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Biomedical subjects

B J Cremin

Publications and source records attributed to B J Cremin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Computed tomography in agenesis of the lung in infants.

This paper describes the clinical and radiological findings in three infants with agenesis of a single lung. In the two cases of right lung agenesis, severe gastro-oesophageal reflux was present. In these two cases, contrast-medium-enhanced computed tomography (CT) excluded vascular compression of major airways in one patient but demonstrated mild compression in the other. Conventional CT in the case of left lung agenesis demonstrated posterior herniation of the contralateral right lung.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1991

Neonatal renal venous thrombosis: sequential ultrasonic appearances.

The ultrasonic appearances of three cases of renal venous thrombosis are shown. Initially the kidney is enlarged, echogenic and shows echogenic streaking that has a vascular or perivascular distribution. Subsequently thrombosis of renal veins or the inferior vena cava may be demonstrated and ultimately the kidney may recover or atrophy. The ultrasonic appearances will depend on the severity of the thrombosis and the stage at which the examination is performed.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Skeletal complications of type I Gaucher disease: the magnetic resonance features.

Abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are reported in six individuals with various skeletal complications of type I Gaucher disease. The changes were a nonhomogeneous reduction in both T1 and T2 marrow signals with increased T2 signals during avascular episodes. MRI proved an excellent technique for the assessment of bone marrow changes in Type I Gaucher disease and for assessing avascular complications. It was not able to differentiate between pseudo-osteomyelitis and pyogenic osteomyelitis without clinical correlation. The problems studied included the extent of intramedullary Gaucher cell infiltration, avascular necrosis of femoral heads, assessment of bone pain from pseudo-osteomyelitis and the relationship of skeletal disease to splenectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ultrasonic features of pyogenic and amoebic hepatic abscesses.

Pyogenic liver abscesses are not infrequent in some developing countries. Amoebic abscesses may also occur in endemic areas and differentiation may be difficult. The ultrasonic data of proven cases of both conditions were compared and we are now more more confident in predicting the aetiology of these lesions.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Three dimensional reconstruction in coronal synostosis: pre and post operative appearances.

Three dimensional computed tomography (CT) is a relatively new method of arranging the elements of CT slices into a morphological image with a multi dimensional appearance. It is of particular use in craniofacial deformities. The following report shows its use in the pre and post operative assessment of frontal skull deformity in three infants with coronal synostosis.

Acrocephalosyndactylia↗
PubMed1987

Carcinoma of the colon: diagnosis by ultrasound and enema.

Carcinoma of the colon presenting before puberty is rare and few cases have been recorded in radiological literature. The symptomatology is usually vague but may be similar to the classical presentation of adults. The barium enema will also show the same constricting lesions. Two cases are reported, in one of which the initial diagnosis was made by ultrasound.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Wilms' tumour: ultrasound and changing concepts.

This review traces the changes that have occurred in our understanding of the pathology, radiographic diagnosis and prognosis of Wilms' tumour. Ultrasound has replaced intravenous urography as the main method for primary diagnosis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance have with few exceptions added little to the primary diagnosis. Follow-up should be by ultrasound and examination but computed tomography has advantages in detecting pulmonary metastases. The survival rate has dramatically improved in the last 15 years and this is shown by tabulating the treatment and survival rates during this period.

Diagnostic Imaging↗
PubMed1979

Sclerosteosis in children.

Craniotubular dysplasias and craniotubular hyperostoses are a group of confusing disorders in which the cranial involvement may cause compression of facial and auditory nerves. Two of the hyperostotic conditions that regularly produce cranial nerve compression are sclerosteosis and the recessive form of endosteal hyperostosis (van Buchem's disease). Both have identical radiological features with cranial involvement presenting in childhood. The Dutch and South African cases have come from relatively close-knit communities, those in the latter country being Afrikaners who had their origins in Holland. The radiological features of three such cases of sclerosteosis are briefly presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Osteopetrosis in South Africa. The benign, lethal and intermediate forms.

Osteopetrosis is an unusual bone disorder in which the skeleton is radiographically dense. The condition is conventionally subclassified into a benign autosomal dominant adult form and a malignant autosomal recessive variety. Among 14 affected individuals whom we have studied, 4 adults had an intermediate type of osteopetrosis in which serious complications included osteomyelitis, pathological fractures and dyshaemopoiesis. The fundamental biochemical relationship of this disorder with the classic forms of osteopetrosis is uncertain. The osteopetroses must be distinguished from other sclerosing bone conditions which have a different course and prognosis. Sclerosteosis and craniometaphyseal dysplasia, both of which occur in South Africa, are of practical importance in this context.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Caffey's disease in Cape Town.

Six cases of infantile cortical hyperostosis or Caffey's disease are presented, with opinions as to its prevalence, incidence and origin.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Observations on vesico-ureteric reflux and intrarenal reflux: a review and survey of material.

Objectives of this study were to evaluate some of the factors influencing vesico-ureteric reflux and intrarenal reflux. Reflux occurs in about one-third to a half of Caucasian children with urinary tract infection and although not greatly influenced by examination technique or sex it is affected by age, diuretics and race. Intrarenal reflux occurs in about 10% of cases with total reflux and does not appear to cause scars on its own. Autopsy studies can provide valuable information on papillary morphology and reaction to pressure, but information is of doubtful reliability in the first months of life and in fixed specimens. The literature pertaining to vesico-ureteral reflux, intrarenal reflux and related research projects is briefly reviewed.

Child↗
PubMed1979

The radiographic manifestations of hypochondroplasia.

Hypochrondroplasia is an inherited skeletal dysplasia that resembles achondroplasia in mild degree. Radiographic manifestations encountered in 12 affected individuals in South Africa include slight shortening of all segments of the tubular bones, moderate caudal diminution of the lumbar interpedicular distances, increased lumbar lordosis with sacral tilt and distal prolongation of the fibula. Hypochondroplasia can be distinguished from other osteochondrodystrophies such as achondroplasia, pseudoachondroplasia and metaphyseal chondroplasia by the recognition of its clinical and radiographic manifestations.20

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Non-function in nephroblastoma (Wilms's tumour): a report on the excretory urography of nine cases.

Non-function of a kidney invaded by nephroblastoma has not been extensively documented and may be featured only when a relatively large series is reviewed. It occurred in nine (15.5%) of 58 cases seen over an eight year period. Two of these nine cases had bilateral involvement and one showed curvilinear calcification. The mechanism of non-function appears to be due to replacement of most of the kidney substance by tumour, and this may be augmented by invasion of the renal pelvis causing malignant hydronephrosis. Ultrasonography has become increasingly utilised in confirming the diagnosis of renal tumours, but arteriography may still be the critical examination in the 'unusual' case.

Child↗
PubMed1979

The radiological manifestations of metaphyseal dysplasia (Pyle disease).

Pyle disease is a rare genetic skeletal disorder which is conventionally classified with craniotubular dysplasias. The radiographic manifestations in three affected adults included widening of the metaphyseal portions of the long bones which extended through a major portion of the diaphyses, with cortical thinning and mild cranial sclerosis. The femora presented the characteristic Erlenmeyer flask configuration. Pyle disease is clinically, radiographically and genetically distinct from craniometaphyseal dysplasia, a relatively common condition with which it has been confused.

Adult↗