[Information about sterilization].
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Denmark↗
Biomedical subjects
B Jacobsen
Publications and source records attributed to B Jacobsen.
[Angiomyolipomas in the kidney. A review].
Renal angiomyolipomata are rare, benign hamartomata composed of various amounts of fat, smooth muscle and blood vessels. The tumours may have an extremely variable clinical presentation which may be difficult to distinguish from other renal disorders. By combining the use of ultrasound- and CT-scanning, it is possible to make a definite diagnosis thus obviating usually unnecessary nephrectomy. Only symptomatic tumours require treatment. The treatment is directed mainly towards preventing or stopping bleeding. In cases where intervention is considered to be indicated, embolization should be carried out if possible. Otherwise, the renal surgery should preserve as much of the kidney as possible. Nephrectomy is indicated only for uncontrollable life-threatening bleeding, tumours which involve the whole kidney or in the presence of simultaneous carcinoma.
Adult↗
Intrauterine devices in nulliparous women.
The majority of studies on the clinical events following the insertion of an intrauterine device for contraception have observed a higher frequency of adverse effects in nulliparous women. In this review, the significance of nulliparity on the occurrence of medical removal for bleeding and pain, expulsion and pelvic inflammatory disease is estimated. The possible role of the anatomy of the pregravid uterus is discussed, and results obtained through a selective measurement of the endometrial cavity in a population of nulligravidas is presented. It is concluded that IUDs should not be the first choice of contraception in nulliparous women because of an increased risk of long-term adverse effects. The relationship between the length of the intrauterine device and the length of the endometrial cavity does not seem to be of clinical significance for the performance of IUDs in nulliparous women.
Female↗
Popliteal venous aneurysms with or without pulmonary embolism.
Popliteal venous aneurysms are rare and are most often found in patients with pulmonary embolism suggesting that such aneurysms are thrombogenic. Only 16 cases have been found in the past and only a few of these patients were without thrombus or pulmonary embolism. In this paper three patients are presented of whom two showed signs of thrombus. Surgical resection was performed to prevent thrombosis with a successful result. The literature is reviewed and according to this and our own experience surgical resection under cover of anti-coagulation is recommended. Our surgical technique is presented.
Aged↗
Apparent zearalenone intoxication in a dairy herd from feeding spoiled acid-treated corn.
High-moisture corn was treated with a propionic acid preservative and stored in a 40,000 bushel steel bin. This corn heated and spoiled in storage and subsequently was retreated with the preservative. The out-of-condition corn was used as an ingredient in the ration for a dairy herd of cows and replacement heifers. The finished feed was cultured for fungi and assayed for mycotoxins. Results were 750,000 Fusarium spp colonies/g of feed, and 1.5 mg zearaleonone and 1.0 mg deoxynivalenol/kg of feed. Frequent episodes of behavioral estrus of 2 to 5 d duration, that were not synchronized with the ovarian cycle, were observed. Cows in the second and third trimester of pregnancy also has episodes of behavioral estrus. Idiopathic vaginitis was diagnosed. Mammary development occurred in the prepubertal heifers. Cows bred in true estrus were found in true estrus 35 to 55 d later. All of the heifers with precocious mammary development were subsequently culled from the herd because of sterility.
Animal Feed↗
Transcutaneous bilirubinometer: intermeter reliability.
This study examined intermeter reliability on two transcutaneous bilirubinometers on 30 white prephototherapy infants between 36 and 42 weeks' gestation with birthweights greater than 2500 g. All infants were screened with both meters, on the forehead, within a 5-minute period. Meter readings were taken within 30 minutes following infant heelstick for serum bilirubin. The Pearson correlations between serum bilirubin and jaundice meter measurements were .75 for meter 1 and .76 for meter 2. The correlation between jaundice meter indices from the two meters was .87, leaving 13% of the variance in one meter not accounted for by the correlation with the other meter. An examination of the differences between the two meters revealed that in the upper range (greater than or equal to 16) meter 1 was always higher than meter 2 by, on the average, 2.6 points (SD = 1.3). In readings of 15 or less, the differences between the meters were inconsistent. Additionally, in 16 of 30 cases, the action levels from the two meters led to the same conclusion; in the remaining 14 cases, meter 1 gave a positive reading (indicating the need to determine serum bilirubin) while meter 2 gave an equivocal reading (indicating user discretion in deciding whether serum bilirubin should be determined). These data indicate that each meter should be individually evaluated to determine action indices, and that jaundice meters should not be used interchangeably on the same infant.
Bilirubin↗
Cutaneous ergotism in a herd of dairy calves.
Weather conditions in northern Illinois favored infection of pasture grasses with Claviceps purpurea. A herd of 52 Holstein heifers selectively grazed the seedheads of an orchard grassbromegrass pasture infected with C purpurea and were poisoned. Peptide alkaloids were found in the sclerotia. Clinical signs of intoxication included lameness, edema of the hind limbs, epilation, areas of skin necrosis, and diarrhea. Pathologic findings included myopachynsis of arterioles in the deep dermal areas, lungs, kidney, spleen, submucosa of small intestines and cerebral cortex, focal cracks on the hoofs, and multifocal areas of detachment of the hoof wall. Of the 52 heifers, 3 died on the farm, 1 was euthanatized, and 3 were sold. The remaining heifers conceived without difficulty, and subsequent calvings were uncomplicated.
Animal Feed↗
Accuracy of dynamic ultrasonography in the diagnosis of malignant liver lesions.
In order to assess the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic ultrasonography of malignant liver processes, 350 patients suspected of having malignant liver disease who had been examined sonographically were retrospectively classified as to the true diagnosis at the time of scanning. The true diagnosis was obtained in 218 cases. The prevalence of malignant lesions was 38 per cent. Comparison with the ultrasonographic findings yielded two false positive, five false negative, and eight inconclusive answers. The predictive diagnostic values were 97 and 96 per cent for positive and negative findings, respectively. It is concluded that in hospitals with an experienced ultrasound staff and modern dynamic gray-scale equipment, ultrasonography is the examination of choice in cases of suspected liver processes.
Aged↗
Episiotomy repair--immediate and long-term sequelae. A prospective randomized study of three different methods of repair.
Three methods of episiotomy repair were randomly assigned after 900 consecutive deliveries. The three procedures were: (1) continuous No. 00-plain catgut in the vagina; No. 00-plain catgut interrupted stitches in the perineal muscles and fascia, and No. 00-nylon interrupted stitches in the skin. (2) The same technique as in (1), but with No. 0-polyglycolic acid (Dexon) in all layers. (3) The suture material as in (2), but used with a subcuticular technique. The women treated with method 3 reported statistically significant less pain and disabilities in the early puerperium. Three months after delivery 262 women (33%) still had perineal complaints which could be directly related to the episiotomy in 25% (8% of total number). The group treated with method 3 had the best long-term results and we conclude that the subcuticular technique using polyglycolic acid should be the method of choice.
Catgut↗
High frequency of goitre in cigarette smokers.
Thyroid function, the clinical occurrence of goitre and ultrasonically determined thyroid gland volume were investigated in 219 healthy subjects randomly chosen from hospital employees. Thirty-five subjects (16%) had a clinically detectable goitre. The frequency of goitre among smokers was higher (32 of 107, 30%) than among non-smokers (3 of 112, 3%), (P less than 0.001). Median thyroid volume was significantly higher in smokers, 26 ml (range 11-55 ml), compared with non-smokers, 15 ml (range 8-37 ml), (P less than 0.001). The median serum thyroglobulin levels were significantly higher and median serum thyrotropin levels lower in smokers compared with non-smokers. There were no differences between the groups regarding serum levels of T4, T3, rT3, free T4 index, free T3 index, thyroglobulin antibodies and 131I uptake (24 h) in the thyroid gland. It is suggested that these findings could partly be due to inhaled thiocyanate and/or increased adrenergic stimulation of the thyroid gland in smokers.
Adolescent↗
Nephroblastoma. Results and complications of treatment.
Treatment results in 31 patients with nephroblastoma are reported. Survival seemed superior in patients who received Actinomycin-D in addition to surgery and postoperative irradiation. Twelve long-term surviving children were evaluated for side-effects of the treatment. Although inhibition of growth and other abnormalities occurred in most survivors, little permanent disability and dysfunction appears to have resulted from the treatment.
Adipose Tissue↗
Intrauterine injection of vitamin K before the delivery during anticoagulant therapy of the mother.
The coagulation factors PP% (Factors II+IV), factor IX and factor X were determined in infants born by mothers receiving anticoagulants. The factors were very low when the mothers did not receive vitamin K before the delivery. No significant improvement in the factors was observed after an intravenous or intraamniotic injection of vitamin K two to four days before the delivery. Vitamin K was injected intramuscularly into four foetuses in utero using an ultrasonic multitransducer scanner. Three of these infants had normal coagulation factors at birth. In the fourth case the factor X was normal and factor IX was significantly better than in the infants of the other groups. The injection had no harmful effects to the infants.
Adult↗
[Mini-interview with district chairman Bodil Jacobsen, Vestsjaellands county: team work with representatives is the most essential].
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Denmark↗
Medium chain triglycerides for treatment of spontaneous, neonatal chylothorax. Lipid analysis of the chyle.
Volume and contents of lipid and protein in the pleural fluid from a three weeks old girl with spontaneous chylothorax were studied (a) during parenteral, nonfatty nutrition and later (b) during administration of a formula (Biosorbin) containing medium chain triglycerides (MCT). The pleural fluid production could not be correlated to the treatment employed but suddenly ceased after 20 days management. Triglyceride and total esterified fatty acid concentrations in pleural fluid were high on admission when feeded with human milk, and chylomicrons and other lipoproteins were present in the chyle. During parenteral treatment a pronounced decrease in pleural fluid concentrations of triglyceride and total fatty acids occurred concomitant with a disappearance of the chylomicrons. During the following MCT diet a pronounced increase in triglyceride and total fatty acids concentrations appeared and the chylomicrons reappeared in the chyle. The cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations in the pleural fluid showed only small changes during the different treatments. No significant changes in protein and albumin concentrations of chyle were observed. It is concluded, that administration of the Biosorbin MCT formula, containing 871/2% of the fat as MCT, seems without value ih the treatment of spontaneous, neonatal chylothorax.
Chyle↗
Alcoholism in schizophrenics and their relatives.
The possible interrelation of schizophrenia and alcoholism was examined by comparing schizophrenic adoptees and their biological relatives with control adoptees and their biological relatives. Neither schizophrenics nor their relatives had higher rates of alcoholism than did controls.
Alcoholism↗
Transfer factor treatment of multiple sclerosis. A pilot study.
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Clinical Trials as Topic↗
Mental illness in the biological and adoptive families of adopted individuals who have become schizophrenic.
In a sample of 5483 adults who had been legally adopted early in life by persons not biologically related to them, 33 were identified, from mental hospital records for whom a diagnosis of definite schizophrenia (chronic, latent, or acute) could be agreed upon by four raters. An equal number of matched controls were selected from the sample of adopted individuals who had never been admitted to a mental hospital. Ninety percent of the living parents, siblings, and half-siblings, biological and adoptive, cooperated in an extensive psychiatric interview permitting a consensus diagnosis by three blind raters. Schizophrenia and uncertain schizophrenia were found to be significantly concentrated in the population genetically related to the schizophrenic adoptees. Their adoptive relatives did not differ from the control populations in the prevalence of schizophrenic illness.
Adoption↗
Differential fertility of adopted schizophrenics and their half-siblings.
The paper presents data on the differential fertility of schizophrenics and controls, and the fertility of their siblings. This study used several methodological procedures in the study of schizophrenia reproduction, which strengthens the validity of the findings. Firstly, both male and female rates were examined. Secondly, the method of selection of a control avoided the biases introduced by using census data or other non-matched controls. Third, a diagnostic criterion was used which minimizes the possibility of the inclusion of other psychiatric illnesses. The results obtained support prior reports of the lowered reproductive rates of schizophrenics. Further, the siblings of schizophrenics were found not to have a reproductive advantage when contrasted to control siblings. The failure to find a reproductive advantage conflicts with a hypothesis of a balanced polymorphism as the mechanism maintaining an apparent constant rate of schizophrenia.
Adult↗