

Forty-two patients with complete rectal prolapse have been treated using the Ivalon sponge rectopexy. There was no operative mortality in this series and only one complete recurrence after an average follow-up of more than 4 years. Pelvic sepsis occurred in one patient and required removal of the sponge. The majority of the patients were satisfied with the results of surgery, despite some remaining incontinent.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

DNA replication in the amphibia.

Autoradiographic techniques were used to measure rate of replication and length of the replication unit in cultured cells of Scaphiopus couchi, Bufo cognatus, Rana clamitans, and Triturus viridescens, having nuclear DNA amounts in the ratio 1:4:7:39 respectively. The autoradiographic experiments were designed to show whether the larger amounts of nuclear DNA are correlated with more rapid rates of synthesis and/or with longer replication units. -- The DNA replication rate was 2.5 mu/minute (corrected for two growing points) with 10 minutes 3H-thymidine label at 22 degrees C, but decreased with longer labelling durations. The length of the replication unit (estimated by the distance from the center of one autoradiograph to the center of the next in sequence) was most commonly in the 10-25 mu range with a 30 minute label, in all four species. The average center-to-center distance was 8 mu at 10 minutes and increased with label duration, to over 45 mu with 24 hours label. Replication was predominantly but not exclusively bidirectional. Neither rate of replication nor length of the replication unit was proportional to the amount of DNA in these species.

Amphibians↗