PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Galas-Zgorzalewicz

Publications and source records attributed to B Galas-Zgorzalewicz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Visual and auditory evoked potentials during long-term vigabatrin treatment in children and adolescents with epilepsy.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to estimate the effects of Vigabatrin (VGB) as add-on therapy on visual (VEP) and brain-stem (BAEP) evoked potentials. METHOD: The investigation covered 100 epileptic patients from 8 to 18 years of age. The treatment included therapy with carbamazepine (CBZ) or valproate acid (VPA) using slow release formulations of these AEDs. Combination therapy was administered using add-on VGB in the recommended dose 57.4+/-26.5 mg/kg body mass/day. VEP and BAEP evoked potentials were recorded by means of Multiliner (Toennies, Germany). The obtained values were compared with age matched control group. RESULTS: Compared to control groups, significant differences in epileptic groups emerged in latencies of the peak III, V along with the interpeak intervals I-III of BAEP. Also VEP studies showed the reduction of N75/P100 and P100/N145 amplitudes. CONCLUSIONS: Adding VGB did not significantly increase the percentage of pathological abnormalities observed from EPs. Our electrophysiological studies demonstrate abnormalities in EPs parameters due to subclinical toxicity induced by AEDs. Major alterations produced bitherapy of VPA-SR + VGB and minor SR formulations of CBZ or VPA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Therapeutic antiepileptic drug monitoring: thirteen years of experience in the Laboratory of Clinical Neuropharmacology in the Chair and Department of Developmental neurology].

Determining antiepileptic drug (AED) concentration in biological fluids and calculating its dosage on this basis is a long-term method in the treatment of epilepsy. This facilitates the treatment and increases the safety of patients in the aspect of suitable seizure control and reduced risk of side effects. This report presented the range and the number of antiepileptic drug concentration determined during thirteen years activity of Laboratory of Clinical Neuropharmacology in the Department of Developmental Neurology. There was also a number of drug concentrations particularly often determined presented, compared and discussed. Moreover, there were also analyses of subtherapeutic, therapeutic and potentially toxic concentration decomposition presented for subsequent AEDs. The frequency of conventional drug and of slow released forms for VPA and CBZ was compared. VPA appeared to be the most frequently monitored drug and CBZ occurred to be the next one. The concentrations of PHT, PB, PRM and ETH were more rarely determined. In the observed period of time the number of LPP concentration determined in the therapeutic range amounted to 69%, the least frequently the potentially toxic levels were determined--11%. Normal concentrations i.e. therapeutic ones were most often determined for CBZ (77%) and subtherapeutic levels were determined mostly for PHT.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2000

[The us of video-EEG in the diagnosis of epilepsy syndromes in the developmental age].

In the Department of Developmental Neurology, K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznań 120 video-EEG were performed in 1997-1998. Video-EEG monitoring was executed by means of computer electroencephalograph "Ceegraph" (Biologic--USA). A group of 20 patients between the age of 20 months up to 19 years, whose video-EEG was analysed, was hospitalised because of diagnostic doubtful seizures. Stimultaneous EEG and clinical events recordings were evaluated with the use of videotape at all children. In the investigated group, 13 patients with epileptic seizures (5 with nonepileptic seizures, 1 patient with choreatic movements and 1 with nocturnal myoclonus) were recorded. There were 3 children classified with generalised absence seizures, 3 with partial seizures and 1 patient with myoclonic seizure among the children with epilepsy. Moreover, there were several different cases diagnosed: 3 patients presented Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, 1 was classified with West's syndrome, 1 patient was characterised by Alpers syndrome and 1 with tuberous sclerosis. Psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures were classified in 5 patients, in 3 of them both epileptic and nonepileptic events occurred. Utility of video-EEG monitoring allows to differentiate and classify seizures and epileptic syndromes in childhood, especially absence seizures and psychogenic pseudoepileptic seizures. Its use makes the introduction of appropriate treatment possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[The use of EEG polarization in the localization of epilepsy focus].

Multiple spatio dipole structure of brain cortex has been developed to transform the traditional scalp EEG into an image of source activities. Computer use of complex calculation algorythms identify those brain regions which are active and contribute to the epileptiform discharges. The Chair and Department of Developmental Neurology at University of Medical Sciences in Poznań received a new imaging technique Focus (Megis, Germany) for testing, which allows to obtain maps of topographic EEG distribution at the instant chosen in time. Our research was based on 32-channel EEG files recorded on Ceegraph SE (Bio-Logic, USA). The purpose of the study was the comparison of traditional EEG evaluation and automatic analysis made by computer programm "FOCUS". EEG records in patients with simple partial and complex seizure were marked by a physician, electroencephalographer. Digital EEG records were also analysed by a source imaging Focus software. The best localisation of epileptic focus has been obtained in baso-mesial temporal lobe. The new technique of dipole automatic analysis is a non-invasive method providing information about seizure localisation.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed2000

[Neuropsychological aspects of cognitive functioning in epileptic children and adolescents treated with lamotrigine].

The aim of our study was to examine the influence of long term lamotrigine (LTG) add-on therapy on higher nervous function in patients at the developmental age with epilepsy and to analyse the correlation between changes in EEG and cognitive parameters as a consequence of applying LTG in bi- or polytherapy with conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). There were 25 patients (pts), 8-18 years of age with epilepsy stated as "difficult to treat" with partial (12 pts) and generalised (13 pts) seizures. The frequency of seizures was estimated as one or more per month last year (before LTG treatment). The mean age of the patients who had the first seizure was 4.7 yrs. Doses of LTG were adjusted individually (depending on conventional AEDs) according to the recommendation of the producer. The serum levels of conventional AEDs were checked during LTG therapy. Psychological examination was administered three times: before introduction of LTG (as add-on drug) to the therapy, after 3- and after 16 months of the treatment. We measured the level of intelligence, short-term memory, attention, visuomotor integration and abilities of learning. EEG was recorded by Ceegraph (Biologic, USA) after 3 and 12 months of LTG treatment. After the treatment no statistically significant differences in Intelligence Quotient (IQ): global, verbal, nonverbal were noticed. Statistical significance has been stated in parameters of short-term memory. The number of seizures decreased more than 50% in 12 pts. EEG records improved in 6 pts (normalisation of background activity), minimising of epileptform discharges has been noticed in 3 pts. LTG introduced into polytherapy of epilepsy in children and adolescents modified EEG and had minimal influence on cognitive functions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical picture, evolution and results of treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children and adolescents].

68 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome, 36 girls and 32 boys at the age of 12 months up to 18 years were treated in the Department of Developmental Neurology in Poznań in 1989-1999. The incidence of neurological symptoms was preceded in 50 patients (74%) by the infection of the alimentary or upper respiratory tracts. However, only 39 (57%) presented virus etiology and moreover, 7 children out of this group showed significant growth of antibodies to poliovirus. Six-degree range was applied to evaluate the level of motor insufficiency which involved flaccid paralysis of various degree in 48 children and adolescents. Additionally in 14 the coincidence of bulbar syndrome and i 5 patients the respiratory muscle paralysis was found. There was only 1 child with Miller-Fisher syndrome. The clinical course of the disease was divided into three phases: increase, stabilization and subsidence of symptoms. There were also presented the methods of treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Immunoglobulins were applied to 9 children, plasmapheresis was administered to 8 children. Steroids were used for 37 patients and mechanical ventilation for 5 children. Motor rehabilitation was applied to all patients. The influence of the treatment method on clinical course of the disease and its final effect were evaluated. It was established that, the early administration of immunoglobulins in the form of intravenous infusions into the treatment shortens the period of paretic intensification. Plasmapheresis applied to patients with the most severe paralysis significantly reduced the period of increase and stabilisation of neurological symptoms, enabling early rehabilitation and faster mobilisation of the patients. The application of steroids did not have significant influence on the course and the final effect of treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Deletion screening and carrier detection in Duchenne muscular dystrophy in Polish population via direct analysis of DNA and RNA transcripts.

Analysis of 102 Polish Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (D/BMD) patients was performed by 'multiplex' amplification of 22 fragments of the DMD/BMD gene and deletions were found in 55% of the patients. The data obtained using PCR were compared with results of 25 Southern blotting and hybridization experiments with cDNA probes and with immunostaining using anti-dystrophin antibodies. In order to determine more precise deletion breakpoints, additional experiments were performed on dystrophin transcripts isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes. These data found direct application in carrier analysis in the respective families by detection or exclusion of aberrant cDNA fragments. Carrier detection was also performed by RFLP-PCR, analysis of polymorphic (CA)n repeats and single stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) for selected exons of the DMD gene.

DNA↗
PubMed1997

[Diagnostic studies of optic neuritis in children and adolescents].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the sensitivity of various diagnostic methods in the optic neuritis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 15 patients, 10 boys and 5 girls, aged 6-18 years, with optic neuritis have been examined. Multiple sclerosis was diagnosed in 12 cases, the etiology of 3 was unknown. The full ophthalmological examination, including static perimetry and visual evoked potentials (VEP) as well as brain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. RESULTS: MRI revealed plaques of demyelination in 11 patients; no pathological changes were observed in cases of idiopathic neuritis. In CT plaques of demyelination were found in 2 patients only. In most cases VEPs were abnormal, mainly there was prolonged latency of deflection, decreased amplitude and more rarely changes of the shape of the record. Static perimetry, with white and blue target, revealed multiple scattered absolute and relative scotoma in the 30 degrees central area. CONCLUSIONS: MRI and static perimetry were the most sensitive methods for detection of the changes in optic neuritis and these methods are also useful in cases with asymptomatic involvement of visual pathway, especially in multiple sclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Early changes in the visual system in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis].

This paper presents our observations of changes in the visual system in the early period of SSPE in the group of 23 children at the age of 3 to 17 years (18 boys and 5 girls). The most frequent changes were papillary stasis (9 patients). Decreased visual acuity with no changes in the optic fundus or with chorioretinitis and simple atrophy of the optic nerve were observed in 8 children. Convergent squint, visual hallucinations and visual agnosia were additional symptoms in single cases. Changes in the visual system which appeared in early period of the disease as single clinical symptom usually create serious diagnostic problems. The greatest problem appeared when papillary stasis coexisted with other symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Neuroradiological examinations were decisive in these cases. Diagnosis of SSPE was confirmed by further course of the disease and others additional and typical results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Computerized tomography brain scanning in the diagnosis of partial epilepsy in children.

Computerized tomography brain scanning was performed on 120 children with partial epileptic seizures, that had been hospitalized at the Paediatric Department of the Neurological Clinic and in the Clinic of Developmental Neurology of the Medical School in Poznań. Abnormal CT brain scans were detected in 53 (44.2%) cases. The abnormalities consisted mainly of focal or generalized atrophies. Pathological CT scans were found most frequently in cases with simple partial epileptic seizures and in patients with signs of focal organic lesions in the brain. However, in 31.6% of epileptic children without obvious neurological deficits--pathological CT scans were detected as well.

Brain↗
PubMed1970

[Relations between degree of intellectual development and physical development as well as bioelectric function of the brain in retarded children].

The subject of our study is a correlation between physical development, level of intelligence and bioelectrical activity of the brain in children with mental deficiency. The results have shown a marked correlation between the level of intelligence and some features of the EEG pattern, but it was not possible to establish a correlation between the somatic and mental states.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Molecular-genetic characteristics of mutations in dystrophin gene and clinical symptoms in Duchenne muscular dystrophy].

The purpose of this paper is the estimation of the interrelationship of molecular findings with clinical studies on Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the estimation of molecular genetic findings efficiency focused on the diagnosis and the prognosis and carrier detection in relatives with recommendation of prenatal diagnosis possibilities. DNA isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 100 patients was examined. DNA analyses was performed by multiplex PCR for promoter and 21 exons of DMD gene in regions where mutations are most frequent. Deletions were detected in 55% of the cases. In cases with no deletions detected, PCR-SSCP and PCR-HD analysis were performed in order to detect point mutations. For selected introns and exon 48 the occurrence of the previously described polymorphism was confirmed. Mutation causing formation of shortened protein was detected in exon 6 of two patients. Point mutation analysis is important complement of molecular diagnostics of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in patients with no deletions. For each family at risk of DMD the analysis of mutant allele was performed and carrier status evaluated.

Alleles↗