Comparison of isolated rat hepatocytes prepared from liver slices and perfused liver with special reference to protein metabolism.
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Amino Acids↗
Biomedical subjects
B Gustavsson
Publications and source records attributed to B Gustavsson.
Structural and functional changes in ribosomes from ischemic liver in the dog: effects of short-term hepatic artery ligation and hemorrhagic shock.
Structure and function of isolated liver ribosomes from 10 dogs subjected to 1 h of hepatic artery ligation (HAL) or hemorrhagic shock were studied. A shift of polyribosomes to monoribosomes and a decreased capacity to incorporate amino acids into proteins were seen in both experimental conditions. The effects were more pronounced in hemorrhagic shock. Both structural and functional changes were reversible after HAL. In the shock experiments a slight increase of the ribosomal activity was seen after reinfusion but the initial values were not reached during the 2 h after the shock period. Some of the underlying mechanism of altered ribosomal structure and function in liver ischemia are discussed.
Amino Acids↗
Amino acid incorporation into liver and tumor proteins in patients with hepatic neoplasms-effects of liver dearterialization.
The effects of liver dearterialization on the rate of amino acid incorporation into liver and tumor proteins were studied with an in vitro method in seven patients with liver metastases. Before liver dearterialization the incorporation rate was 0.074 +/- 0.020 nmol leucine x mg prot-1 x h-1 in liver tissue and 0.234 +/- 0.049 nmol leucine x mg prot-1 x h-1 in tumor tissue. After dearterialization for 1 h the incorporation rate was reduced to about half of the initial values in both liver and tumor tissue. The vascularity of the tumors was evaluated from preoperative hepatic angiograms. The reduction of the incorporation rate was more pronounced in highly vascularized tumors than in poorly vascularized tumors and liver tissue. The clinical implications of a more pronounced metabolic effect of the dearterialization in high vascularized tumors are discussed.
Adult↗
New assay of 5-fluorouracil in serum by isotachophoresis.
Blood levels of 5-fluorouracil are quantitatively determined by isotachophoresis. Serum is deproteinized, purified on an ion-exchange column and concentrated to 20 microliter, and the drug is measured isotachophoretically. Down to 50 pmol (6.5 ng) of the drug can be determined in serum with a methodological error of +/- 6%. The method can be used for routine control of patients undergoing therapy with the drug.
Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗
Amino acid incorporation into liver proteins during hemorrhagic shock in the dog.
Liver protein synthesis was studied with an in vitro method during and after 1 h of hemorrhagic shock in the dog. Protein synthesis was significantly decreased already 15 min after induction of hypovolemia and was about 50% of the initial value at the end of the shock period. 2 h following retransfusion, protein synthesis was normalized. Some of the underlying mechanisms leading to decreased protein synthesis in hemorrhagic shock are discussed. Serum concentrations of liver enzymes were unchanged during the shock period indicating that the liver metabolism may be affected without changes in parameters often used to evaluated liver function.
Alanine Transaminase↗
Liver circulation and oxygen metabolism during short time ligation and the hepatic artery in the dog.
The changes of liver circulation and liver oxygen metabolism during and after one hour hepatic artery ligation (HAL) were studied in eight mongrel dogs. At the end of the HAL period total hepatic blood flow (THBF) was reduced from 115.6 +/- 5.5 ml/min . 100 g liver tissue to 68.0 +/- 3.7 ml/min . 100 g or 59% of the initial value. The portal venous blood flow was reduced from 83.1 +/- 3.4 to 58.8 +/- 3.7 ml/min . 100 or 82% of the initial value and the liver oxygen consumption was reduced from 4.1 +/- 0.2 ml/min . 100 g to 3.1 +/- 0.3 ml/min . 100 g or 76% of the initial value. The changes in portal venous blood flow and liver oxygen consumption were reversible following reopening of the hepatic artery. The clinical importance of a reduced portal venous blood flow and liver oxygen consumption following HAL and the possibilities to increase the portal venous blood flow are discussed.
Animals↗
General resorption of intravesically instilled 5-fluorouracil.
To evaluate the resorption of intravesically instilled 5-fluorouracil a single dose of 250 or 1,000 mg. was injected into the empty bladder for 3 hours in 17 patients. The concentration of 5-fluorouracil in serum during instillation was recorded. A microbiologic agar plate method was used for the assay. No measurable 5-fluorouracil concentrations were recorded in the systemic blood of patients with undamaged bladder mucosa and low levels (less than 100 ng./ml. serum) of 5-fluorouracil were found in the systemic circulation of patients with mucosal lesions.
Aged↗
Recent studies on transmissible agent in Crohn's disease.
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Animals↗
Methodological aspects of an agar plate technique for determination of biologically active 5-fluorouracil in blood, urine and bile.
A microbiological agar plate technique for estimation of 5-fluorouracil concentrations in blood, urine and bile from man, dog and pig was evaluated. Different bacterial test strains, media modifications and techniques for inoculation were studied. The strain Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 8043, recommended previously by Clarkson et al., was found to be the most suitable. The influence of prediffusion, dilution, antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents and their antagonists, as well as the effect of storage of samples containing 5-fluorouracil were examined. A detailed methodological description is presented. The method seems to be sufficiently sensitive and practical for routine determination of cytotoxic compounds from 5-fluorouracil in serum, plasma and urine.
Agar↗
Inactivation of 5-fluorouracil by the liver during continuous regional and systemic infusion in pigs.
During continuous systemic or portal infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to anaesthetized pigs, the cytostatic activity was reduced in blood traversing the liver. The liver eliminated between 15 and 50% of the amount 5-FU given per time unit. During jugular infusion the concentration of cytostatic compounds in portal blood was equal to or less than in systemic blood. The cytostatic activity was much higher in portal blood and lower in systemic blood during portal infusion. The findings speak in favour of portal infusions of 5-FU to patients with disseminated cancer in the liver.
Animals↗
Results of regional portal infusion of 5-fluorouracil in patients with primary and secondary liver cancer.
The survival of 47 patients with liver malignancies treated with continuous portal infusion of fluorouracil (5-FU) has been studied. 18 of them had been treated initially by hepatic artery ligation. Total mean survival was 9.4 months. Patients treated with hepatic artery ligation + 5-FU lived longer (mean 10.8 months) than those treated with 5-FU alone (7.4 months). The survival was longer than could be expected for patients treated for primary liver cancer or for liver metastases from colo-rectal cancer, when compared with the "untreated" group. It is concluded that continuous portal infusion of 5-FU appears to prolong survival in some groups of patients with malignant liver tumours. However, the influence of "unspecific, general" therapy is difficult to evaluate.
Adult↗
Results of regional portal infusion of 5-fluorouracil in patients with primary and secondary liver cancer.
The survival of 47 patients with liver malignancies treated with continuous portal infusion of fluorouracil (5-FU) has been studied. 18 of them had been treated initially by hepatic artery ligation. Total mean survival was 9.4 months. Patients treated with hepatic artery ligation + 5-FU lived longer (mean 10.8 months) than those treated with 5-FU alone (7.4 months). The survival was longer than could be expected for patients treated for primary liver cancer or for liver metastases from colo-rectal cancer, when compared with the "untreated" group. It is concluded that continuous portal infusion of 5-FU appears to prolong survival in some groups of patients with malignant liver tumours. However, the influence of "unspecific, general" therapy is difficult to evaluate.
Adult↗
Concentration of biologically active 5-fluorouracil in general circulation during continuous portal infusion in man: a preliminary report.
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was administered to 8 patients with malignant liver tumours either by regional portal or general intravenous infusion. During continuous portal infusion of 15 mg 5-FU/kg/24 h, systemic serum-concentrations were generally below 100 ng/ml and no side-effects were seen. Intravenous infusion of the same dose was accompanied by serum-concentrations above 100 ng/ml and bone-marrow depression. This preliminary study indicates that there are better prerequisites for high anti-toumour effect and low frequency of side-effects during portal infusion of 5-FU than during general intravenous administration to patients with liver tumours.
Fluorouracil↗
[Attack on liver cancer--what's the value of diagnosis and treatment?].
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Adult↗
[Cytostatic treatment of liver cancer].
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Fluorouracil↗
Material thrombogenicity in central venous catheterization: a comparison between soft, antebrachial catheters of silicone elastomer and polyurethane.
In order to compare two types of long, soft central venous catheters with the same stiffness, 39 silicone elastomer (SE) and 36 polyurethane (PU) catheters were inserted in 75 patients via basilic or cephalic veins punctured at the cubital fossa. Mean duration of catheterization was 10.5 days. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the SE catheters to have a more uniform, but somewhat rougher surface topography than the PU catheters. The platelet adhesion in vitro to the SE catheters was four times higher than to the PU catheters. The incidence of clinical thrombophlebitis in the arm veins was 36% with the SE catheters, and 5.5% with the PU catheters (p less than 0.01). No significant differences were found between the SE and PU catheters regarding the number and size of radiologic thrombi in the peripheral and central veins, catheter occlusion rate, and platelet adhesion to the inner side of the catheter tip at withdrawal. Platelet adhesion in vivo correlated with the duration of catheterization in both groups of catheters. Mechanical trauma to the vein endothelium seems to be of vital importance in thrombus formation, but not in the induction of clinical thrombophlebitis.
Adolescent↗
Injuries in international ice hockey. A prospective, comparative study of injury incidence and injury types in international and Swedish elite ice hockey.
In this prospective study, we have investigated incidence, nature, and mechanisms of injury in the Swedish national hockey team during 40 international games. There were 19 injuries associated with absence from practice or games, and 17 facial lacerations. The incidence of injuries associated with absence was 79.2 per 1,000 player-game hours, compared to the corresponding incidence of 78.4 found for Swedish national hockey. The incidence of facial wounds was 70.8 per 1,000 player-game hours, compared to the incidence of 21.8 for Swedish national hockey. The high incidence of facial injuries in international hockey is due to a high rate of stick contact injuries. Stricter enforcement of rules and more widespread use of visors would reduce the number of facial injuries.
Adult↗
Portal venous blood flow during and after cholecystectomy.
Eight patients scheduled for cholecystectomy were studied with the aim of defining the pattern of portal venous blood flow in the recovery phase after anaesthesia and abdominal surgery. The continuous thermodilution technique was used for measuring portal flow, via a thermodilution catheter placed in the portal vein after intraoperative umbilico-portal cannulation. Measurement of portal blood flow was begun during surgery and was repeated 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours postoperatively. The flow rate 48 hours after surgery was 977 +/- 182 ml.min-1 (mean +/- SEM), compared with 605 +/- 89 ml.min-1 (p less than 0.05) during cholecystectomy. No significant deviation from the mean intraoperative portal blood flow was found at any of the post-operative measuring points prior to 48 hours. The study's results confirmed the applicability of the thermodilution technique for measuring portal blood flow in awake patients after surgery.
Adult↗