PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B H Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to B H Wolf.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

"Safe" Coulomb excitation of 30Mg.

We report on the first radioactive beam experiment performed at the recently commissioned REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN in conjunction with the highly efficient gamma spectrometer MINIBALL. Using 30Mg ions accelerated to an energy of 2.25 MeV/u together with a thin (nat)Ni target, Coulomb excitation of the first excited 2+ states of the projectile and target nuclei well below the Coulomb barrier was observed. From the measured relative deexcitation gamma-ray yields the B(E2;0(+)gs-->2(+)1) value of 30Mg was determined to be 241(31)e2 fm4. Our result is lower than values obtained at projectile fragmentation facilities using the intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation method, and confirms the theoretical conjecture that the neutron-rich magnesium isotope 30Mg resides outside the "island of inversion."

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

[Bilious vomiting due to malrotation, also in older children].

Three children presented with bilious vomiting due to malrotation at the age of 3, 5 and 12 years, respectively. They were treated surgically and recovered fully. In the period 1989-2002, 12 patients were operated for malrotation after the first year of life in the Emma Children's Hospital AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The mean age at operation was 5 years (range: 1-15). The most important symptoms were (bilious) vomiting and abdominal pain. Four patients had a history of bilious vomiting in the neonatal period. Nine patients had been previously admitted to a hospital with abdominal complaints. The most sensitive imaging technique was an upper gastrointestinal contrast study. Malrotation with intermittent volvulus can cause recurrent abdominal complaints and vomiting in children. Bilious vomiting is pathologic at any age and should lead to further investigations, preferably an upper gastrointestinal contrast study to exclude malrotation or other obstructions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Plaque, gingival health and post-operative sensitivity in titanium inlays and onlays: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES: Few clinical data on the use of titanium for restorative appliances are available. The aim of this study was to clinically evaluate titanium restorations compared to gold alloy restorations with regard to plaque, gingival health and post-operative sensitivity. METHODS: In 54 patients, 99 titanium restorations were placed. The control group comprised 56 patients with 96 high gold alloy restorations. The material was chosen by random. Each patient received one or two Class II restorations. Plaque Index (Silness and Löe, 0-3), Gingival Index (Löe and Silness, 0-3), and post-operative sensitivity (1-4, 1=none) were rated at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months, post-operatively. RESULTS: The mean plaque scores ranged from 0.89 to 0.99 in the titanium group, and from 0.88 to 1.04 in the gold group. The mean gingival scores ranged from 0.91 to 1.07 in the titanium group, and from 0.82 to 0.99 in the gold group. The mean plaque and gingival scores of the titanium and gold group did not differ significantly at any visit (P>0.05). To evaluate post-operative sensitivity, patients with one MOD restoration each were included, resulting in 46 titanium and 44 high gold restored teeth. Mean values of the post-operative sensitivity scores in the titanium group were significantly higher than in the gold group (P<0.05). The restoration material was found to be the dominating variable with regard to post-operative sensitivity, which was not influenced by age, sex and the application of calcium hydroxide liner. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that neither higher plaque scores nor adverse effects on gingival health are to be expected in titanium restorations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Multivariate analysis of oral hygiene data from a representative sample.

BACKGROUND: This analysis was based on an oral health survey with dental examination and interview by questionnaire. METHOD: The data set comprised a representative random sample of the over 14-year-old residents of the German Federal State of Saxony (n=714), in which a multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted. The dependent variable was the debris index (DI) score of the oral hygiene index scoring system. The subjects were split into 2 groups by dividing DI scores into tertiles: those with acceptable oral hygiene (1st tertile, DI 0.00< or =1.20) and unacceptable oral hygiene (2nd and 3rd tertile, DI>1.20). The most important explanatory variable was the community periodontal index of treatment need (CPITN). RESULTS: The higher the CPITN score, the lower the probability of acceptable oral hygiene. In relation to the reference category score 0, higher CPITN scores were associated with acceptable oral hygiene, with an odds ratio 0.05 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.01-0.23) for CPITN score 1, and an odds ratio 0.02 (95% CI: 0.01-0.08) for score 4. Further significant variables were: self-evaluation of tooth condition, gender, and the number of missing teeth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Prosthetic treatment need in a representative German sample.

Regarding declining resources epidemiological data on needs for oral rehabilitation are required. Within the framework of an oral health survey a non-stratified two-stage random sample was taken to represent the over 14-year-old population of Saxony/Germany. The participation rate was 55%. Normative need was determined by dental assessment and guidelines developed in a consensus process, subjective prosthetic treatment need by self-complete questionnaire. About 97% of the realized sample could be planned within the guidelines. About 81% had normative prosthetic treatment need. Compared with the rate of normative need the rate of subjective need (13%) was considerably lower (chi(2) P < 0;01). Different predictive parameters of subjective need were identified by logistic regression. Besides other factors subjective need was associated with giving dentist's recommendation as significant reason for prosthetic restorations [odds ratio (OR)=5;43], not believing that the own teeth were all right (OR=0;17), and the existence of prosthetic restorations (OR=3;87 for fixed restorations; OR=4;05 for removable dentures). The guidelines proved their suitability to assess normative prosthetic treatment need in oral health surveys. Further research is necessary to find adequate options for including patients' preferences in an adequate need definition.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

In vitro testing of the bond between soft materials used for maxillofacial prostheses and cast titanium.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The choice of soft materials for maxillofacial prostheses is important for covering extraoral defects after tumor surgery or radiation therapy. The use of cast commercially pure titanium as reinforcement seems to be a suitable option. PURPOSE: Making use of the advantages of titanium frameworks for maxillofacial prostheses requires exploring ways of combining it with soft materials. This study investigated such combinations and evaluated discoloration of the soft material to determine whether it was attributable to the titanium reinforcement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five soft materials used for maxillofacial prostheses and their bond strengths to cast titanium were tested. Different ways of conditioning the titanium surface and different adhesives were used. Plain mechanical retention was also studied. The Gretag SPM 100 was used to determine the potential effects on coloring after 24 hours of radiation in the Suntest rapid exposure unit. RESULTS: Suitable material combinations for bonding soft materials to titanium were found for all soft materials studied. Bond strength varied depending on the chemical basis of the soft material. Results indicated that maximal bond strengths were obtained by the combinations Supersoft with Super-Bond, Supersoft with subsequent silicoating, and bonding with Dentacolor connector. Few color shifts attributable to the titanium reinforcement were evident in the 2-mm layers of the soft materials applied. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that it is possible to combine a titanium framework and soft silicone materials.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2000

Clinical fit of Procera AllCeram crowns.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Color stability, strength, and accuracy of fit are the main requirements for complete-ceramic crowns. The Procera AllCeram crown system is a CAD/CAM system used to fabricate individual complete-ceramic crowns that have a dry sintered, aluminum oxide core and appear to match clinical requirements. However, there are few articles about the clinical fit of all-ceramic crowns. PURPOSE: This in vivo study measured the accuracy of fit of Procera AllCeram crowns in anterior and posterior teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical fit of 80 anterior and posterior Procera AllCeram crowns was evaluated by a replica technique with a light body silicone to fill space between crown and tooth and a heavy body silicone to stabilize the light body film. After removal from the artificial crowns, the replicas were segmented, and measurements of the film thickness were performed with a light microscope. RESULTS: Medians of mean marginal gap widths were between 80 and 95 microm in anterior teeth and between 90 and 145 microm in posterior teeth. Medians of maximal marginal gap widths ranged from 80 to 180 microm in anterior teeth and from 115 to 245 microm in posterior teeth. CONCLUSION: The accuracy of fit achieved by Procera AllCeram was comparable to other conventional and innovative systems.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Margin quality of titanium and high-gold inlays and onlays--a clinical study.

OBJECTIVES: Unalloyed titanium may be an economical substitute for gold alloys. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of unalloyed titanium as an alternative to gold alloys for posterior inlay and onlay restorations. METHODS: Fifty-four patients received 99 titanium restorations, 56 patients 96 gold alloy restorations. All titanium restorations were cast in a vacuum-pressure casting machine. Two weeks after insertion the clinical margin integrity was evaluated by replica technique. The maximum marginal gaps were assessed under the optical measuring microscope. The two tailed t-test for independent samples was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Accuracy of fit was significantly better in gold alloy than in titanium restorations. Mean maximum marginal gap between restoration margin and tooth structure were 72 +/- 18 microns (mean +/- S.D.) for titanium and 64 +/- 18 microns (mean +/- S.D.) for gold restorations. SIGNIFICANCE: Though marginal gap widths in titanium restorations did not yet match the gold standard, the data justify the use of titanium as an alternative to gold alloy for inlay and onlay restorations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[A 'suppository for vomiting prevention'].

Three children, a girl aged 9 and two boys aged 2.5 and 6 years, presented with a stiff neck and fever. They had been treated for vomiting and diarrhoea with among other drugs metoclopramide or domperidone suppositories. As a result extrapyramidal signs had developed. These were cut by intravenous injection of biperiden. It is argued that gastroenteritis in children should be treated by oral rehydration only and that there is no place for antiemetics.

Antiemetics↗
PubMed1996

Is sudden infant death syndrome a problem in Zimbabwe?.

In order to determine the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Zimbabwe, a prospective study was done in infants aged 1 month to 1 year who were certified as dead at home and brought to the accident and emergency department of Mpilo Central Hospital in Bulawayo from July 1992 to June 1993. There were four cases of SIDS among a total of 18,889 registered live births, giving an incidence rate for SIDS of approximately 0.2/1000 (95% CI 0.004-0.4/1000). SIDS appears to be uncommon in black Africans of low socio-economic status in Zimbabwe. Child rearing practices, parental lifestyle and a home environment different from that of Europeans might explain the low incidence of SIDS in the population.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Prospective open randomized study comparing efficacies and safeties of a 3-day course of azithromycin and a 10-day course of erythromycin in children with community-acquired acute lower respiratory tract infections.

The efficacies and safeties of a 3-day, 3-dose course of azithromycin (10 mg/kg of body weight per day) and a 10-day, 30-dose course of erythromycin (40 mg/kg/day) for the treatment of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children were compared in an open randomized multicenter study. Sixty-eight of 85 evaluable patients (80%) had radiologically proven pneumonia, and 20% had bronchitis. Treatment success defined as cure or major improvement was achieved in 42 of 45 (93%) azithromycin recipients versus 36 of 40 (90%) erythromycin recipients. Adverse events were reported in 12 of 45 and 6 of 40 of the patients treated with azithromycin and erythromycin, respectively, a difference which was not statistically significant. In conclusion, a 3-day course of azithromycin is as effective as a 10-day course of erythromycin in the treatment of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections in children, with comparable safety and acceptability profiles. This shorter treatment course might have a beneficial effect on compliance, especially in the pediatric age group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Effect of nutritional and HIV status on bacteraemia in Zimbabwean children who died at home.

From July 1992 to May 1993 a study was performed of the relationship between bacteraemia, nutritional status and HIV status in 212 out of 334 consecutive infants and children aged 0-5 years, who had died at home in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. The remaining 122 children were excluded because the time period between death and arrival at the hospital was over 3 h. A pathogen was isolated from 92 (43%) children and Klebsiella species were most commonly isolated. A positive HIV-1 serology was found in 122 (58%) children and 110 (52%) children were malnourished. Malnutrition was significantly associated with bacteraemia at death after adjustment for the confounding effect of age and HIV status (odds ratio 4.28; 95% CI 2.27-8.07; P < 0.001). No association was found between either HIV serostatus or proven HIV infection and bacteraemia, which could not be attributed to nutritional status. Conclusion. Bacteraemia, in particular with Gram-negative bacteria, is an important cause of death in malnourished children in Zimbabwe regardless of their HIV-1 antibody status.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1993

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is an easily recognised syndrome in its complete form with macroglossia and exomphalos. The three cases reported here are an attempt to increase awareness of the existence of this syndrome which has serious consequences. All our patients had the combination of macroglossia and exomphalos, but none developed symptomatic hypoglycaemia. Growth patterns were distinctly different in all cases. One patient was the first of a pair of twins. The syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Early diagnosis should alert the clinician to the risk of eventual neonatal hypoglycaemia and long term follow up is warranted because of a possible development of malignancies in childhood. The reason for the very low incidence of the syndrome in Bulawayo remains unexplained.

Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Deaths at home and in hospital in Zimbabwe.

A prospective study was done of children less than 13 years of age, who died at home or on their way to hospital and those who died in hospital, over a one year period. Fifty seven (86%) of the 66 children who were dead on arrival and 94 (77%) of the 122 children who died after admission were 2 years old or less. The main causes of death in both groups were identical and infections were the most frequent diagnosis. AIDS was the most common cause with 23 (35%) of the deaths in the children who were dead on arrival and 27 (22%) of the deaths in the children who died after admission. An overall positive HIV-I serology was found in 31 (47%) of the children in the dead on arrival group and in 50 (41%) of the children in the group that died after admission.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

An asymmetric bulging of the chest as a leading sign of a cardiac fibroma in a child.

A 17-month-old child with an asymmetrical bulging of the chest due to an intramural fibroma of the heart is described. The clinical symptoms that may be caused by cardiac tumours are discussed. To detect these tumours several investigations can be performed, of which echocardiography is the most specific. Surgical resection of these tumours should be attempted, even if a complete resection is not possible.

Echocardiography↗