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Biomedical subjects

B J Bojuwoye

Publications and source records attributed to B J Bojuwoye.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Clinical and laboratory indices of cholelithiasis in adult Nigerians with sickle-cell anaemia.

The clinical and laboratory indices of cholelithiasis in adult Nigerians with homozygous sickle-cell disease (SCD) were studied in 100 consecutive patients attending the adult SS clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. The study examined the role of clinical (sickle cell (SS) crises, body mass indices [BMIs]), haematological (reticulocyte count, haemoglobin) and biochemical (serum bilirubin, serum alkaline phosphatase and serum amino transaminases) indices in predicting the likelihood of finding cholelithiasis in patients with SS anaemia. A positive correlation was found between the BMI, SS crises, reticulocyte count, serum bilirubin, serum alanine and asparate transferases on one hand and the development of cholelithiasis (at P values of 0.04, 0.03, 0.05, 0.01 and 0.04, respectively) on the other. No such association was found between the other indices studied and cholelithiasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Apparent rarity of cryptosporidiosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related diarrhoea in Enugu, South-Eastern, Nigeria.

Cryptosporidium is the most frequently implicated organism in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related diarrhoea worldwide. Because of the increasing incidence and prevalence of HIV infection in Nigeria and the associated increase in the number of patients presenting with chronic diarrhoea, it has become necessary to determine the prevalence of this organism in HIV-infected patients in Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria. One hundred and eighty nine (189) adult patients with chronic diarrhoea admitted to the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu from August 1996 to October 1997 were further evaluated by serological testing for HIV infection. Their stool specimens were examined by light microscopy after staining by a modified cold Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) method. Out of the 189 patients (117 males and 72 females), 161 had HIV infection (85.19%) whereas 28 (14.81%) were HIV-negative. Neither the HIV-infected nor the HIV-negative patients had cryptosporidium oocysts or any other acid-fast organism in stool. Intestinal cryptosporidiosis is not common in HIV-infected patients with chronic diarrhoea in Enugu. More studies are needed to further confirm this trend.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

An analysis of tetanus deaths in Lagos.

Between 1974 and 1984, 418 patients with tetanus, aged 10 years and older, represented 64.8% of all admissions to the intensive care unit of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Students accounted for the largest single group with tetanus, which mainly occurred during the dry season. There was a male preponderance (1.4 to 1), but no appreciable sex influence on mortality rates (46.1% for men; 44.6% for women). The mean mortality rate was 45.5%, with the highest mortality occurring in the elderly. Other high risk factors identified were neck and head injuries, post abortal or post partum states, hyperpyrexia, and tachycardia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Plasma HDL cholesterol, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in non insulin treated Nigerian diabetics.

Total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol concentrations were measured in 49 non-insulin-treated Nigerian diabetics and 40 healthy controls. Low levels of HDL-cholesterol were observed in the diabetic group (n = 49) and in both male (n = 20) and female (n = 29) diabetics, but these low levels were of significance in female diabetics only (p less than 0.025) and in the diabetic group considered as a whole (p less than 0.05). Significant hypertriglyceridaemia was observed in the diabetic group (p less than 0.005) and in both male (p less than 0.025) and female (p less than 0.05) diabetics. Total cholesterol concentrations were higher in each of the diabetic groups but these differences were not significant. These results suggest that black African diabetic females may represent a high risk group for development of other long term complications of diabetes mellitus and should therefore be monitored.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pancreatic ascites.

A case of pancreatic ascites in an African is presented. It is a rare condition which is rapidly fatal. The diagnosis can be established if the clinician is aware of this condition; the significant finding is a grossly elevated ascitic fluid amylase.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Blood sugar control among fasting Muslims with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ilorin.

Fasting in the month of Ramadan represents a recurring annual event in the life of a Muslim. It also represents one of the five pillars around which the Islamic faith revolves making it desirable to even diabetic Muslims if only to live a spiritually fulfilling life. We therefore embarked upon the study of 33 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus who fasted in the month of Ramadan of 1417 Hijra year (1997 Gregorian) with a view to establishing the effect of fasting on their blood sugar control. This is meant to serve as a framework for establishing a scientific basis for advice to Muslim diabetic patients who may wish to fast in subsequent years. Eight point three percent of patients considered for enrollment signified their non-willingness to fast even after health-education. In the month preceding fasting the mean +/- SD for fasting blood sugar (FBS) was 6.71 +/- 2.81 mmol/L, 6.50 +/- 2.34 mmol/L for the month of Ramadan and 6.93 +/- 2.53 mmol/L for the month after. There was no statistically significant difference between the means for the three months. However, larger percentage of patients (76%) had their fasting blood sugar improved upon during fasting than either before or after. In addition, there was no reported case of acute complication from diabetic emergencies all through the period of the study. Based on these findings, it was concluded that most Type 2 diabetic patients actually do as well, like their normal counterparts during fasting and could be encouraged to do so provided they are clinically stable.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The burden of viral hepatitis in Africa.

The burden of viral hepatitis in Africa is difficult to quantify precisely because of inaccurate statistical data and under-reporting. Of the various agents causing viral hepatitis, data on hepatitis B virus have been relatively more available and suggest that 15 to 60 per cent of the normal population in many African countries may be positive for one or more of the serologic markers of hepatitis B virus infection, whilst the corresponding values for patients with PLCC ranged from 49 to 80 per cent. Liver disease was the third most common (12.1%) of all 4,568 deaths on the medical wards of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria over a 14-year period. Of all causes of deaths from liver disease, PLCC alone accounted for 42.5% while liver cirrhosis accounted for 21.1% of the deaths and, in both disease, HBV was the commonest cause. PLCC, which accounted for 491 out of 100,000 admissions in that teaching hospital, was the commonest malignancy on the medical wards and was the commonest cause of deaths from cancers in middle-aged and elderly Nigerians. Recent reports suggest that the prevalence of Hepatitis C infection in normal Africans may be as high as 10.9% while the corresponding value for patients with PLCC would be about 18.7 to 38 per cent. There is a need for control of hepatitis particularly hepatitis B virus infection through health education, active immunization of all new-borns and other people at risk in Africa.

Africa↗