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B I Ghanayem

Publications and source records attributed to B I Ghanayem.

74 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
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Metabolism and disposition of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) in rats.

Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol, BE) is a major industrial chemical with multiple and diverse uses that may result in significant risk of human exposure and environmental contamination. The current studies were undertaken to investigate the metabolism and disposition of this chemical in male F344 rats. Data presented in this report showed that BE is rapidly absorbed after gavage administration, metabolized, and eliminated. Tissue distribution of BE revealed that BE is distributed to all tissues with the highest levels (determined 48 hr after dosing) detected in the forestomach followed by the liver, kidney, spleen, and the glandular stomach. However, the increase in the tissue concentration in rats treated with 500 mg/kg (as compared to that in rats treated with 125 mg/kg BE) was not proportional to the increase in BE dose. The major route of BE elimination was in the urine, followed by 14CO2 exhalation. The portion of the BE dose eliminated in urine or as 14CO2 was significantly higher in rats treated with 125 mg/kg than in the rats treated with 500 mg/kg. This may indicate that saturation of BE-metabolizing enzymes occurs at the high dose. A small portion (8%) of the administered dose (500 mg/kg) was excreted in the bile in 8 hr after dosing. Qualitative and quantitative HPLC analysis of the urinary and biliary metabolites of BE revealed that the major urinary metabolite, butoxyacetic acid (BAA), accounted for more than 75% of the radioactivity excreted in the urine. The second major metabolite in urine was the glucuronide conjugate of BE (BEG).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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PubMedDate not supplied

Disposition of the flame retardant 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane in rats following administration in the diet.

[14C]1,2-Bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (FF-680) was administered at 0.05, 0.5, or 5% in the diet for 1 day to three groups (four rats per group) of rats, and daily at 0.05% in the diet for 10 days to another group of five rats. In addition, another group of four rats were given a single oral gavage dose of 200 mg/kg of [14C]FF-680 in corn oil and were used for bile collection. At all dose levels, [14C]FF-680-derived radioactivity was excreted almost totally via the fecal route (> 99% of the total excreted 14C), with < 1% recovered in the urine. No radioactivity was detected in the expired air, and very little radioactivity was excreted in the bile (ca. 0.04% of the dose). At 4 days after the start of administration of the dosed diet for 1 day, no radioactivity was detected in any tissue analyzed, except adipose tissue, skin, and thymus, in which trace concentrations of radioactivity were detected in some animals. At 10 days after the start of administration of dosed diet to rats dosed for 10 days, trace but detectable levels of radioactivity were observed in all tissues analyzed except the brain of some animals. Excluding the gastrointestinal tract, adipose tissue contained the highest concentration of 14C radioactivity, followed by kidney, skin, and thymus, whereas brain, testes, and spleen contained the lowest concentrations of radioactivity. No parent compound was detected in the urine, while fecal radioactivity was identified as the parent compound. Mean recovery of radioactivity ranged from ca. 86-101% of the [14C]FF-680 consumed. The data indicate that FF-680 was very poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. However, following daily administration for 10 days, trace amounts of radioactivity accumulated in tissues to provide detectable levels.

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