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Biomedical subjects

B J Preston

Publications and source records attributed to B J Preston.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the knee: examples of normal anatomy and pathology.

Nuclear magnetic resonance images of the knee were obtained from three normal volunteers and from two patients. The pathology included an osteosarcoma of the distal femur and a fracture of the tibia. Steady State Free Precession (SSFP) techniques were used with a 0.15 Tesla resistive type magnet. Normal anatomy was well displayed and the size of the osteosarcoma was accurately predicted. Using SSFP techniques, the blood in the knee joint was not visualised, but the underlying tibial fracture was clearly outlined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Staging breast cancer: role of bone scanning.

Bone scans using technetium-99m phosphate complexes and a rectilinear scanner were carried out on 192 women with primary operable breast cancer four to six weeks after operation. The lymph node status of all these patients was assessed histologically from triple node biopsy specimens. Only nine patients had positive scans, although 94 patients had histological evidence that the tumour had already spread beyond the confines of the breast. Bone scanning, although accurate as a prognostic guide, is helpful only in a very few cases, and serves mainly to confirm prognostic information obtained more simply and less extensively by histological examination of lymph node biopsy specimens.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Investigation of shoulder disability by arthrography.

Fifty patients with pain and limitation of movement at the shoulder joint were investigated by arthrography. Normal findings using a double contrast technique are described. The main arthrographic patterns encountered were found in complete and incomplete tears of the rotator cuff, and capsulitis. Abnormalities of the bicipital tendon sheath were non-filling and leakage of contrast medium from the sheath. Extravasation of contrast medium from the bicipital tendon sheath and subscapularis bursa was considered to be due to over-distension of a joint with a reduced capacity. The accuracy of the procedure and the reasons for false negative arthrograms and surgical exploration are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Oesophageal motor changes in diabetes mellitus.

Radiography and manometry have been used to study oesophageal motor function in a group of 31 diabetics, 23 of whom had alimentary or genitourinary symptoms attributed to autonomic neuropathy. Peristalsis was of diminished amplitude and oesophageal emptying in the 15 degrees Trendelen-Peristalsis was of diminished amplitude and oesophageal emptying in the 15 degrees Trendelenburg position was delayed. The lower oesophageal sphincter pressure was reduced. The changes seldom caused symptoms and they were not confined to those diabetics with alimentary or genitourinary symptoms attributable to autonomic neuropathy. They suggest that autonomic neuropathy in diabetes is widespread and often subclinical. Degeneration of the ganglion cells of the oesophageal myenteric plexus is associated with hypersensitivity of the oesophageal smooth muscle to cholinergic agents. Bethanecol, a cholinergic drug with muscarinic actions, accelerated oesophageal emptying and increased the lower oesophageal sphincter pressure to normal levels in our diabetics but the hypersensitivity to this drug found in the presence of ganglion cell degeneration was not seen. This implies that in diabetic autonomic neuropathy the predominant lesion is in the preganglionic fibres of the vagus rather than in the myenteric plexus of the oesophageal wall.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1975

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting with osseous lesions.

Eight cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting with bone symptoms are reported. The radiological appearances of these tumours are described. The importance of radiology in differentiating a primary lymphoma of bone from a lymphoma arising from other organs which has subsequently metastasised to the skeleton is briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outcome after hemiarthroplasty for three- and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus.

We reviewed 27 patients who had sustained displaced three- or four-part fractures of the proximal humerus and who were treated with a humeral hemiarthroplasty. Seventeen patients had a three-part fracture, and 10 had a four-part fracture. The mean follow-up period was 39 months (12 to 94 months). All fractures were classified according to Neer's classification. The Constant score was used for their follow-up evaluation. The median Constant score at follow-up was 51 for the three-part fractures and 46 for the four-part fractures. The median range of movement for all the patients in flexion was 70 degrees, abduction 70 degrees, internal rotation 50 degrees, and external rotation 45 degrees. Nine patients still had moderate or severe pain. Eight patients had moderate or severe disability. Our results were disappointing, and further studies on open reduction and fixation are therefore justified.

Aged↗