PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Grillet

Publications and source records attributed to B Grillet.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Selective induction of CCL18/PARC by staphylococcal enterotoxins in mononuclear cells and enhanced levels in septic and rheumatoid arthritis.

Chemokines are mediators of innate and acquired immunity. CCL18, also designated pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC), dendritic cell-derived CC chemokine-1 (DC-CK1), alternative macrophage activation-associated CC chemokine-1 (AMAC-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-4 (MIP-4), was for the first time isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and biochemically characterized. We found that CCL18/PARC protein is spontaneously secreted by PBMC and is selectively induced in PBMC by staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEA, SEB) and IL-4, but not by IFN-gamma and the CXCL8/IL-8 inducers lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Concanavalin A. Human fibroblasts, chondrocytes and endothelial cells did not produce CCL18/PARC in response to inflammatory mediators such as measles virus, double-stranded RNA, LPS or IL-1beta, whereas up to 150 ng/ml of CCL2/MCP-1 was induced under these conditions. In synovial fluids from septic and rheumatoid arthritis patients, fourfold-enhanced CCL18/PARC levels (150 ng/ml) were detected compared to those in crystal-induced arthritis and osteoarthritis. In septic arthritis, the synovial levels of CCL18/PARC were fivefold higher than those of CXCL8/IL-8. Immunochemistry revealed CD68(+) monocytes/macrophages as the main CCL18/PARC-producing cell type in both PBMC and arthritic synovial tissue. In addition, CD1a(+) blood dendritic cells expressed CCL18/PARC. These findings suggest that monocytic cells respond to Gram-positive bacterial infection by the production of CCL18/PARC in the synovial cavity.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1997

Gelatinase B in chronic synovitis: immunolocalization with a monoclonal antibody.

Gelatinase B is a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) involved in the remodelling of extracellular matrices of connective tissues. With the use of specific monoclonal antibodies against human gelatinase B, the producer cell types were pinpointed in histopathological sections of a number of arthritic diseases. In cases of acute joint trauma, chondromatosis, villonodular synovitis and a cyst of a bursa, high numbers of strongly immunopositive neutrophils were observed in addition to weaker staining macrophages. Activated macrophages with giant cell morphology clearly stained with the gelatinase B-specific monoclonal antibody in the case of villonodular synovitis and in an epidermoid cyst. However, in the sections from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, no immunostaining was seen. In other cases of chronic synovitis, however, within the lymphocyte nodular aggregates a strong gelatinase B expression was observed in morphologically identified dendritic cells. In conclusion, gelatinase B production in joint disease seems to be predominantly by neutrophils and cell types of the macrophage/antigen-presenting cell lineage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Human gelatinase B, a marker enzyme in rheumatoid arthritis, is inhibited by D-penicillamine: anti-rheumatic activity by protease inhibition.

The direct and indirect inhibitory potential of D-penicillamine toward human neutrophil and synovial fluid gelatinase B, a marker enzyme for disease severity in RA, was investigated. Gelatinase and plasminogen activator activities were assessed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis zymography. D-penicillamine significantly inhibits purified and synovial fluid gelatinase B in vitro at concentrations attainable in vivo and also blocks in vitro plasminogen activation. Protease inhibition may be a mechanism of action for D-penicillamine as DMARD.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1992

Development and application of a radioimmunoassay for interleukin-8: detection of interleukin-8 in synovial fluids from patients with inflammatory joint disease.

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for human interleukin-8 (IL-8) was developed using isotopically labeled homogenous natural protein. The detection limit (20% inhibition of 125I-IL-8 binding) was 30 pg/100 microliters; 50% displacement occurred at 140 pg/100 microliters. There was no cross-reactivity with the structurally and functionally related neutrophil-activating peptides 2 and 3 up to 500 ng/100 microliters. The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 4 and 7%, respectively. In vitro experiments showed that human fibroblasts triggered by interleukin-1, double-stranded RNA or virus release immunoreactive and biologically active IL-8 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Monocytes produce immunoreactive IL-8 in the 100 ng/ml range when exposed to plant mitogen, bacterial endotoxin, virus or IL-1. Although the radioimmunoassay was more sensitive than the chemotaxis assay (detection limit 0.6 ng/ml versus 10 ng/ml) a correlation between concentrations of immunoreactive IL-8 and neutrophil chemotactic activity in the supernatants from stimulated monocytes and fibroblasts was observed. In synovial fluids from patients with inflammatory joint disease, IL-8 was clearly demonstrable, but there was no correlation between IL-8 levels and general parameters of disease activity (erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum levels of C-reactive protein). Synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, seropositive for rheumatoid factor, contained significantly higher concentrations of IL-8 than synovial fluids from seronegative rheumatoid arthritis patients and patients with non-rheumatoid arthritis joint inflammation. There was a highly significant correlation between IL-8 levels and serum titers of rheumatoid factor. These findings suggest that the molecular mechanisms underlying joint inflammation may be distinct in different types of arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cytokine-mediated regulation of human leukocyte gelatinases and role in arthritis.

Gelatinases (type IV collagenases) produced by normal peripheral blood leukocytes were studied by the use of a substrate conversion assay. When monocytes were stimulated with IL-1 beta discrete amounts of a 85-kDa gelatinase were detected. This type of gelatinase comigrated with a phorbol ester-inducible metalloproteinase from human tumor cells. The levels of induction of the monocytic enzyme after stimulation with IL-1, double-stranded RNA, LPS, and mitogens paralleled those of the secondary cytokine IL-6. When peripheral blood neutrophils were stimulated with IL-8 or PMA significant amounts of a 91-kDa neutrophil gelatinase were released, whereas with IL-1 beta no effect was observed. Both neutrophil and monocyte gelatinases cross-reacted in immunoprecipitation experiments with tumor cell-derived gelatinases. Further evidence for structural similarity between the IL-1-inducible monocytic (85 kDa) and the IL-8-regulated neutrophilic (91 kDa) gelatinases was obtained after purification of the proteins to homogeneity: both gelatinases possessed an identical amino terminal amino acid sequence and appeared as truncated forms of gelatinase from tumor cells. Synovial fluids of arthritic joints contained extremely high concentrations of the 91-kDa gelatinase. The concentrations of this type of gelatinase were correlated with the titers of the marker cytokine IL-6. The controlled production and activity of leukocyte-derived gelatinase may play an essential role in local proteolysis of the extracellular matrix and in leukocyte migration. In the arthritis patient this enzyme might contribute to the pathogenesis of joint destruction and might constitute a useful marker of disease status.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Systematic ileocolonoscopy and bowel biopsy study in spondylarthropathy.

In order to evaluate the frequency of ileitis in a population of patients with spondylarthropathy, an ileocolonoscopy with biopsies was performed in 88 consecutive patients with back pain and/or asymmetric oligoarthritis. Ileitis was more frequent in both the oligoarthritis group (7/36), especially in the non-Reiter's subgroup without known distant infection (5/17), and in the spondylitis group (12/28), when compared to the control group (1/24). This was statistically significant only in the latter group (chi squared 10.317, df1, p less than 0.005). These results do not confirm the very high frequency of ileitis in oligoarthritis reported by others. The clinical significance of this ileitis needs further research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Rheumatoid lymphedema.

Edema of the upper limbs is described in 3 men with rheumatoid arthritis. In all cases abnormal lymph vessels were documented on lymphography. Lymphangitis may explain the anomaly.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous regression of lung metastases of adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Two patients with spontaneous regression of histologically confirmed lung metastases from a classic cribriform adenoid cystic carcinoma are presented. The first case was moribund when multiple small lung metastases were detected, but after a very strict diet, he presented progressive improvement in his general condition and regression of the metastases. In the second case, three large lung metastases and a subcutaneous metastasis regressed after several local recurrences of the primary tumor had been removed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intra-articular steroid injection. A risk-benefit assessment.

Intra-articular injections with steroids may offer additional help in the treatment of inflammatory joint diseases. The major side effects are the systemic effects of steroids, infectious arthritis and cartilage damage. These are infrequent, however, and to a great extent preventable. Steroids are of little effect in radiological progression and function, and this is the most important limitation on liberal use. On the other hand, they powerfully suppress inflammation and pain, for a varying length of time which depends on the preparation used.

Humans↗