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Biomedical subjects

B H Grahn

Publications and source records attributed to B H Grahn.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Oscillatory potentials and light microscopic changes demonstrate an interaction between zinc and taurine in the developing rat retina.

Our objective was to investigate whether zinc interacts with taurine to influence the development of retinal structure and function. Virgin female Sprague-Dawley rats were bred overnight and assigned to one of four treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial design with two levels of zinc (50 micrograms/g through gestation and 50 micrograms/g after parturition; 15 micrograms/g through gestation and 7.5 micrograms/g after parturition) and two levels of taurine (2 or 0 mumol/g). The control diet contained 50 micrograms/g zinc and 2 mumol/g taurine. Guanidinoethyl sulfonate (10 g/L), a taurine transport inhibitor, was added to the drinking water of the rats receiving 0 mumol/g taurine. At postnatal d 23, male pups (n = 10) were weaned onto their respective diets. Pup eyes were examined by biomicroscope and indirect ophthalmoscope at 4 and 7 wk; retinal folds and choroidal atrophy were detected in the pups deficient in zinc and taurine. Analysis of plasma zinc and tibial zinc concentrations revealed a significant interaction in these tissues (P < 0.05). Dark-adapted oscillatory potentials (OP) were recorded at 7.5-8.5 wk. Two-way ANOVA showed a significant interaction between zinc and taurine for OP2 and OP3 amplitudes; marginal zinc deficiency decreased the amplitude of the OP only when rats were also deficient in taurine. A significant depressing effect of marginal zinc deficiency was noted for OP1 amplitude. Taurine deficiency significantly depressed the amplitude of OP1 and OP4. Histological examination of the retinas from rats deficient in both zinc and taurine revealed photoreceptor degeneration and confirmed retinal dysplasia. These data provide evidence for an interaction between zinc and taurine in retinal morphology and function.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Incomplete nasomaxillary dysplasia in a foal.

Atresia of the nasal punctum is the most common congenital anomaly for the equine nasolacrimal system. Nasomaxillary dysplasia has not been previously documented in foals, is of unknown etiology, and appears to be a rare condition. Conjunctivomaxillary sinostomy was successful in resolving the epiphora.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Conjunctival mycobacteriosis in two emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae).

Avian tuberculosis was diagnosed in two young adult female commercial emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) with granulomatous conjunctivitis. Histologically, the granulomas appeared typical of avian tuberculosis. Caseonecrotic cores were surrounded by a broad ring of palisading epithelioid macrophages and multinucleate giant cells with a moderate admixture of heterophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. One conjunctival granuloma had multifocal mineralization. At necropsy, granulomas were also found in visceral organs of both birds. Acid-fast bacilli were demonstrated in all lesions using Ziehl-Neelsen or Fite's stains. Culture confirmed the bacilli to be Mycobacterium avium (complex).

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Thymoma in a geriatric rabbit with hypercalcemia and periodic exophthalmos.

An 8-year-old rabbit was referred to an ophthalmologist because of intermittent bilateral exophthalmos and prolapse of the nictitating membranes. Both eyes could be retropulsed normally, and the exophthalmos was induced with ventroflexion. The rabbit had moderate hypercalcemia and a large mediastinal mass that could be seen on thoracic radiographs. The rabbit's condition was unchanged for 5 months. It was reexamined because of weight loss and paroxysmal coughing and, at that time, was thin and tachypneic, and had reduced thoracic compliance. Thoracotomy was performed, and a 5-cm-diameter encapsulated mass, subsequently determined histologically to be thymoma, was removed. The rabbit was euthanatized after surgery because of complications. The periodic exophthalmos and hypercalcemia in this rabbit were believed to be paraneoplastic syndromes.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Ocular and orbital porcupine quills in the dog: a review and case series.

A retrospective evaluation of 5 cases of orbital or intraocular porcupine quills in the dog and a literature review from MEDLINE (1983-1995) is presented. This paper reviews the diagnosis, therapy, and visual prognosis of ocular and orbital quills in the dog. Distinguishing penetration and perforation of the eye and intraocular structures is paramount in establishing a visual prognosis and appropriate therapy. Perforation of the cornea or sclera, lens, or the uvea and retina necessitates prompt specialized surgical therapy to save vision. The diagnosis of orbital quills can be readily confirmed with ultrasonography. The characteristic sonographic appearance of a double-banded, linear, hyperechoic object allows accurate localization of the quill, which aids surgical removal.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epiphora associated with dacryops in a dog.

A six-month-old basset hound was presented with unilateral right epiphora and medial canthal and maxillary bone swelling. Skull radiographs and dacryocystorhinography revealed a nasal cyst, right nasolacrimal duct dilatation, and obstruction. Laboratory examination of the cyst confirmed the diagnosis of dacryops, a cyst of lacrimal gland origin. The cyst was treated successfully with surgical drainage and curettage.

Animals↗