[A prominent Soviet hygienist (on the centenary of the birth of F. G. Krotkov)].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B I Zholus.
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The article contains data concerning nosocomial malady and the efficiency of preventive measures. The authors analyse the reasons and the conditions of the increase of hospital-acquired diseases, and show the significance of hospital hygiene.
The most perspective way of reduction of solid waste on board the ship is to modify the system of food supplies. The new system must provide for food which is completely ready for use or contain semi-finished products which need few cookery. The food packings must be easily utilized or recycled. The existing amount of garbage on board the ship will be sorted, pressed, treated by conservants, packed into polyethylene bags, and stocked in special compartments or vacant refrigerated store-rooms. The realization of these proposals will make it possible to reduce the quantity of garbage on board the ship, lower the expenditure of labour and electricity for cookery, reduce the potable water consumption, and diminish the size and the quantity of caboose equipment. It's possible to use electric ovens to heat the food, reduce or exclude the usage of submarine disposable containers, and thus, preserve the ecology of world ocean.
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The article discusses the questions of the marines' activities during the mounting and staging of naval assault operation. The authors describe unfavourable factors of environmental conditions and limitations of manned objects of military technique. There are data concerning the health status and operational ability of the marines depending on characteristic features of various climatic zones, and stages of naval assault operation. The article emphasizes the role of sanitary-epidemiological control over water supplies, meals, and accommodation of servicemen in field conditions.
Sanitary-hygienic measures which were carried out in units during liquidation of the Chernobyl disaster consequences have assured favourable hygienic conditions and promote the accomplishing of their mission. Questions of accommodation, water supply and meals were efficiently resolved. Most complicated were the problems of territory clearing, personnel decontamination, as well as bath and laundry service in field conditions at radioactive contamination zones. Basic trends of prophylactic work were as following: hygienic normalization and regulations, sanitary-epidemiologic control and anti-epidemic measures.
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