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Biomedical subjects

B K Martin

Publications and source records attributed to B K Martin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Comparison of occult blood loss caused by pirazolac and diclofenac sodium: a double-blind crossover study.

A study was carried out in 10 healthy subjects to compare the faecal blood loss caused by pirazolac, a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and diclofenac sodium, using chromium51-labelled red blood cells. After 1 week on placebo, subjects received at random either 200 mg pirazolac 3-times daily or 50 mg diclofenac sodium 3-times daily for 7 days. They were then crossed over to the alternative medication for a further 7 days, preceded and followed by 1 week on placebo. Stool samples were collected and bulked for each day and total blood loss over 14 days (7 days on treatment and 7 days immediately after) was calculated for each period. The results showed that both drugs caused a greater blood loss than that measured in the placebo run-in period, and diclofenac sodium caused significantly greater blood loss than did pirazolac. Three subjects reported gastro-intestinal side-effects during diclofenac sodium treatment but there were no reports of any side-effects whilst subjects were receiving pirazolac.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A repeated dose pharmacokinetic study of a new hypnotic agent, zopiclone (Imovane).

Eleven volunteers were dosed once daily for 14 days with zopiclone (7.5 mg/day). The peak plasma zopiclone concentration (65 ng/ml) occurred at 1.4 h after dosing and thereafter declined by a biexponential process, with half-lives of 2.0 and 6.5 h, to 3 ng/ml by 24 h after dosing. Repeated once daily dosing did not markedly alter the peak plasma zopiclone concentration or the pharmacokinetic parameters of absorption or elimination.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Comparative bioavailability of two furosemide formulations in humans.

Twelve healthy male volunteers participated in a balanced crossover comparison of a brand-name and generic furosemide formulations. Each treatment was given as a single 40-mg tablet following an overnight fast. Furosemide concentrations in plasma and urine were determined up to 24 h after treatment; urine output and urinary sodium excretion were also measured. In comparison with the brand-name tablets, generic furosemide was significantly less bioavailable. Using a 95% confidence interval approach, generic furosemide gave up to 66% lower maximum furosemide plasma levels, up to 52% less area under the plasma level curve to infinite time, and up to 37% less urinary recovery of furosemide. Comparison of the effect of the two treatments was a less sensitive measurement of bioequivalence. Confidence intervals for differences in urinary output and sodium excretion over the period of maximum effect (0-4 h) were, however, asymmetrical, and pharmacodynamic differences between treatments were significant at the 10% level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Trazodone--a new assay procedure and some pharmacokinetic parameters.

1 A simple and specific procedure is described for the determination of the new anti-depressant trazodone in human plasma utilising reverse-phase HPLC which is sensitive to 20 ng ml-1. 2 Following oral administration of single 50 mg doses of two formulations of trazodone on separate occasions to healthy fasted volunteers, the peak plasma concentration, time to peak concentration, area under the curve, elimination rate constant and half-life were determined. 3 The two formulations are closely similar and they are considered to have comparable bioavailability.

Biological Availability↗
PubMed1977

Gas-liquid chromatography of methylpentynol carbamate and its metabolite 3-methylpentyne-3,4-diol.

Procedures are described for the determination of methylpentynol carbamate in serum, either by injection into the chromatograph of diluted serum or extraction of the drug into chloroform and injection of an aliquot of the concentrated organic phase; a 4% CDMS column is used. Similar assays for measuring the metabolite 3-methylpentyne-3,4-diol in urine are reported. The methods have been used for measuring methylpentynol carbamate and its metabolite in samples from rats and dogs.

Alkynes↗
PubMed1969

The kinetics of elimination of salicylic acid and the formation of gentisic acid.

1. A method for the estimation of gentisic acid in urine has been devised which is based on thin-layer chromatography and fluorimetry.2. In man the urinary excretion of gentisic acid accounted for 0.6% of a 0.32 g dose of aspirin and 1.1% of a 1.28 g dose. The increase in the percentage of the dose excreted as gentisic acid provides further evidence that the elimination of salicylic acid cannot be entirely described by first order kinetics.3. Equations are presented which describe the amount of gentisic acid formed from various doses of salicylic acid in a model system, when elimination proceeds partly by simultaneous first order and zero order kinetics. The close agreement of the experimental and theoretical results indicates that the model provides an acceptable interpretation of salicylic acid elimination in man.

Aspirin↗