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Biomedical subjects

B Junod

Publications and source records attributed to B Junod.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Familial distribution of cholesterolemia, arterial blood pressure and relative weight].

The "Sion" study, a part of the Swiss National Research Program on Cardiovascular diseases, investigated the relationships between parents' and children's cholesterolemia, blood pressure and relative weight. After a health control at school 101 fathers and 108 mothers of ten year old children have been examined. The representativeness of these parents was studied using twice as many adults of the same age from Nyon and from Aarau. Direct significant statistical associations are then demonstrated between fathers' and children's blood pressure, cholesterolemia and relative weight. Analogous associations were found out for the last two variables only between mothers and children. Available data suggest that environmental determinants of risk factor exposure are more likely to explain these relationships. It then appears that the family represents a proper setting for primary prevention.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Evaluation of the comprehensiveness of a cancer register from death certificates].

The comparison of cancer prevalence with cancer mortality can lead under some hypotheses to an estimate of registration rate. A method is proposed, where the cases with cancer as a cause of death are divided into 3 categories: (1) cases already known by the registry (2) unknown cases having occured before the registry creation date (3) unknown cases occuring during the registry operates. The estimate is then the number of cases in the first category divided by the total of those in categories 1 and 3 (these only are to be registered). An application is performed on the data of the Canton de Vaud. Survival rates of the Norvegian Cancer Registry are used for computing the number of unknown cases to be included in second and third category, respectively. The discussion focusses on the possible determinants of the obtained comprehensiveness rates for various cancer sites.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Prevention of arteriosclerosis. Current basis].

Despite the advances in therapy, the high incidence, high mortality, and prematurity of coronary heart disease demonstrate the need for prevention. Measurement of a series of easily determined risk factors permits the early recognition of subjects at risk with remarkable reliability. However, reduction of risk factors affords protection against the illness only if they are causally connected with the disease mechanisms. The major evidence for linking atherosclerosis and its consequences with risk factors is reviewed. Particular attention is focused on serum lipids and the "lipid theory", smoking, elevated blood pressure, and physical inactivity, which are, on the basis of current knowledge, not only the most important factors but those most readily influenced by changes in daily living habits. Among the multiple risk factors mention is also made of obesity, diabetes, psychosocial stress, and hereditary predisposition. The probability of a causal relationship between risk factors and disease mechanisms justifies every effort to prevent the development of these precursors, or to treat them prophylactically if already present.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1979

[Standardization, a tool for the analysis of transversal data in epidemiology].

The direct method of standardization is mainly applied for eliminating undesirable effects of confounding variables in the comparison of several rates or means. This paper stresses the usefulness of standardization for detecting the statistical association between two variables. Under the assumption of a simple model implying two main effects and an interaction, it is discussed how the comparison between crude and standardized values measures altogether the main effect of the variable and the interaction. Furthermore, the variation in the population of the differences between crude and standardized values is shown to be an index of the effect of the variable for which it has been standardized.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMed1978

[Etio-epidemiology of mouth and pharyngeal neoplasms in Switzerland].

Cancer of the upper digestive tract is very common among males in Switzerland in comparison with 19 other industrialized countries. The sex ratio is closely correlated with the mortality rates in men in these countries. Cancers of these sites are relatively more frequent among young adults than for all the other sites. After a brief review of the main risk factors the discussion focuses on tobacco and alcoholic beverages consumption. The distribution of these two risk factors and their relationship to age in a sample of 226 patients in Lausanne is discussed. If compared, the geographical variations in Switzerland of both the occurrence of the disease and the amount of alcoholic beverages consumed suggests an association. Finally, it seems likely that carcinogenic substances exist in some of the Swiss beverages. A research hypothesis related to the difference between the mutagenic properties of the beverages used by cancer patients and by controls is proposed for further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Morphologic distribution of tumors occuring in the canton of Vaud].

After a short presentation of the methodological aspects of cancer registration and morphological coding, the results concerning cancer of the upper digestive tract, lung, testis and ovary were discussed. Some distributions of the main histological types are analysed by age, sex, site and multiple primaries. Known statistical associations are described between morphology and sex for lung cancer and between morphology and controlateral tumor for ovary.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[National Research Program on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases: plan of study].

The main objectives of the Swiss National Research Program on primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases are: 1) the reduction of known cardiovascular risk factors among the local populations of two intervention Communities compared to two "regular care" communities and 2) the provision of tested cost-effective methods for nation-wide use in the future control of CVD. The main focus during both the screening and the three years intervention phase will be on the total mobilization of community resources to induce behavior change (active participation of the population as well as the local health and social services system both in planning and implementation). A program such as this has to meet the challenge of developing a design that combines the needs for rigorous evaluation with a maximal amount of flexibility regarding the results of local initiative and involvement.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Incidence of cancer in the canton of Vaud. Etiologic hypotheses].

1,600 deaths are attributed to cancer in the Canton of Vaud, representing 23% of the total mortality. The incidence rates by sex for 12 cancer sites are compared, the data being taken from 3 cancer registries : Vaud, Geneva and the Saar (West Germany). The most important risk factors are mentioned for those sites with the highest rates. For men, cancers of the upper digestive and respiratory tract rank second, when the expectation of life associated with the age of onset of tumours of this site is taken into account. The sex ratio of males to females is particularly high. Some hypotheses, based on epidemiological observations, are formulated as to the causes of cancer of the upper digestive and respiratory tract.

Adult↗