Hearing loss in working life--some aspects of audiological rehabilitation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Analysis of Variance↗
Biomedical subjects
B H Ahlner
Publications and source records attributed to B H Ahlner.
The effect of irradiation on blood flow through rabbit submandibular glands.
Microspheres labelled with radioactive isotopes were used to study blood flow through irradiated rabbit submandibular glands before and after injection of pilocarpine. The blood flow through the submandibular glands was measured by the microsphere technique with satisfactory accuracy. A single radiation dose of 13.1 Gy at 3 months of age reduced blood flow through the whole gland significantly 4 months later, and even more at 10 months after irradiation. However, the relative blood flow (per gram of gland tissue) was almost unaffected at both 4 and 10 months post-irradiation with 13.1 Gy because of the simultaneous reduction of gland parenchyma.
Animals↗
Influence on rabbit submandibular gland injury by stimulation or inhibition of gland function during irradiation. Histology and morphometry after 15 gray.
The loss of salivary gland function after a single dose of 15 Gy was correlated to loss of gland weight and degeneration of seromucous acini and serous tubules at 10 months postirradiation. The serous tubules were degranulated rather early, but regenerated after some months in an abnormal way as adenomatous structures. Striated ducts were mainly unaffected by irradiation. Arterioles showed slight to moderate narrowing of the lumina. There was an increased amount of plasma cells in the gland lobules at 10 months postirradiation. Histologic and morphometric criteria and changes in gland weight showed less pronounced radiation injury in glands irradiated during inhibition of the gland function by biperiden (Akineton) compared to glands irradiated during stimulation of the gland function by pilocarpine. This finding may offer a clinically important means to reduce salivary gland dysfunction after radiation treatment of tumors in the head and neck regions.
Animals↗
Blood flow through irradiated rabbit submandibular glands measured with fluorescein angiography.
Microvascular injury has been regarded as a contributing factor in irradiation damage of biologic tissues, including morphologic changes and increased permeability of the vascular network. The late irradiation effect on the capillary circulation of salivary glands was studied with dynamic fluorescein angiography. In 31 rabbits one side of the head was exposed to a single radiation dose of 15 Gy. At 4 and 10 months thereafter no significant difference was detectable in the microcirculation between the unshielded and shielded glands.
Aging↗
The capacity of irradiated rabbit submandibular glands to concentrate 99mTcO4 pertechnetate.
The capacity of irradiated rabbit salivary glands to accumulate 99mTcO4 pertechnetate offers a means for functional evaluation of radiation injury. In 50 rabbits one side of the head was exposed to 15 Gy irradiation in a single dose. Measurements of isotope were made 4 and 10 months thereafter. The seromucous acini (80% of the intralobular tissue) were radiosensitive and showed a weight reduction. The striated ducts (8% of the intralobular tissue) were not radiosensitive and their weights did not change. The 99mTcO4 accumulation capacity of the glands was reduced by the irradiation, but by less than the total gland weight. Consequently the parenchymal concentration of 99mTcO4 was increased after irradiation. These findings suggest that 99mTcO4 is more concentrated in non-radiosensitive striated ducts than in radiosensitive seromucous acini.
Animals↗
Irradiation of rabbit submandibular glands. Histology and morphometry after 15 Gy.
Irradiation of rabbit submandibular glands with a single absorbed dose of 15 Gy caused tissue damage which persisted 4 and 10 months later. The injuries were studied by histology, measurement of gland weights and histomorphometry. Reduction of gland weight due to hypoplasia and missed weight gain were seen and the proportions of the three major intralobular compartments of the glands were altered being dependent on the interval between radiation exposure and observation time. The size of the lobules was reduced and extralobular fibrosis in the hilar region increased. The seromucous acini were partly atrophied, with successively changed architecture and reduced size of the granules. The serous tubules showed pronounced reduction of the granules at 4 months and a remarkable adenomatous regeneration at 10 months post irradiation. The striated ducts were almost unaffected during the observation time. Arteriolar changes were slight to moderate, and there was scarcely any capillary damage. The numbers of intra- and extralobular plasma cells were increased.
Animals↗
Morphology and histochemistry of rabbit submandibular glands.
The rabbit submandibular glands are of the heterocrine type. The most distal part of the ductal system consists of secretory endpieces, which are constructed mainly of two morphologically and histochemically different and distinct structures: distally the seromucous acini and proximally the serous tubuli. The cells of the seromucous acini are strongly AB pH 2.5 positive, AB pH 1.0 negative and PAS negative, indicating production of acid glycoproteins--mainly sialomucin. The cells of the serous tubuli are AB pH 2.5 negative and strongly PAS positive, indicating the presence of neutral glycoproteins. Glycol methacrylate embedded sections (Historesin) stained with a modified Trichrome stain were superior to standard paraffin sections regarding resolution and clarity of morphological details. Quantitative studies of intralobular structures on AB-PAS-stained paraffin sections compared with Trichrome-stained glycol methacrylate sections gave corresponding results. The latter method is well suited for study of structural changes in submandibular glands, as in assessing the effect of ionizing irradiation.
Animals↗
A swab technique for sialometry. Normal range.
A modification of the swab method for sialometry is described. The individual secretions from the right parotid gland, left parotid gland and both submandibular glands together were collected, by use of cotton swabs after submaximal stimulation by citric acid. Five evaluation parameters and their normal ranges and variances are described from a material of 150 control individuals without sign of salivary gland impairment. The measurement is performed within five minutes, it is simple and convenient both for the patient and the staff. Therefore the method described is well suited for routine clinical use.
Humans↗