Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B Janevski.
A 9-year-old boy with paroxysmal headache suffered persistent, focal neurologic deficit in the vertebral-basilar artery territory. Angiography showed dissecting aneurysm and "a string of beads" lesion in the third segment of the left vertebral artery compatible with fibromuscular dysplasia.
This report gives a description of 4 male patients, two of whom are sibs, two of whom are uncle and cousin. They appear to have psychomotor retardation, spastic quadriparesis and on CT (partial) agencies of the corpus callosum, and irregular lining of the lateral ventricles, without craniofacial abnormalities or seizures. Although the mode of inheritance of agenesis of the corpus callosum is still difficult to establish, in these 4 male patients an X-linked recessive inheritance is the most likely mode. A review of the literature with concern to the heredity of agenesis of the corpus callosum is presented. The clinical and neurological findings in the present four male patients allow for the delineation of a new X-linked mental retardation syndrome.
The solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is an uncommon entity consisting of a rectal abnormality caused by straining during defecation and characterized by specific histologic changes. Endoscopy may show single or multiple ulcers or a preulcerative phase consisting of mucosal thickening. Findings on barium enema may be normal or nonspecific, consisting of a thickened valve of Houston, nodularity, and rectal stricture. Pathologic changes consist of replacement of the lamina propria by fibroblasts and smooth muscle fibers with marked hypertrophy of the muscularis mucosae. In five patients with histologically proved solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, defecography was performed to evaluate the accompanying defecation disorder. Two patients showed the spastic pelvic floor syndrome, characterized by failure of relaxation of the pelvic floor musculature during straining. In the remaining three, defecography showed an infolding of the rectal wall toward the rectal lumen increasing gradually to form an intussusception. The results indicate that defecography is useful to show the underlying disorder of defecation in the solitary rectal ulcer syndrome.
The angiographic signs, the frequency and the site of distribution of acute emboli of the arteries of the upper extremity are described. The conclusions are based on the author's own experience gained from selective studies of acute arterial embolism of the upper limb, during a period of 15 years. A comparison is made with the results of two of the largest series reported in the literature. In addition, a brief review of the aetiology, pathogenesis, the clinical and roentgenological signs of the condition is given.
The arteriographic features of the arteries of the hand in 12 patients with biopsy proven scleroderma are discussed. The lesions were primarily observed in the proper digital arteries and less frequently in the ulnar artery, the superficial arch and the common digital arteries. In this series the radial artery and the deep palmar arch were never affected.
A case of tuberculous brain abscess occurred in spite of 4 months' treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with a triple drug anti-tuberculous regimen. Surgical removal and further chemotherapy were successful.
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In order to document the hemodynamic results of transluminal iliac artery balloon dilatation, 23 aortoiliac segments were evaluated before and after treatment. Hemodynamic parameters were: intra-arterial common femoral pressure measurements, indirect ankle pressure measurements and femoral velocity waveform analysis. The segments were divided into group (a) aortoiliac segments with an open superficial femoral artery (n = 8), and group (b) aortoiliac segments with an occluded superficial femoral artery (n = 15). In group (a) all patients were free of symptoms and ankle pressure improved significantly six months after dilatation. Velocity waveform analysis of the common femoral artery did not correlate with this improvement. In group (b) intra-arterial pressure measurements showed improvement in 60% (9/15) after six months. Ankle pressure measurements and velocity waveform analysis did not correlate with the intra-arterial pressure changes. Transluminal iliac artery balloon dilatation of iliac stenosis in patients with an open superficial femoral artery can be evaluated by indirect ankle pressure measurements. In patients with iliac stenosis in combination with occluded superficial femoral arteries intra-arterial pressure measurements are needed to demonstrate hemodynamic improvement.
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Case report of local low dose streptokinase therapy in a patient with acute occlusion of the left branch of an aortobifurcation graft. Objective evidence of complete thrombolysis was demonstrated both by arteriography and hemodynamic parameters. In carefully selected cases this thrombolytic therapy is a promising alternative to surgery.
Cranial nerve dysfunction, obstruction hydrocephalus, signs of brain stem dysfunction, and signs of a space-occupying lesion in the posterior fossa are presumed to be related to a megadolicho basilar artery, if present. Since there are no large series of patients with such vascular anomaly, a bias in relating symptoms with the presence of a megadolicho basilar artery is not excluded. We therefore studied retrospectively the incidence of megadolicho and dolicho basilar artery on cranial CT-scan of 3332 patients of 50 years and older. Patient records were reviewed for the above mentioned symptoms. 12 out of 22 patients with a megadolicho basilar artery and 2 patients out of 40 with a dolicho basilar artery had one or two of these symptoms. It is concluded that a megadolicho basilar artery can cause cranial nerve dysfunction, obstruction hydrocephalus, signs of brain stem dysfunction, and signs of a space-occupying lesion in the posterior fossa.
The case history of a 25-year-old man who sustained a blunt trauma to the chest in a car accident and developed a false aneurysm of the aortic isthmus is reported. The injury of the aortic arch was not initially recognized. The diagnosis was established on the chest X-rays and arteriograms obtained 1 year after the trauma. The clinical and radiological signs of closed injuries of the aortic arch are reviewed.
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A patient is presented suffering a hemiparesis. Megadolicho-vascular malformation of the intracranial part of the internal carotid arteries and some of its branches and of the basilar artery was suggested by CT and confirmed by angiography. The value of CT compared with angiography in relation to intracranial megadolicho vascular malformations is discussed.
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