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B Janke

Publications and source records attributed to B Janke.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Characterization of the humoral immune response of experimentally infected and vaccinated pigs to swine influenza viral proteins.

The value of serologic tests for diagnosis of swine influenza virus (SIV) infection has been diminished by the emergence of new subtypes and by antigenic drift within subtype. The intensive use of vaccination also has complicated interpretation of serology results. Serologic assays are needed that can detect infection regardless of subtype or antigenic variation and that can differentiate antibody induced by infection from that induced by vaccination. In this study, the antibody responses to specific viral proteins in pigs infected by or vaccinated for SIV were characterized by Western immunoblot. Both IgM and IgG against hemagglutinin, nucleoprotein, NS1 and NS2 were detected in experimentally infected pigs by 7 days post inoculation (DPI). IgG against these proteins was still detectable at the end of the study (28 DPI). In contrast, IgG against neuraminidase and M1 was not detected until 14 DPI and no IgM against these proteins was detected. In vaccinated pigs, no antibody against NS1 was detected while antibody responses to other proteins were identical to those in exposed pigs. In conclusion, nucleoprotein may be a suitable antigen for use in a subtype-unrestricted serologic assay. NS1 protein may be suitable for a serologic assay that differentiates between infected and vaccinated pigs.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Exogenous porcine viruses.

Porcine organs, cells and tissues provide a viable source of transplants in humans, though there is some concern of public health risk from adaptation of swine infectious agents in humans. Limited information is available on the public health risk of many exogenous swine viruses, and reliable and rapid diagnostic tests are available for only a few of these. The ability of several porcine viruses to cause transplacental fetal infection (parvoviruses, circoviruses, and arteriviruses), emergence or recognition of several new porcine viruses during the last two decades (porcine circovirus, arterivirus, paramyxoviruses, herpesviruses, and porcine respiratory coronavirus) and the immunosuppressed state of the transplant recipients increases the xenozoonoses risk of humans to porcine viruses through transplantation. Much of this risk can be eliminated with vigilance and sustained monitoring along with a better understanding of pathogenesis and development of better diagnostic tests. In this review we present information on selected exogenous viruses, highlighting their characteristics, pathogenesis of viral infections in swine, methods for their detection, and the potential xenozoonoses risk they present. Emphasis has been given in this review to swine influenza virus, paramyxovirus (Nipah virus, Menagle virus, LaPiedad paramyxovirus, porcine paramyxovirus), arterivirus (porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) and circovirus as either they represent new swine viruses or present the greatest risk. We have also presented information on porcine parvovirus, Japanese encephalitis virus, encephalomyocarditis virus, herpesviruses (pseudorabies virus, porcine lymphotropic herpesvirus, porcine cytomegalovirus), coronaviruses (TGEV, PRCV, HEV, PEDV) and adenovirus. The potential of swine viruses to infect humans needs to be assessed in vitro and in vivo and rapid and more reliable diagnostic methods need to be developed to assure safe supply of porcine tissues and cells for xenotransplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

A subtractive hybridisation analysis of genomic differences between the uropathogenic E. coli strain 536 and the E. coli K-12 strain MG1655.

Suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH) was performed to identify genomic differences between the uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain 536 and the non-pathogenic E. coli K-12 strain MG1655. In total, 22 DNA fragments were isolated which were specific for strain 536. Five of these fragments showed homology to known virulence determinants and four fragments matched genes for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or capsule biosynthesis and a siderophore receptor. Seven fragments did not show any homology to known genes. These fragments may represent parts of putative pathogenicity islands (PAIs). Whereas two fragments were highly specific for uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), the other fragments could also be detected among the other tested wild-type strains.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed2000

Toxin genes on pathogenicity islands: impact for microbial evolution.

Toxin-specific genes are often located on mobile genetic elements such as phages, plasmids and pathogenicity islands (PAIs). The uropathogenic E. coli strain 536 carries two alpha-hemolysin gene clusters, which are part of the pathogenicity islands I536 and II536, respectively. Using different genetic techniques, two additional PAIs were identified in the genome of the E. coli strain 536, and it is likely that further PAIs are located on the genome of this strain. Pathogenicity islands are often associated with tRNA genes. In the case of the E. coli strain 536, the PAI-associated tRNA gene leuX, which encodes a minor leucyl-tRNA, affects the expression of various virulence traits including alpha-hemolysin production. The exact mode of action of the tRNA5Leu-dependent gene expression has to be identified in the future.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMed1993

Systemic Pasteurella haemolytica infection as a rare sequel to avirulent live Pasteurella haemolytica vaccination in cattle.

Eleven cases of systemic Pasteurella haemolytica infection in cattle were identified from routine diagnostic laboratory submissions during the falls of 1988, 1989, and 1991. All cases came with a history of recent vaccination with an avirulent live culture P. haemolytica product. Nine of 11 cases involved cattle vaccinated between 2 and 18 days previously with this product. Ten of 11 cases involved 182-227-kg beef calves that were vaccinated between September and November during routine processing for entry into feedlots. The morbidity and mortality was generally low. The major pathologic findings included meningitis, injection site abscessation and/or cellulitis, and polyarthritis. Systemic infection was indicated in all cases by the isolation of P. haemolytica from 2 or more organs or distinct anatomical sites. In 6 cases, the vaccine injection site was cultured, and in all 6 cases, P. haemolytica was isolated. Three separate P. haemolytica isolates from 2 cases were further studied by restriction enzyme analysis (REA). These isolates were from tissues with suppurative inflammation, including the brain, joint, and injection site. The REA patterns of each of these 3 isolates were identical to the REA pattern of the vaccine masterseed, which strongly suggested that the organisms causing systemic infection were the same as the organism used to produce the vaccine. Because the overall incidence was quite low, other factors, such as stress, probably played a major role in the expression of this syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of ambazone and ambazone derivatives on immunologic processes in human lymphocytes].

The influence of 1,4-benzoquinone-guanylhydrazone-thio-semicarbazone (1; ambazone), toluquinone-guanylhydrazone-thiosemicarbazone (2; ambazone 82/80) and p-(thio-semicarbacido)-diaminomethylenehydrazino benzene (3; dihydroambazone) on phytomitogen induced stimulation processes of human lymphocytes was studied. Con A- or PHA-stimulated lymphocytes of healthy probands were treated in vitro with the drugs and the DNA synthesis rate was evaluated by the use of the 3H-labelled thymidine incorporation. A concentration dependent inhibition of the DNA synthesis rate in a comparable quantity for all the tested drugs was found. DNA synthesis was inhibited nearly completely by drug application in a concentration range of 10(-4) mol/l. To check for a possible interference of mitogen stimulation and drug action, 3 was added to the lymphocyte cultures either together with PHA, prior to or after addition of the mitogen. Experiments showed, the sooner the drug acted on the stimulation process, the stronger the DNA synthesis was inhibited.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cationic anticancer drugs and their modes of action.

This report focuses on two groups of cationic cancerostatics, anthracycline antibiotics and 1,4-benzoquinone-guanylhydrazone-thiosemicarbazone (ambazone), lining up biophysical and biochemical effects on the level of membranes and membrane constituents. The interaction of both drugs with multilamellar liposomes consisting of phosphatidylcholine used as a simple model membrane system could be ensured by means of steady state and nanosecond time-resolved fluorometric investigations. The biochemical effect on membranes is underlined by the inhibition of the neuraminidase activity of the Sendai virus, modification of the CAMP phosphodiesterase activity of leukemia L 1210 cells of mice and reduction of the lymphocyte blast transformation.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗