Biomedical subjects

B K Patel

Publications and source records attributed to B K Patel.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis subsp. nov., a halotolerant facultative anaerobe from Death Valley, and emended description of Salinivibrio costicola.

Strain DVT, a halotolerant, Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacterium, was isolated from a hypersaline pond located in Death Valley, California. The cells were non-spore-forming, motile, curved rods (1.0-1.8 x 0.5-0.6 microns) and occurred singly, in pairs or rarely in chains. Strain DVT was oxidase-, catalase-, Voges-Proskauer-, amylase-, gelatinase- and lipase-positive and indole-negative. Nitrate, sulfate and fumarate were not used as electron acceptors. Carbohydrates served as energy sources both aerobically and anaerobically. Strain DVT grew optimally at 37 degrees C (temperature range 20-50 degrees C) with 2.5% NaCl (NaCl range 0-12.5%) and pH 7.3 (pH range of 5.5-8.5) in a glucose/yeast extract medium with a doubling time of 20 min (aerobically) or 41 min (anaerobically). The end products of glucose fermentation were ethanol, isobutyrate, propionate, lactate, formate and CO2. Strain DVT was resistant to penicillin, D-cycloserine, streptomycin and tetracycline (200 micrograms ml-1). The G + C content was 50 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that it was closely related to Salinivibrio costicola (97.7%) and this was confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridization (93% relatedness). However, phenotypic characteristics such as halotolerance, gas production, growth at 50 degrees C, antibiotic resistance, sugar-utilization spectrum and phylogenetic signatures are sufficiently different from Salinivibrio costicola to warrant designating strain DVT as a new subspecies of Salinivibrio costicola, Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis subsp. nov. (= DSM 8285T).

California↗

PubMed2000

Papillibacter cinnamivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a cinnamate-transforming bacterium from a shea cake digester.

A new, strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-sporulating, mesophilic bacterium, designated strain CIN1T (T=type strain) was isolated from an anaerobic digester fed with shea cake rich in tannins and aromatic compounds. Cells of strain CIN1T were rod-shaped, had characteristically pointed ends (1.3-3.0 x 0.5-0.6 microm) and occurred singly, in pairs and sometimes in chains of up to six. The pH range for growth was 6.9-8.5 and the temperature growth range was 15-40 degrees C. Optimum growth occurred with yeast extract and cinnamate at 37 degrees C and a pH of 7.5. The isolate transformed cinnamate by degrading the aliphatic side chain to produce acetate and benzoate rather than by aromatic ring cleavage or demethoxylation. The position of the methoxyl group appears to be important in the degradation of the aliphatic side chain of cinnamate; consequently, 3-methoxycinnamate and 4-methoxycinnamate, but not 2-methoxycinnamate, are transformed to produce acetate and methoxybenzoates, namely 3-methoxybenzoate and 4-methoxybenzoate, respectively. Crotonate is degraded to acetate and butyrate. The G+C content of the DNA is 56 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of strain CIN1T indicated that it was a member of the low-G+C-containing Gram-positive branch with a specific relationship to Sporobacter termitidis (sequence identity of 88%). The phylogenetic results concur with the phenotypic data which reveals that the isolate is a novel bacterium and, based on these findings, strain CIN1T (= DSM 12816T = ATCC 700879T) has been designated Papillibacter cinnamivorans gen. nov., sp. nov.

Anaerobiosis↗

PubMed2000

Clostridium peptidivorans sp. nov., a peptide-fermenting bacterium from an olive mill wastewater treatment digester.

A new peptide-degrading, strictly anaerobic bacterium, designated strain TMC4T, was isolated from an olive mill wastewater treatment digester. Cells of strain TMC4T were motile, rod-shaped (5-10 x 0.6-1.2 microm), stained Gram-positive and formed terminal to subterminal spores that distended the cells. Optimal growth occurred at 37 degrees C and pH 7 in an anaerobic basal medium containing 0.5% Casamino acids. Arginine, lysine, cysteine, methionine, histidine, serine, isoleucine, yeast extract, peptone, Biotrypcase, gelatin and crotonate also supported growth, but not carbohydrates, organic acids or alcohols. The end-products of degradation were: acetate and butyrate from lysine and crotonate; acetate, butyrate, H2 and CO2 from Biotrypcase, gelatin and peptone; acetate, alanine, H2 and CO2 from cysteine; acetate, H2 and CO2 from serine, cysteine and yeast extract; acetate and formate from histidine; propionate from methionine; methyl 2-butyrate, H2 and CO2 from isoleucine; acetate and ethanol from arginine; and acetate, propionate, butyrate, methyl 2-butyrate, H2 and CO2 from Casamino acids. The DNA G+C content of strain TMC4T was 31 mol%. Phylogeny based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that strain TMC4T was a member of the low-G+C-content Gram-positive genus Clostridium, with the closest relative being Clostridium pascui (sequence similarity of 96 %). Due to considerable differences in genomic and phenotypic properties between strain TMC4T and those of its nearest relative, strain TMC4T is proposed as a new species of the genus Clostridium, Clostridium peptidivorans sp. nov. Strain TMC4T has been deposited in the DSMZ as strain DSM 12505T.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed2000

Thermoanaerobacter subterraneus sp. nov., a novel thermophile isolated from oilfield water.

A new thermophilic, anaerobic glucose-fermenting, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain SEBR 7858T, was isolated from an oilfield water sample. Under optimal conditions on a glucose-containing medium (3% NaCl, 65 degrees C and pH 7.5), the generation time was 2.5 h. No growth occurred at 35 or 80 degrees C, nor at pH 5..5 or 9.0. Strain SEBR 7858T possessed lateral flagella. Spores were undetected but heat-resistant forms were present. Strain SEBR 7858T fermented a range of carbohydrates to acetate, L-alanine, lactate, H2 and CO2. The isolate reduced thiosulfate and elemental sulfur, but not sulfate or sulfite to sulfide. In the presence of thiosulfate, the ratio of acetate produced per mole of glucose consumed increased, suggesting a shift in the use of electron acceptors during carbohydrate metabolism. The DNA G+C content was 41 mol%. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strain was almost equidistantly related to all members of the genus Thermoanaerobacter (mean similarity 92%). Based on phenotypic, genomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain SEBR 7858T was clearly different from all members of the genus Thermoanaerobacter and was therefore designated as a new species, Thermoanaerobacter subterraneus sp. nov. The type strain is SEBR 7858T (= CNCM 1-2383T, DSM 13054T).

Anaerobiosis↗

PubMed1999

Consequences of Stat6 deletion on Sis/PDGF- and IL-4-induced proliferation and transcriptional activation in murine fibroblasts.

Aberrant communication among growth factors and cytokines that regulate tissue homeostasis often results in malignancy. Among the many cell types that participate in this process, stromal fibroblasts communicate in a paracrine and juxtracrine manner with cells of epithelial, endothelial, and hematopoietic origin. For fibroblasts, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a major proliferative and differentiation agent. Interleukin-4 (IL-4), however, possesses only modulating functions in this cell type. Here, we investigated the consequences of deleting Stat6 on PDGF and IL-4 signaling, proliferation, and transcriptional activation by establishing and characterizing early passage fibroblasts from wild-type and Stat6 null mice. Both wild-type and Stat6-/- fibroblasts showed nearly identical PDGFR and IL-4R activation, gross substrate tyrosine phosphorylation, PI 3-kinase activation, as well as Stat1, 3 and 5 DNA binding activities. Unexpectedly, IL-4's enhancement of PDGF-induced [3H]thymidine incorporation was greatly diminished in Stat6-/-, but not wild-type fibroblasts. PDGF-induced [3H]thymidine uptake was largely unaffected. Strikingly, IL-4, but not PDGF induction of the proinflammatory gene products, IL-6 and MCP-1 was markedly reduced in Stat6-/- fibroblasts. Thus, Stat6 is an important and specific mediator of IL-4-enhanced PDGF-induced proliferation as well as IL-4's transcriptional activation of IL-6 and MCP-1.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Regulation of the human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase promoter by the ETS transcription factor.

Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) cells accumulate elevated steady-state levels of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) mRNA and protein. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying PARP upregulation, we cloned and analysed the 5'-flanking region of the PARP gene from EWS cells. Nucleotide sequence analysis demonstrated no variations in the PARP promoter region in EWS cells. The PARP promoter encompasses multiple binding motifs for the ETS transcription factor. We have also observed that there is a coordinated up-regulation of the expression of both PARP and ETS1, relative to cells of other human tumor types expressing lower levels of PARP. Transient co-expression of ETS1 in EWS cells resulted in a strong enhancement of PARP-promoter activity. The participation of ETS in the regulation of PARP gene expression was further demonstrated in EWS cells stably transfected with Ets1 antisense cDNA constructs. Antisense-mediated down-regulation of endogenous ETS1 resulted in the inhibition of PARP expression in EWS cells, and sensitized these cells to ionizing radiation. These data provide support for ETS regulation of PARP expression levels, and implicate ETS transcription factors in the radiation response of EWS cells.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1999

Identification of Leptospira biflexa by real-time homogeneous detection of rapid cycle PCR product.

Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA genes extracted from nucleic acids databases enabled the identification of a Leptospira biflexa (L. biflexa) signature sequence, against which a reverse primer designated L613, was designed. This primer, when used in conjunction with a universal bacterial specific forward primer designated Fd1, enabled the development of a LightCycler-based PCR protocol in which fluorescence emission due to binding of SYBR Green I dye to amplified products could be detected and monitored. A melting temperature (Tm), determined from the melting curve of the amplified product immediately following the termination of thermal cycling, confirmed that the product was that of L. biflexa. Agarose gel electrophoresis therefore was not necessary for identification of PCR products. The PCR protocol was very rapid, and consisted of 30 cycles with a duration of 20 s for each cycle with the monitoring of the melting curve requiring an additional 3 min. The whole protocol was completed in less than 20 min. The PCR protocol was also specific and enabled the identification of 18 strains of L. biflexa, whilst excluding 14 strains of L. interrogans and Leptonema illini. Two examples of its utility in improving work flow of a Leptospira reference laboratory are presented in this article. The use of a simple boiling method for extraction of DNA from all the members of the Leptospiraceae family DNA further simplifies the procedure and makes its use conducive to diagnostic laboratories.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1999

Characterization of a new xylanolytic bacterium, Clostridium xylanovorans sp. nov.

A new xylanolytic bacterium designated strain HESP1T (T = type strain) was isolated from a methanogenic digester. Strain HESP1T was a motile, rod shaped, spore-forming bacterium, which possessed a Gram-positive type cell wall. Glucose, fructose, lactose, trehalose, maltose, raffinose, sucrose, xylan, mannitol, cellobiose, galactose, mannose, melibiose, ribose were fermented to produce, acetate, butyrate, H2, CO2, formate, isobutyrate, and ethanol. Fumarate was fermented to acetate. Glycerol and methanol were also utilized. Sulfate, thiosulfate, nitrate, sulfur and fumarate were not used as electron acceptors. Strain HESP1T had a G + C content of 40 mol% and grew optimally at 37 degrees C and pH 7 on a fructose containing medium. Phylogenetically, strain HESP1T was most related to Clostridium aminovalericum (similarity of 94%) than to C. populeti, C. herbivorans and Eubacterium xylanophilum (average similarity of 92%), all members of subcluster XIVa of the low G + C containing Gram-positive branch. However, strain HESP1T shared little phenotypic and genotypic traits with C. aminovalericum and on the basis of this and phylogenetic evidence, we propose to tentatively designate strain HESP1T as a new species of the genus Clostridium, Clostridium xylanovorans sp. nov. The type strain is HESP1T (= DSM 12503).

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1999

Amylase and 16S rRNA genes from a hyperthermophilic archaebacterium.

A hyperthermophilic and amylolytic prokaryote, designated Rt3, was isolated from a thermal spring near Rotorua, New Zealand. The 16S rRNA gene of Rt3 was cloned and sequenced with the aim of determining its phylogenetic affiliations. The phylogenetic analysis of this sequence, which included a selection of archaebacterial and eubacterial 16S rRNA sequences, indicates that Rt3 most likely belongs to the archaebacterial order Thermococcales. An amylase gene (amyA) from Rt3, encoding a highly thermostable amylase activity, was cloned and its DNA sequence determined. Transcriptional signals typical of archaebacteria were evident in this sequence. The sequence is homologous to a broad range of enzymes from the AMY superfamily and contains a typical N-terminal signal peptide. Phylogenetic analysis and comparison of structural features with other AMY superfamily enzymes reveals that, firstly, the closest homologues of the Rt3 amylase are members of the Bacillus and Plant alpha-amylase groups; and secondly, that the Rt3 amylase is closely related to only one other currently known archaebacterial enzyme, i.e. an (AMY superfamily) alpha-amylase from Natronococcus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1999

Desulfocella halophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic, fatty-acid-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from sediments of the Great Salt Lake.

A new halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain GSL-But2T, was isolated from surface sediment of the Southern arm of the Great Salt Lake, UT, USA. The organism grew with a number of straight-chain fatty acids (C4-C16), 2-methylbutyrate, L-alanine and pyruvate as electron donors. Butyrate was oxidized incompletely to acetate. Sulfate, but not sulfite or thiosulfate, served as an electron acceptor. Growth was observed between 2 and 19% (w/v) NaCl with an optimum at 4-5% (w/v) NaCl. The optimal temperature and pH for growth were around 34 degrees C and pH 6.5-7.3, respectively. The generation time under optimal conditions in defined medium was around 28 h, compared to 20 h in complex medium containing yeast extract. The G+C content was 35.0 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain GSL-But2T belongs to the family Desulfobacteriaceae within the delta-subclass of the Proteobacteria and suggested that strain GSL-But2T represents a member of a new genus. The name Desulfocella halophila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed for this organism. The type strain of D. halophila is strain GSL-But2T (= DSM 11763T = ATCC 700426T).

Bacteria↗

PubMed1999

Tessaracoccus bendigoensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a gram-positive coccus occurring in regular packages or tetrads, isolated from activated sludge biomass.

An isolate of a Gram-positive bacterium, designated strain Ben 106T, was obtained in pure culture by micromanipulation of a biomass sample obtained from a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor. This isolate grew axenically as cocci or clusters of cocci arranged in regular tetrads and was morphologically similar to the dominant organism observed in the biomass. This morphology resembled that of some Gram-positive and -negative bacteria and the so-called 'G-bacteria' commonly seen in activated sludge samples. Strain Ben 106T is a non-motile, facultative anaerobe. It is oxidase-negative, catalase-positive and is capable of reducing nitrate. This organism can grow between 20 and 37 degrees C, with an optimum temperature of 25 degrees C. The pH range for growth is between 6.0 and 9.0, with an optimum pH of 7.5. The isolate stained positively for intracellular polyphosphate granules. The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan is LL-diaminopimelic acid (LL-A2pm) with a glycine moiety at position 1 of the peptide subunit, which characterizes the presence of a rare peptidoglycan (type A3-gamma'). Two menaquinones, MK-9(H4) and MK-7(H4), are present and the main cellular fatty acid is 12-methyltetradecanoic acid. The G + C content is 74 mol%. From phenotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the isolate differed sufficiently from its closest phylogenetic relatives, namely Propionibacterium propionicum, Propioniferax innocua, Friedmanniella antarctica, Luteococcus japonicus and Microlunatus phosphovorus in the A1 subdivision of the Gram-positive bacteria (i.e. Firmicutes with a high G + C content), suborder Propionibacterineae, to be placed in a new genus, Tessaracoccus, as Tessaracoccus bendigoensis gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is Ben 106T (= ACM 5119T).

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗

PubMed1999

Isolation and characterization of Desulfovibrio burkinensis sp. nov. from an African ricefield, and phylogeny of Desulfovibrio alcoholivorans.

A sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain HDvT (T = type strain), was isolated from an anoxic ricefield soil. Cells were Gram-negative, non-sporulating curved rods motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Cytochrome c3 and desulfoviridin were present. In the presence of sulfate, glycerol, 1,2- and 1,3-propanediol, dihydroxyacetone, pyruvate, lactate, fumarate, maleate, malate and succinate were incompletely oxidized mainly to acetate. Sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, fumarate, maleate and malate were utilized as alternative electron acceptors. In the absence of added electron acceptors, pyruvate, fumarate, maleate, malate and dihydroxyacetone were fermented. The DNA base composition was 67 mol% G + C. The phylogenetic, phenotypic and physiological characteristics of strain HDvT indicate that it is a new species of the genus Desulfovibrio, for which the name Desulfovibrio burkinensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is HDvT (= DSM 6830T). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that Desulfovibrio alcoholivorans was a distinct species supporting the previously published phenotypic data.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗

PubMed1999

Fusibacter paucivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, thiosulfate-reducing bacterium from an oil-producing well.

A strictly anaerobic, halotolerant, spindle-shaped rod, designated strain SEBR 4211T, was isolated from an African saline oil-producing well. Cells stain Gram-positive, which was confirmed by electron microscopy observations. Strain SEBR 4211T was motile by means of one to four peritrichous flagella, had a G+C content of 43 mol% and grew optimally at 37 degrees C, pH 7.3, with 0 to 3% (w/v) NaCl. It utilized a limited number of carbohydrates (cellobiose, glucose, fructose, mannitol and ribose) and produced acetate, butyrate, CO2 and H2 as end products from glucose fermentation. It reduced thiosulfate to sulfide. In the presence of thiosulfate, a decrease in butyrate and an increase in acetate production was observed. Phylogenetically, strain SEBR 4211T was related to members of the low G+C Clostridiales order with Clostridium halophilum as the closest relative (16S rDNA sequence similarity of 90%). On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics of the isolate, it is proposed to designate it as a new species of a new genus, Fusibacter gen. nov., as Fusibacter paucivorans sp. nov. The type strain is SEBR 4211T (= DSM 12116T).

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗

PubMed1999

Clostridium methoxybenzovorans sp. nov., a new aromatic o-demethylating homoacetogen from an olive mill wastewater treatment digester.

A strictly anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium (3.0-5.0 x 0.4-0.8 microns), designated strain SR3T (T = type strain), which stained Gram-positive and possessed a Gram-positive type cell wall was isolated from a methanogenic pilot-scale digester fed with olive mill wastewater (Sfax, Tunisia). It utilized a number of carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, sorbose, galactose, myo-inositol, sucrose, lactose, cellobiose), organic compounds (lactate, betaine, sarcosine, dimethylglycine, methanethiol, dimethylsulfide), alcohol (methanol) and all methoxylated aromatic compounds only in the presence of yeast extract (0.1%). The end products from carbohydrate fermentation were H2, CO2, formate, acetate and ethanol, that from lactate was methanol, those from methoxylated aromatics were acetate and butyrate, and that from betaine, sarcosine, dimethylglycine, methanethiol and dimethylsulfide was only acetate. Strain SR3T was non-motile, had a G+C content of 44 mol% and grew optimally at 37 degrees C and pH 7.4 on a glucose-containing medium. Phylogenetically, the closest relatives of strain SR3T were the non-methoxylated aromatic-degrading Clostridium xylanolyticum, Clostridium aerotolerans, Clostridium sphenoides and Clostridium celerecrescens (mean similarity of 98%). On the basis of the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics of the isolate, it is proposed to designate strain SR3T as Clostridium methoxybenzovorans sp. nov. The type strain is SR3T (= DSM 12182T).

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗

PubMed1999

Phylogenetic relationships of three amino-acid-utilizing anaerobes, Selenomonas acidaminovorans, 'Selenomonas acidaminophila' and Eubacterium acidaminophilum, as inferred from partial 16S rDNA nucleotide sequences and proposal of Thermanaerovibrio acidaminovorans gen. nov., comb. nov. and Anaeromusa acidaminophila gen. nov., comb. nov.

16S rRNA gene sequences of three previously described amino-acid-fermenting anaerobes, Selenomonas acidaminovorans, 'Selenomonas acidaminophila' and Eubacterium acidaminophilum, were determined. All three were found to cluster within the Clostridium and related genera of the subphylum of the Gram-positive bacteria. The thermophile, S. acidaminovorans, formed an individual line of descent and was equidistantly placed between Dethiosulfovibrio peptidovorans and Anaerobaculum thermoterrenum (similarity of 85%), both of which also form single lines of descent. 'S. acidaminophila' was related to Clostridium quercicolum, a member of cluster IX, with a similarity of 90%, whereas E. acidaminophilum was closely related to Clostridium litorale (similarity of 96%) as a member of cluster XI. Based on the phylogenetic data presented in this report and the phenotypic descriptions of these bacteria published previously, it is recommended that S. acidaminovorans be transferred to a new genus, Thermanaerovibrio gen. nov., as Thermanaerovibrio acidaminovorans comb. nov. and 'Selenomonas acidaminophila' be transferred to a new genus, Anaeromusa gen. nov., as Anaeromusa acidaminophila comb. nov. Though the transfer of E. acidaminophilum to a new taxon is justified, this is not recommended until the taxonomic status of all the members of cluster XI has been reviewed.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed1999

Aminomonas paucivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a mesophilic, anaerobic, amino-acid-utilizing bacterium.

A novel, asaccharolytic, amino-acid-degrading bacterium, designated strain GLU-3T, was isolated from an anaerobic lagoon of a dairy wastewater treatment plant. Strain GLU-3T stained Gram-negative and was an obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, slightly curved, rod-shaped bacterium (0.3 x 4.0-6.0 microns) which existed singly or in pairs. The DNA G+C content was 43 mol%. Optimum growth occurred at 35 degrees C and pH 7.5 on arginine with a generation time of 16 h. Good growth was obtained on arginine, histidine, threonine and glycine. Acetate was the end-product formed from all these substrates, but in addition, a trace of formate was detected from arginine and histidine, and ornithine was produced from arginine. Strain GLU-3T grew slowly on glutamate and produced acetate, carbon dioxide, formate, hydrogen and traces of propionate as the end-products. In syntrophic association with Methanobacterium formicicum, strain GLU-3T oxidized arginine, histidine and glutamate to give propionate as the major product; acetate, carbon dioxide and methane were also produced. Strain GLU-3T did not degrade alanine and the branched-chain amino acids valine, leucine and isoleucine either in pure culture or in association with M. formicicum. The nearest phylogenetic relative of strain GLU-3T was the thermophile Selenomonas acidaminovorans (similarity value of 89.5%). As strain GLU-3T is phylogenetically, physiologically and genotypically different from other amino-acid-degrading genera, it is proposed that it should be designated a new species of a new genus Aminomonas paucivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. (DSM 12260T).

Amino Acids↗

PubMed1999

Friedmanniella spumicola sp. nov. and Friedmanniella capsulata sp. nov. from activated sludge foam: gram-positive cocci that grow in aggregates of repeating groups of cocci.

Two Gram-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, pigmented cocci, strains Ben 107T and Ben 108T, growing in aggregates were isolated from activated sludge samples by micromanipulation. Both possessed the rare type A3 gamma' peptidoglycan. Major menaquinones of strain Ben 107T were MK-9(H4) and MK-7(H2), and the main cellular fatty acid was 12-methyltetradecanoic acid (ai-C15:0). In strain Ben 108T, MK-9(H4), MK-9(H2) and MK-7(H4) were the menaquinones and again the main fatty acid was 12-methyltetradecanoic acid (ai-C15:0). Polar lipids in both strains consisted of phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl glycerol and diphosphatidyl glycerol with two other unidentified glycolipids and phospholipids also present in both. These data, together with the 16S rDNA sequence data, suggest that strain Ben 107T belongs to the genus Friedmanniella which presently includes a single recently described species, Friedmanniella antarctica. Although the taxonomic status of strain Ben 108T is far less certain, on the basis of its 16S rRNA sequence it is also adjudged to be best placed in the genus Friedmanniella. The chemotaxonomic characteristics and DNA-DNA hybridization data support the view that Ben 107T and Ben 108T are novel species of the genus Friedmanniella. Hence, it is proposed that strain Ben 107T (= ACM 5121T) is named as Friedmanniella spumicola sp. nov. and strain Ben 108T (= ACM 5120T) as Friedmanniella capsulata sp. nov.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗

PubMed1999

Sporobacterium olearium gen. nov., sp. nov., a new methanethiol-producing bacterium that degrades aromatic compounds, isolated from an olive mill wastewater treatment digester.

A strictly chemo-organotrophic, anaerobic bacterium was isolated from an olive mill wastewater treatment digester on syringate and designated strain SR1T. The cells were slightly curved rods, stained Gram-positive and possessed terminal spores. Strain SR1T utilized crotonate, methanol and a wide range of aromatic compounds including 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (TMB), 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate (TMC), syringate, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylacetate (TMPA), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylpropionate (TMPP), ferulate, sinapate, vanillate, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate, 2,3-dimethoxybenzoate, gallate, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoate (THB), pyrogallol, phloroglucinol and quercetin as carbon and energy sources. Acetate and butyrate were produced from aromatic compounds, methanol and crotonate whereas methanethiol (MT) was produced from methoxylated aromatic compounds and methanol. Strain SR1T had a G + C content of 38 mol% and grew optimally between 37 and 40 degrees C at pH 7.2 on a crotonate-containing medium. Phylogenetically, strain SR1T was a member of cluster XIVa of the Clostridiales group and shared a sequence similarity of 90% with Clostridum aminovalericum and Eubacterium fissicatena. Consequently, its precise neighbourliness to any one of them depended on the selection of strains of the cluster. On the basis of the phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence presented in this paper, the designation of strain SR1T as Sporobacterium olearium gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SR1T (= DSM 12504T).

Acetates↗