Biomedical subjects

B Hosmane

Publications and source records attributed to B Hosmane.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

The relationship between terazosin dose and blood pressure response in hypertensive patients.

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study was conducted to describe the dose-response curve for terazosin on blood pressure. A total of 128 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (supine diastolic blood pressure, 100 to 114 mmHg) participated in the study. The study consisted of a 4-week single-blind placebo lead-in period and a 14-week double-blind treatment period. Patients were randomized in equal numbers to four parallel treatment groups: terazosin 1, 2, and 5 mg; terazosin 2, 5, and 10 mg; terazosin 20, 40, and 80 mg; and placebo. The 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements were performed at the end of the placebo lead-in period and at the end of each 4-week fixed-dose period. The nonlinear, mixed-effect model computer program was used to analyze the dose-response relationship. There was a strong dose-response relationship between fall in blood pressure and the 1 to 10 mg terazosin dose, as well as a plateauing of response for terazosin doses above 10 mg. The maximum antihypertensive response (Emax) to terazosin was 10.7 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and 8.0 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure. The daily dose of terazosin, which produced 50% of the maximum response (ED50), was 3.0 mg for systolic blood pressure and 1.5 mg for diastolic blood pressure. The results of this study suggest that although some patients may benefit from terazosin doses of greater than 10 mg, doses up to 10 mg will maximize therapeutic benefit for most patients, with acceptable side effects.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

PubMed1998

Effects of oral and intravenous terazosin and head-up tilt on blood pressure responses in patients with hypertension.

Terazosin is a selective alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, two-period study evaluated the effects of posture and of oral and intravenous administration of terazosin on blood pressure and heart rate in patients with hypertension. At least one week after withdrawal of all antihypertensive medications, 31 patients with sitting diastolic blood pressure of 95 to 114 mmHg were enrolled in the study. After a 24-hour, single-blind, placebo lead-in phase, the patients were randomized to receive either oral terazosin (1 mg on day 1, 2 mg on day 2, and 5 mg on days 3 and 4), a 12-hour intravenous infusion of terazosin (2.5 mg, 5 mg, or 7.5 mg), or placebo for 4 consecutive days. Head-up tilt (60 degrees for 20 minutes) evaluations were performed before and 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 6, 12, and 16 hours after start of administration during the placebo lead-in phase and on each of the 4 days of the double-blind treatment phase. Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored every 2 minutes during the 20-minute tilt. Statistically significantly larger mean changes in blood pressure and heart rate were observed with the 7.5-mg intravenous dose of terazosin compared with those after oral terazosin or placebo. With respect to intravenous terazosin, the orthostatic changes were maximal on the first day of the 4-day treatment and increased with increasing doses of terazosin. Maximum orthostatic changes in blood pressure after oral administration of terazosin were not significantly different from those observed with placebo. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events during tilt were dizziness and nausea. Dizziness occurred more frequently with intravenous terazosin than with oral terazosin. The results of this study indicate that oral dose titration of terazosin rather than a slower rate of terazosin infusion minimized the postural effects on blood pressure and associated symptoms during head-up tilt.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1996

Assessment of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction between terazosin and finasteride.

The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction between terazosin and finasteride was evaluated in an 18-day, parallel, open-label, randomized study. Forty-eight non-smoking, healthy, adult male volunteers entered the study. One third of the participants received terazosin alone, one third received terazosin and finasteride, and one third received finasteride alone. Multiple-dose coadministration of terazosin and finasteride did not alter the central values of steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters of either drug in a statistically significant manner. Compared with the single-agent groups, however, the group taking finasteride and terazosin had higher variability in the pharmacokinetic parameters of both drugs. Testosterone concentrations were not altered after administration of finasteride and terazosin alone or in combination. Terazosin administered alone did not affect the dihydrotestosterone concentrations. The significant reduction in dihydrotestosterone concentrations induced by administration of finasteride was not affected by coadministration of terazosin. Mean changes in blood pressure and pulse rate in these normotensive volunteers were generally slight; therefore, concurrent administration of multiple doses of terazosin and finasteride did not produce significant clinical concern.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

PubMed1993

Construction of the flow rate nomogram using polynomial regression.

The urinary flow rates of normal individuals depend on the initial bladder volume in a non-linear fashion (J. Urol. 109 (1973) 874). A flow rate nomogram was developed by Siroky, Olsson and Krane, (J. Vol. 122 (1979) 665), taking the non-linear relationship into account, as an aid in the interpretation of urinary flow rate data. The use of a flow rate nomogram is to differentiate normal from obstructed individuals and is useful in the post operative follow-up of urinary outflow obstruction. It has been shown (J. Urol. 123 (1980) 123) that the flow rate nomogram is an objective measure of the efficacy of medical or surgical therapy. Instead of manually reading nomogram values from the flow rate nomogram, an algorithm is developed using polynomial regression to fit the flow rate nomograms and hence compute nomogram values directly from the fitted nomogram equations.

Humans↗