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Biomedical subjects

B I Glanz

Publications and source records attributed to B I Glanz.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Lateralized cognitive dysfunction in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

This study was designed to determine whether there is a lateralized pattern of cognitive dysfunction in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fifty right-handed patients with SLE, but no history of cerebrovascular disease participated in the study. Thirty right-handed healthy subjects matched for age and education served as controls. SLE and healthy control subjects underwent a three-hour neuropsychological evaluation designed to measure attention, memory, visual spatial skills, verbal skills reasoning, psychomotor speed, and motor function. A cognitive disability index was created to identify cognitive impairment. Percentile tables based on the performance of all subjects were constructed for 20 component scores. Any subject with five or more component scores below the 25th percentile was designated impaired. Using this criterion, cognitive impairment was identified in 50% of patients with SLE and 20% of healthy controls. Patients with SLE were impaired on measures of psychomotor speed/fluency, verbal speed/fluency and verbal memory. This pattern of performance on neuropsycholgical testing was consistent with left hemisphere brain dysfunction. The observed deficits were not clearly attributable to vascular lesions and suggest immune-mediated effects on specific brain regions in a subgroup of patients with SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Prevalence of migraine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of migraine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to examine the relationships between headache type and other clinical, serologic, and treatment features of the disease. BACKGROUND: Headaches are common in SLE and are a significant source of patient disability. The exact prevalence of headaches in patients with SLE is unknown. The classification of headache syndromes in SLE is also unclear. Previous studies were based on small numbers of patients and the headache types and criteria to define headache types varied widely. METHODS: Four hundred fourteen patients meeting American College of Rheumatology criteria for the diagnosis of SLE were sent the University of California, San Diego Migraine Questionnaire. Patients who completed the questionnaire had their medical records reviewed for constitutional, respiratory, cardiac, vascular, skin, musculoskeletal, other neuropsychiatric, hematologic, renal, and immunologic manifestations of the disease. Recent corticosteroid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, antimalarial, and immunosuppressive medications were also recorded. RESULTS: One hundred eighty-six patients completed the questionnaire. Sixty-two percent of patients reported headaches: 39% met diagnostic criteria for migraine and 23% met criteria for nonmigrainous headache. Of the patients with migraine, 56% met criteria for migraine without aura and 44% met criteria for migraine with aura. There were no significant associations between headache type and other clinical, serologic, or treatment features of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of migraine in patients with SLE, and patients should be routinely evaluated for migraine symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Lateralized EEG findings in patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Routine and quantitative EEG were used to determine whether there is a lateralized pattern of electrophysiologic dysfunction in patients with diverse neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE. Twenty consecutive patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms of SLE underwent 20-minute EEG recordings with an 18-channel polygraph. Ten 1-second intervals were randomly selected for each patient. Once selected, the intervals were analyzed for the presence of theta and delta slow activity. Mapping was done by four-point interpolation around the 18 acquired data points. On routine EEG, abnormalities were identified in 14/20 patients with SLE. In 12/14 patients, the abnormalities were localized to the left temporal region. Quantitative EEG analyses revealed theta and delta slow activity predominantly affecting the left hemisphere in 16/19 patients with SLE. Taken together, these findings suggest selective involvement of the left hemisphere in patients with diverse neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

EEG abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus.

The medical records of 478 SLE patients were reviewed. Ninety-five patients (19.9%) with a history of seizures were identified. EEG reports were available on 62. EEGs were interpreted as normal in 8 (12.9%) and abnormal in 54 (87.1%). Abnormal EEGs were reviewed for the presence of unilateral and bilateral abnormalities. Left hemisphere abnormalities were identified in 43 (79.6%), right hemisphere abnormalities in 4 (7.4%), and bilateral abnormalities in 7 (13.0%) patients with SLE. Abnormalities included theta and delta slowing and sharp wave activity. In 32 of the 43 (74.4%) patients with left hemisphere abnormalities, the abnormalities were localized to the left temporal leads. These findings suggest selective damage to the left temporolimbic region in patients with SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Pattern of neuropsychologic dysfunction in inactive systemic lupus erythematosus.

The pattern of neuropsychological dysfunction in patients with inactive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was examined. Fifty-eight subjects with inactive SLE and 47 healthy controls were administered a standardized neuropsychological test battery. Summary scores reflecting 18 different cognitive processes were derived. Subjects were designated cognitively impaired if three or more summary scores differed significantly from premorbid estimates of cognitive functioning. Cognitive impairment was identified in 43% of subjects with inactive SLE and 19% of healthy controls. Subjects with inactive SLE, as a group, performed significantly worse than healthy controls on measures of auditory verbal memory, visual spatial memory, psychomotor speed, and motor functioning. A significantly greater proportion of subjects with inactive SLE than healthy controls was impaired only on a measure of visual spatial memory. Cognitive impairment in subjects with inactive SLE was associated with increasing age. There were no associations between cognitive impairment and current depressive symptoms or current corticosteroid use. These findings suggest that cognitive dysfunction occurs frequently in inactive SLE. The variability of performance of subjects with inactive SLE is consistent with the heterogeneity of CNS involvement in the disease.

Adult↗