Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B Jordan.
Preclinical and clinical observations suggest that enhancement of prostaglandin activity inhibits catecholamine release and may have antidyskinetic effects. A double-blind therapeutic trial with prostaglandin precursor essential fatty acids was conducted in 16 patients with tardive dyskinesia. No beneficial effects were seen.
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Cloned genes for human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens were introduced by DNA-mediated gene transfer into a high-efficiency transfection recipient (HTR) cell line previously derived from mouse mastocytoma P815. Cell surface expression of HLA-A3, AW24 and CW3 gene products on P815 transfectants was demonstrated by radioimmune assay and by flow cytometry. The human MHC class I gene products were apparently expressed on P815 transfectants in a form recognized by human cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). Human CTL generated in unidirectional mixed lymphocyte culture against AW24+ donor lymphocytes clearly lysed P815-HLA-AW24+ transfectant target cells, but not untransfected P815(HTR) controls. Moreover, P815-HLA transfectants could stimulate in vitro a significant alloreactive human CTL response. Lysis of P815-HLA transfectant target cells by human CTL was inhibited by a monoclonal antibody directed against human MHC class I gene products. These mouse cell transfectants may be useful for the study of human T cell responses.
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Site-specific antibodies to HLA class I molecules have been raised in rabbits immunized with a synthetic peptide with the same amino acid sequence as HLA residues 328-338, which corresponds to the highly conserved intracytoplasmic region. Antibodies were detected by radioimmunoassay and were able to recognize isolated HLA heavy chains blotted onto nitrocellulose as well as the biosynthetically labeled HLA-beta 2 microglobulin complexes solubilized by non-ionic detergents. The intracellular localization of the determinants recognized by the antibodies was shown by indirect immunofluorescence labeling and the specificity of the reaction confirmed by its inhibition with the synthetic peptide. No cross-reaction was seen with H-2 antigens on murine cells. These antibodies will be important for further characterization of HLA antigens and detection of their expression in mouse cells transfected with human genes.
External cephalic version (ECV), the transabdominal manipulation of a breech-presenting fetus into a head-down position before birth, is common in traditional ethno -obstetric systems as well as in the modern scientific obstetrics of Europe. In the United States, this practice has fallen out of use and is no longer taught in medical schools or obstetric residencies. The currently standard American management options for breech are either breech delivery or, most frequently, cesarean section. This paper examines the historical and cross cultural distribution of ECV, describes the various methods for effecting version of the fetus, and assesses the risks of the procedure. It is concluded that the data available are inadequate to either condemn the practice or to advocate it without reservation. It is suggested that ECV may constitute an attractive conservative management strategy for breech presentation in scientific obstetric systems as well as in those developing countries where the skill to do versions is part of the traditional inventory of midwifery skills.
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In human cells treated with interferon, there is an increase in the amount of HLA-A, B, C mRNA and, to a lower extent, membrane-bound antigen. However, the mechanism of this mRNA enhancement is still unknown. Using mouse L cells transfected with a unique class I HLA gene, we were able to show that both the related HLA mRNA and protein are increased after murine but not human interferon treatment. Moreover, the discrepancy between interferon-directed HLA mRNA and protein enhancement is also observed. The mouse transfected cells allowed us to study more precisely the origin of this discrepancy.
The analysis of IgD molecules produced by the tumor-derived IR 731 cell line showed that these molecules are not secreted and are only present at the cell surface as covalent dimers of 48 000 dalton delta chains. The original IR 731 tumor secreted complete IgD; thus, the disppearance of secretion in the cell line was correlated with the absence of light chain synthesis. The mRNA coding for the cell line delta chain was isolated and translated. The analysis of the translated delta chain (mol. wt.: 40 000) confirmed the absence of a region having the size of a domain as previously shown by partial amino acid sequence. The observation that the absence in delta chain of this region, which comprises most of the CH2 domain, could be a general feature of murine species is discussed.
Forty inpatient volunteers with diagnoses of schizophrenia were randomly assigned to treatment either with trebenzomine or thioridazine in a double-blind study of clinical antipsychotic efficacy following a 1-week placebo treatment. Psychopathology was rated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI). There was a significant difference in therapeutic response to the two drugs in that psychopathology decreased significantly for the thioridazine group, but not for the trebenzomine group. Serum prolactin was elevated during treatment with thioridazine, but not with trebenzomine. Side effects were more frequently reported for the thioridazine group. These results fail to confirm previous reports of clinical antipsychotic efficacy for trebenzomine.
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In a comparative description of norm- and anencephal fetus typical heart rate patterns at death in utero are demonstrated and the imminent danger is described by 5 characteristic parameters. As several figures show heart rate patterns are not influenced by fetal deformation and immaturity. The sinusoidal oscillation is not imparative in prefinal stage.
1048 antepartal cardiotocogram of 230 pregnant women have been staged on the basis of the Fischer-Score published in April 1976. Their clinical and prognostical value has been evaluated. We compared this staging with other antepartal diagnostic parameters as there are: human-placental-lactogen, estriol and retrospectively the morphology of the placenta. Fischer-Score shows in 96,5% of all defined cases an exact and actual diagnosis of the fetal status. A Fischer-Score of 4 or less is not compatible with an improvement of the fetal status. Further stage of labour must be observed very carefully and preparations for caesarean section should be performed.
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