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Biomedical subjects

B Höltmann

Publications and source records attributed to B Höltmann.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A 3-year cohort study on short-term effects of air pollution in Germany. 1. Influences of medication and season.

A 3-year cohort study which started in September 1987 investigates the effect of air pollution in adult patients with chronic obstructive airway disease. Of 108 patients recruited during the pilot phase in 1987 only eight patients had left the study prematurely. The most important components of the study are the daily peakflow measurements and a diary on medication and symptoms. In a preliminary analysis the influence of medication and season has been analyzed for the period September 1988 to June 1989 for 53 patients. In general, the reactions to seasonal changes were small. However, a significant decrease in peak-flow values by about 5% was found for the months of May and June compared to December for patients with chronic bronchitis, emphysema and asthma.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Hyperamylasemia, hyperlipasemia and acute pancreatitis in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases].

145 clinical observations of 114 patients with Crohn's disease and 65 observations of 47 patients with ulcerative colitis were analyzed prospectively concerning the prevalence of pathologically elevated levels of serumamylase or -lipase and acute pancreatitis. Painless hyperamylasemia or hyperlipasemia were found in 18 of 114 patients with Crohn's disease (15.8%) and in 10 of 47 patients with ulcerative colitis (21.3%) without morphological abnormalities on ultrasound. Range of elevated serumamylase levels differs from 35 to 68 U/L (Ref.-value less than 34 U/L), range of serumlipase levels varies from 199 to 858 U/L (Ref.-value less than 190 U/L). Pathologically elevated levels of serumamylase and -lipase persisted for 17.7 +/- 9.0 (5-28) days in Crohn's disease and 22.8 +/- 9.8 (7-33) days in ulcerative colitis. No relation to the activity or the duration of the disease, drug treatment or the weight loss of the patients could be shown. Acute pancreatitis was found in 4 of 114 patients (3.5%) with Crohn's disease, whereas in ulcerative colitis acute pancreatitis was diagnosed in 1 of 47 patients (2.1%). Regarding the promoting factors, drugs (azathioprine and salazosulfapyridine) and mechanical alterations of the bile duct (primary sclerosing cholangitis) or the pancreas (pancreas divisum) were found in 4 of the 5 patients. However the case of a 23 year old woman suffering from Crohn's ileocolitis who died of an idiopathic pancreatitis remains obscure.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Static compliance in subjects with intact lungs.

The static compliance was determined in 55 subjects with healthy lungs. Average values are within 2.696 liters/kPa (age between 20 and 30 years) and 1.794 liters/kPa (age between 71 and 80 years). Static compliance was shown to be exclusively related to age (p less than 0.001). Broca index, sex, cigarette smoking and intrathoracic gas volume did not influence static compliance. The relation can best be described by a logarithmic regression equation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Alpha 1-antitrypsin gene polymorphism related to respiratory system disease.

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in the alpha 1-antitrypsin gene region was studied in relation to chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD) and pneumoconiosis. Genomic DNA of 122 studied subjects was digested with Hind III restriction endonuclease and hybridized with the alpha 1-antitrypsin gene probe. In eight patients with COAD an unusual 10-kb restriction fragment was found hybridizing with the probe. Three of 70 patients were homozygotes for this variant allele and 5 were heterozygotes, showing the presence of two fragments, 2.7 kb and 10 kb. The presence of 10-kb restriction fragment seems to be related to the early development of COAD in studied subjects and therefore might be used as a genetic marker of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Anticholinergics as bronchodilators. An action profile].

In 3 test series comprising 107 patients the cholinergic proportion and the proportion of airway obstruction controllable by beta 2-sympathomimetics were determined. A reversible and an irreversible proportion of increased flow resistances in airways are detected. The reversible proportion has to be divided into a section controllable by beta 2-sympathomimetics. Both substance groups have an additive effect extending up to the irreversible proportion. In most cases, the proportion controllable by beta 2-sympathomimetics is larger than that controllable by anticholinergics. The cholinergic proportion of the airway obstruction can be blocked completely by 0.02 mg (0.04 mg) of the controlled dosage aerosol or by 0.125 mg iptratropium bromide (ITB), resp. The cardially recognizable anticholinergic effect is low in this connection. Complete cholinergic cardial block only occurs upon intravenous doses between 0.25 mg and 0.5 mg ITB.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Obstructive airway diseases and cigarette smoking].

The rate of uncomplicated bronchitis, obstructive bronchitis, obstructive emphysematous bronchitis, airways obstruction without bronchitis, emphysema, obstructive emphysema, and emphysematous bronchitis was determined in 300 patients. Assessment of smoking habits showed a ratio of non-smokers to smokers (smokers and ex-smokers) in uncomplicated bronchitis of 1 : 2, and in the various forms of obstructive lung disease of 1 : 1.41. Smoking, therefore, has a causative role in every third case of airways obstruction. The results support the view that smoking promotes the appearance of obstructive airways disease but that other additional or single factors such as infection and allergies probably have a more decisive role. Lung-function parameters in smokers and non-smokers, for the various forms of obstructive airways disease, are not affected differently.

Adult↗