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Biomedical subjects

B J Kruger

Publications and source records attributed to B J Kruger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

The effect of intravenous sodium fluoride and synthetic salmon calcitonin on plasma total calcium, inorganic phosphate, and ionic fluoride.

Various doses of sodium fluoride (NaF), salmon calcitonin (CT) and NaF combined with CT were given intravenously to rats (236 +/- 2 g). Blood plasma samples were collected at various times up to 24 hours and measured for total calcium (adjusted for variation in plasma albumin), inorganic phosphate, ionic fluoride, urea, and creatinine. Following injection of NaF alone, significant hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia was observed. In contrast, CT injections resulted in hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia. NaF and CT given in combination generally resulted in the hypocalcemia being equal to or greater than that calculated from the simple addition of their individual effects. Significant increases in both plasma creatinine and plasma urea were observed following treatment with NaF alone or with CT and NaF together, whereas CT alone had negligible effect. These results suggest that NaF does not mimic the effects of CT; rather that NaF and CT interact to modify their individual effects. The influence of NaF probably occurs via an effect on kidney function.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1986

Expression of class I and class II major histocompatibility complex antigens on epithelial cells in recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

The concept of an immunopathogenesis in the establishment and progression of the recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) lesion is well accepted. In this study the expression of Class I and Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens on the epithelial cells in the preulcerative, ulcerative and healing phases of RAS lesions was investigated using monoclonal antibodies in an immunohistological technique. Both Class I and Class II MHC antigens were found on the basal cells in preulcerative lesions. As the lesions progressed to the ulcerative phase, antigen expression occurred on the cell membranes throughout the entire thickness of the epithelium. With healing, the expression of both Class I and Class II MHC antigens on epithelial cells declined to a stage where there was little or no detectable antigen on the cell membranes. Although cytotoxicity of epithelial cells in RAS lesions is accepted, the role of MHC antigen expression on these cells is uncertain and remains to be ascertained. Nevertheless, the results of the present study indicate that MHC antigens are expressed by epithelial cells in RAS and their expression follows a defined sequence.

Epithelium↗
PubMed1985

Calcitonin cell population and distribution in the thyroid gland of the rat.

Calcitonin-containing cells (C cells) were identified in male Wistar white rats using an immunoperoxidase technique. They occupied a central position within the thyroid; very few were found peripherally, inferiorly, and superiorly; and none were present in the isthmus. The number of calcitonin-containing cells present per gram of body weight increased with age up to 70 days and had declined by 100 days. Determining the true total C-cell count through the entire thyroid is a very laborious procedure. However, a simple estimate of this total count can be made; the total number of C cells in every tenth section (6 microns) of thyroid was found to be highly correlated with the weight of the animal expressed as an allometric function. A better estimate can be derived from counts of just three sections: the tenth, twentieth, and thirtieth after the section of greatest cross sectional area.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

T-lymphocyte subset changes in recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Immunocytochemical techniques using monoclonal antibodies directed against T-lymphocyte surface antigens (OKT3, OKT4, and OKT8) were used to investigate changes in the T-cell subpopulations throughout the natural time course of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). All lesions contained large numbers of OKT3-positive T cells. Preulcerative lesions were characterized by many OKT4-positive inducer/helper cells and few OKT8-positive suppressor/cytotoxic cells (T4:T8 approximately equal to 2:1). The ulcerative lesion contained large numbers of OKT8-positive suppressor/cytotoxic cells and only a very small number of OKT4-positive cells (T4:T8 approximately equal to 1:10). The healing lesion once again became dominated by OKT4-positive cells, with only a small number of OKT8 positive cells present (T4:T8 approximately equal to 10:1). The results support the role of lymphocytotoxicity in the establishment of the RAS lesion and may suggest a local immunoregulatory imbalance. NK cells, Leu-7 positive, were also identified in the preulcerative lesions and very early ulcerative lesions.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Effects of a single intravenous dose of sodium fluoride on plasma electrolytes and metabolites in rats, rabbits, and cockerels.

This study assessed the effect of a single intravenous dose of sodium fluoride (20 mg/kg body wt.) on plasma ionic fluoride and on some other plasma electrolytes and metabolites in rats, rabbits, and cockerels. At any given time following sodium fluoride administration, the plasma ionic fluoride was highest in rabbits and lowest in cockerels. The rate of removal of fluoride from plasma was slower in rabbits as compared with that in the other two species. Plasma sodium, chloride, total protein, albumin, total globulins, and osmolality were not significantly altered by sodium fluoride in any of these three species. However, plasma phosphate (inorganic), urea, creatinine, and glucose were elevated, and plasma calcium was reduced in the rats and the rabbits, but none was significantly altered in the cockerels. The analyses indicated that species variability does exist in fluoride toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Acute fluoride poisoning after ingestion of sodium fluoride tablets.

Between 1978 and 1983, at least 20 children with fluoride poisoning were admitted to two major children's hospitals in Brisbane. Data on telephone calls received by Poisons Information Centres in Australia about fluoride toxicity show that Brisbane, the water supply of which is not fluoridated, received approximately twice as many calls per head of population as were received in Sydney and Melbourne. Concern is also expressed at the standard of packaging of fluoride tablets currently marketed in Australia. A treatment plan for cases of acute fluoride poisoning after oral ingestion is presented.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Effect of long-term administration of fluoride on the levels of EDTA-soluble protein and gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in rat incisor teeth.

EDTA-soluble material, extracted from incisor teeth of rats given 50 ppm fluoride (NaF) in drinking water ad libitum from conception to age nine wk, contained significantly higher levels of protein (P less than 0.01) and gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (P less than 0.01) than did similar material from control rats. Tooth fluoride levels indicated that the incisors were mildly fluorosed. Analysis of these data indicates that mild fluorosis of rat incisor teeth involves not only the characteristic disturbances of pigmentation and mineral structure but also some alteration of the matrix protein.

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗
PubMed1982

Criteria which may influence selection of dental students.

Academic qualifications are used as either the principal or the only criteria for selection of dental students. The view is often put forward that selection procedures should also identify and take into account those non-academic attributes which are considered to be predictive of the qualities which characterize a successful dentist. The aim of this study was to identify those qualities as assessed by students, dentists and patients and to consider their implications in relation to the selection procedures in Queensland. No major factors were found which could be used to improve the existing selection procedures.

Australia↗