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Biomedical subjects

B Holaday

Publications and source records attributed to B Holaday.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Diaper type and fecal contamination in child day care.

In this study, modern all-in-one, front closure, reusable cloth diapers were compared with single-use, disposable paper diapers for their effect on fecal contamination in the child day care environment. Four licensed child day care centers were surveyed from which 1722 bacterial samples were cultured. The frequency of isolation of fecal organisms ranged from a low of 12% of the total bacterial isolates at a center using cloth diapers to a high of 46% and 45%, respectively, obtained at a center using first paper and then cloth diapers. Diaper type, cloth versus paper, when the method of application and the handling are made comparable, showed no significant difference in the frequency or the intensity of fecal contamination in child day care centers, as measured in the play/sleep area, the diaper change area, or on the hands of the care givers and children. Future studies to control microbial contamination in child day care centers should focus on effective ways of reducing contamination of sink faucets, hands of the caregivers, and hands of the children.

Child Day Care Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronically ill children in self-care: issues for pediatric nurses.

The self-care (or latchkey) arrangement for children with a chronic illness is an important topic for pediatric nurses. This article reviews the impact of self-care for children's development, examines the effectiveness of teaching self-care skills to latchkey children, and provides assessment and intervention information to help pediatric nurses who are working with parents and children with chronic illness who are in self-care.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Strategies of normalization used by parents of chronically ill school age children.

The concept of normalization is examined in relation to chronically ill children. From this conceptual base, the responses of 365 parents in a survey of chronically ill children's use of time out of school, were analyzed to determine the normalization strategies used pertaining to the life of the child and family. This article discusses the appropriateness and importance of normalization, and presents implications for the professional nurse working with families of chronically ill children.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development: implications for nurse assistance of children's learning.

Vygotsky's general theoretical framework of cognitive development is reviewed, including his concept of the zone of proximal development: the region of potential mastery lying between the level at which the child has the ability for independent performance and the level at which the child can master the task only with adult collaboration. Examples of the use of Vygotskian theory in nursing practice are provided.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Maternal response to their chronically ill infants' attachment behavior of crying.

Six chronically ill infants and their mothers were observed in their homes over a three-month period. During this study 388 infant crying bouts and maternal response episodes were analyzed, and compared to the behaviors of a literature control group of 26 well infants and their mothers. Results indicated there are differences between the crying patterns of ill and well infants. Maternal response patterns to ill infant crying seemed to be determined by characteristics of the infant's cry rather than by specific infant characteristics (sex, ordinal position, degree of illness). Implications for maternal-ill infant interaction and implications for nursing practice are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The experiences of discrimination: challenges for chronically ill children.

The purpose of this study was to examine mothers' perceptions of discrimination experienced by chronically ill school-age children. Discrimination was seen to originate within the school system, peer group, and community and governing institutions. Several demographic and child factors were found to significantly predict mothers' perceptions of discrimination. Nursing implications addressing discrimination for chronically ill children and families are addressed.

Child↗