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Biomedical subjects

B Hermann

Publications and source records attributed to B Hermann.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Autonomic responsiveness to affective visual stimulation in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have been posited by some to manifest a syndrome of interictal personality and behavioral change. Furthermore, this syndrome has been attributed to an underlying mechanism--enhanced affective responsiveness. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether patients with TLE manifest increased emotional responsiveness relative to appropriate controls. Patients with TLE (n = 23) were compared with non-TLE (n = 7) and healthy controls (n = 16) as to their autonomic nervous system responsiveness to an emotionally stressing film. No differences were found among the groups. These results are related to the larger literature concerning epilepsy and psychopathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Disordered regulation of cell membrane adenyl cyclase and guanyl cyclase activity as a possible factor in carcinogenesis].

The author suggests an interpretation of the recently recognized significant enzymatic imbalance in cancer cell as a result of the shift in the balance of cell memrane adenyl- and guanylcyclase activities in favour of the former. The alternative patterns of the development of hypothetical central and peripheral regulatory disturbances are dealt with. The prospective new therapeutic approaches offered by the pathomechanism under study are pointed out.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fluoxetine decreases concentrations of 3 alpha, 5 alpha-tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC) in major depression.

There is evidence for a differential alteration in the concentrations of 3 alpha-reduced neuroactive steroids in major depression. Because it has been suggested that fluoxetine may shift the activity of the 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase towards the reductive direction, treatment of major depression may be accompanied by a further increase in plasma 3 alpha, 5 alpha-tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC) concentration. We studied eight male depressed patients before and after treatment with fluoxetine and compared them to healthy age-matched control subjects. Blood samples were quantified for 3 alpha, 5 alpha-tetrahydroprogesterone, 3 alpha,5 beta-tetrahydroprogesterone (THP) and THDOC by means of a highly sensitive combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Compared to control subjects, concentrations of THDOC were higher in depressed patients and decreased after fluoxetine treatment. In contrast, THP concentrations were lower in depressed patients and increased after fluoxetine treatment. Our results give further evidence for a disequilibrium of 3 alpha-reduced neuroactive steroids in major depression, which is normalized by treatment with fluoxetine.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation induces active coping strategies and attenuates the neuroendocrine stress response in rats.

The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on various brain functions were investigated in adult male Wistar rats. The stimulation parameters were adjusted according to the results of accurate computer-assisted, magnetic resonance imaging-based reconstructions of the current density distributions induced by rTMS in the rat and human brain, ensuring comparable stimulation patterns in both cases. The animals were subjected to daily rTMS-treatment (three trains of 20 Hz; 2.5 s) for 8 weeks from the age of 4 weeks on. In the forced swim test these rats showed a more active stress coping strategy than the control rats. This was accompanied by a significantly attenuated stress-induced elevation of plasma ACTH concentrations. Pituitary changes accounting for the attenuation were ruled out by the corticotropin-releasing hormone test. Baseline concentrations of ACTH and corticosterone were indistinguishable in the two groups. No changes were found in the anxiety-related behavior of the rats on the elevated plus-maze or in behavior during the social interaction test. Accordingly, the binding characteristics of the benzodiazepine agonist [(3)H]flunitrazepam at the benzodiazepine/gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor complex were similar in the rTMS and control groups. In summary, chronic rTMS treatment of frontal brain regions in rats resulted in a change in coping strategy that was accompanied by an attenuated neuroendocrine response to stress, thus revealing parallels to the effects of antidepressant drug treatment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of anamnesis and clinical examination in degenerative impingement syndrome in comparison with surgical findings--a prospective study].

50 patients with a degenerative shoulder-syndrome with impingement are evaluated by questioning and 17 clinical tests. Also taking in account findings of plain x-rays they are classified preoperatively as "rotator cuff tear" or "no tear". Only 4 of the maneuvers are positive in more than 66% of cases. Jobe test and Eppendorf test are especially useful in diagnosing an impingement syndrome. A painful are is found in only 48.9%. In the rupture group 9.7 maneuvers are positive while in the non rupture group it is 7.7 in the mean (not significant). Because no significant differences are noticed between groups for any of the tests a cuff tear can not be ruled out by a single sign. The overall rate of positive tests of both authors is similar (41.1%, 45.8%) but in detail differences are found in 21.2%. Useful (significant, p < 0.05) data for diagnosing a tear are older age (56.1 years vs. 47.7 years. in the non rupture group), previous (minor) trauma and radiological findings on plain films suggesting periarticular degenerative lesions. A calcifying tendinitis is consistent with pure impingement. The correct diagnosis confirmed by operation is made in 90% (sensitivity 91.3%, specificity 88.9%). This can be achieved only by an experienced clinician who takes into account all anamnestic and clinical findings, especially details that cannot be classified as just positive or negative and thus cannot be computerized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Form and structure of the metatarsal head arch in adults. Ultrasonographic and podometric studies].

Ultrasonic measurements (n = 172) and plantar pressure investigations (n = 119) are performed on the forefeet of healthy adults, in order to constitute a correlation between shape and function of the anterior metatarsal arch. The thickness of the sole of the foot has its maximum beneath the 2nd metatarsal head and its minimum beneath the 1st and 5th ray. The highest pressure values are found at the 2nd and 3rd metatarsal head. It is concluded that despite the arch like configuration of the forefoot there is no structural arch function. The biological principle of adequate padding of pressure points results-depending on the load-in a different thickness of the soft tissues of the sole of the foot. The higher pressure under the central metatarsal heads is accompanied by thicker soft tissue pads and a more dorsal position of these rays.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis and clinical aspects of Yersinia arthritis].

Clinical and serological criteria of Yersinia arthritis are presented by a review of the literature and case studies. Characteristic findings are preceding abdominal symptoms followed by oligoarthritis of the lower extremities. 80% of patients are HLA-B 27 positive, rheumatoid factors are negative. Detection of Yersinia in stool cultures is a rare proof. The most important serological indicator is IgA for identification of Yersinia antibodies. Yersinia arthritis will resolve without sequelae under symptomatic and antibiotic (chemotherapeutic) medication within 6 months.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical therapy and results in rupture of the rotator cuff].

Follow up evaluations of 57 patients with surgically treated rotator cuff tears are presented and valued with regard to the literature. A short anterior exposure and cuff anchorage to the humerus is the method of choice. Anterior acromioplasty should not be a routine. Attention should be paid to adhesions of the sub-coracoidal space, they should be separated if necessary. Patients being of older age, with a short history and a long time interval between operation and final evaluation do have the best results.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clear cell chondrosarcoma--clinico-pathological report of an additional case].

On account of the rarity and its histologic features, the clear-cell chondrosarcoma is a particular entity. Up to the present, 98 cases have been reported in the literature. In the present report one case located in the proximal femur will be discussed. Approximately 60% of these tumors are situated in the mentioned region. Including one referred case, which will not be described in detail, 100 cases have been recognized. Clear-cell chondrosarcoma is radiographically indistinguishable from benign lesions or chondroblastoma. Therefore the histologic examination is crucial for the diagnosis. The histologic characteristics preclude the diagnosis of chondroblastoma. Clear-cell chondrosarcoma is characterized by regions of chondroid matrix and areas of closely packed, glycogen-rich large tumor cells with distinct boundaries. The centrally located nuclei are large with marked polymorphism, surrounded by abundant clear PAS positive cytoplasm. The chondroid matrix is lacking. Osteoid formation and multinucleated giant cells are present in clear-cell areas. In spite of the low malignancy there is still a metastatic potential. Therefore the type of surgical treatment is very important. En bloc excision with wide margins is the treatment of choice. The knowledge about this tumor is crucial for adequate surgical therapy.

Adult↗