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B Greer

Publications and source records attributed to B Greer.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

A retrospective review of paclitaxel-associated gastrointestinal necrosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Seven patients with gastrointestinal necrosis following paclitaxel chemotherapy are reported. Four of seven patients had platinum refractory disease, while 3/7 patients received primary paclitaxel therapy. Complications occurred 5 to 16 days following paclitaxel therapy. The most common clinical presentation was fever (7/7 patients), neutropenia (6/7 patients), and abdominal pain (6/7 patients). All seven patients developed gastrointestinal necrosis following the first cycle of paclitaxel chemotherapy. The exact mechanism by which this complication occurs is poorly understood. We postulate that gastrointestinal necrosis may be the result of a direct drug effect on the gastrointestinal epithelium and might involve a synergistic interaction between compromised bowel and paclitaxel-induced mitotic arrest. We observe that the incidence of gastrointestinal necrosis in patients with platinum refractory disease is 4 of 108 patients (3.7%). The incidence of this complication in patients receiving primary paclitaxel at our institution is 3 of approximately 128 patients (2.3%). Eighteen cases to date have been identified in the literature. A high index of suspicion of this complication should be considered for patients presenting with neutropenic fever and abdominal pain following paclitaxel chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Telomerase activation in cervical cancer.

It has been hypothesized that infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), in conjunction with other cellular events, plays a critical role in the development of cervical cancer. Activation of telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein enzyme complex that synthesizes telomere repeats, has been associated with acquisition of the immortal phenotype in vitro and is commonly observed in human cancers. In this study, we have examined 10 high-grade cervical cancers for telomerase activity and for the presence of HPV. Telomerase activity was detected in all of the cancers but in none of the paired histopathologically normal uterine tissues or in normal cervical epithelium. Analysis of these same tissues for HPV nucleic acids by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers from the HPV L1 and E6 open reading frames demonstrated that 7 of 10 cancers were positive for HPV, 3 for HPV type 16 (HPV-16), and 4 for HPV-18. In one case, HPV-16 was detected in histopathologically normal uterine tissue, the same type as that detected in the cancer from the same patient. HPV DNA was not detected in 3 of 10 cancers. These results indicate that telomerase activation is common in high-grade cervical cancers and suggests that telomerase activity may be a useful diagnostic marker for the disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

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Home Nursing↗
PubMed1989

Papanicolaou smear screening interval and risk of cervical cancer.

The efficacy of Papanicolaou smear screening intervals of longer than 1 year is uncertain. Ninety-two symptomatic cases of invasive cervical cancer diagnosed between 1978-1983 in western Washington were identified with a population-based tumor registry. Using a random-digit-dialing technique, 178 controls from the same geographic area were selected. A structured telephone interview was used to ascertain screening history and risk factors for cervical cancer. The mean interval between papanicolaou smears in the 10 years preceding diagnosis (cases) or the reference date (controls) was calculated. The risk of squamous cell cervical cancer was increased 3.9 times (95% confidence interval 1.2-12.3) for women with Papanicolaou smears at 3-year intervals compared with women with annual screening. For women who had not had a Papanicolaou smear in the preceding 10 years, this risk increased 12.3 times (95% confidence interval 2.5-60.6). For screening intervals of 2 years, the risk of cervical cancer (all cell types) was not increased (relative risk 1.01; 95% confidence interval 0.43-2.37). The presence of well-known risk factors for cervical cancer did not modify these results. These data suggest an increasing risk of cervical cancer if Papanicolaou smear screening intervals exceed 2 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the vulva.

An unusual case of vulvar sarcoma, histologically identified as dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, is presented together with a summary of current information regarding this lesion.

Female↗
PubMed1979

(15S)-15 methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha levels in amniotic fluid and blood in second trimester abortions.

A single intra-amniotic injection of (15S)-15 methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha (THAM) was used to induce second trimester abortion in five patients. Serial levels of (15S)-15 methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha were subsequently measured in amniotic fluid and plasma by radioimmunoassay. The slow removal of this drug from the amniotic fluid was documented. Plasma levels of (15S)-15 methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha increased fourfold to sevenfold after clinical rupture of the membranes in three patients, supporting the fact that prostaglandins are well absorbed from the vagina. Because this analogue of prostaglandin can cause marked peripheral bronchoconstriction when administered systemically, it is best to avoid its use in patients with a history of asthma.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1977

Team nursing coverage of prenatal-intrapartum patients at a university hospital. An innovation in obstetric nursing.

A unique approach in utilization of nursing personnel was instituted at the University of Colorado Medical Center to alleviate the following patient care problems: 1) lack of continuity of care of obstetric patients, 2) inadequate prenatal instruction, and 3) the unpredictability of patient census in the labor and delivery area. Half the nurses from the labor and delivery area were organized into four teams of two nurses each who acquired a case load of patients for antepartum care. When a patient was admitted to the hostpial in labor, the nurse from her team who was on call came in and provided all nursing care during the intrapartum period. The problems and benefits of this new approach to nursing care are discussed.

Colorado↗
PubMed1976

The synergistic effect of calcium and prostaglandin F2alpha in second trimester abortion. A pilot study.

A clinical use of the basic science phenomenon that prostaglandin is synergistic with calcium in increasing uterine contractility has been demonstrated. Twenty-five women had midtrimester abortions induced with intraamniotic calcium gluconate followed by prostaglandin F2alpha. All patients aborted within 21 hours with minimal toxicity. The mean injection-to-abortion interval was 13.5 hours in the group of women without a preinjection laminaria and 10.1 hours in patients when a laminaria was included in the protocol.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1975

Gynecologic malignancies in immunosuppressed organ homograft recipients.

Immunosuppressed organ homograft recipients have a 5 to 6% incidence of de novo malignancies at some time after transplantation. Gynecologic cancers were encountered in 21 of 224 patients (9%) with these tumors. The predominant lesion was carcinoma of the cervix (18 cases), of which 16 were intraepithelial and 2 were invasive. Gynecologic malignancies have also been encountered in non-transplant patients who were treated with immunosuppressive agents or cancer chemotherapy. All such individuals require gynecologic examination before commencement of treatment and at regular intervals thereafter so that malignancies may be diagnosed at an early stage and treated effectively. Most neoplasms respond well to conventional cancer therapy, but high-grade malignancies may necessitate reduction or cessation of immunosuppressive therapy as well.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Electron microscope study of the interaction of vaccinia virus with macrophages from immunized and nonimmunized rabbits.

A study using the electron microscope was conducted with the objective of comparing the efficiency of phagocytosis and the subsequent fate of the vaccinia virus in immune and nonimmune rabbit macrophages. Although immune rabbit macrophages inhibited viral replication, they did not differ from permissive nonimmune rabbit macrophages in their ability to ingest the virus. In addition, the immune cells processed the vaccinia virus through the first stage of uncoating as evidenced by the observation of viral cores in the cell cytoplasm. These data support the thesis that the failure of vaccinia replication in immune macrophages is a function of intracellular mechanisms which operate at some point in the replicative sequence after the first stage of uncoating.

Animals↗