Tips and techniques dating of multiple-dose vials.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B K Wyatt.
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A 200-bed hospital's change in pricing drug products from a cost-plus-fee system to a flat fee per dose based on the medication administration record (MAR) is described. With the flat-fee system, drug charges are not recorded when the drug is dispensed by the pharmacy; data for charging doses are obtained directly from the MAR forms generated by the nursing staff. Charges are 55 cents per oral or suppository dose and $3.00 per injection dose. Drugs administered intravenously, topical drugs, injections costing more than $10.00 per dose, and miscellaneous nondrug items are still charged on a cost-plus-fee basis. Man-hours are saved in the pharmacy department because of the elimination of the pricing function and maintenance of price lists. The need for nursing staff to charge for any doses administered from emergency or Schedule II floor-stock supplies is eliminated. The workload for business office personnel is reduced because the number of individual charges is less than with the cost-plus charging system. The system is accepted by patients and third-party payers and has made a complete unit dose drug distribution system possible at lower cost.
The implementation of a unit dose program throughout a hospital is possible without confronting many problems if thorough planning has been done before the program is started. The planning can be accomplished by the pharmacy department without the extensive use of such groups as committees of representatives from nursing and administration. The nursing and administration departments should be consulted on specific items only. With proper planning of the design of equipment and forms, man-hours can be saved. The use of a large unit dose drawer helps overcome the disadvantages often associated with a once-daily cart exchange system. A pneumatic tube system can eliminate the need for messengers. Time can be saved in the operation of the program if function-structure relationships are considered in the design of the fixtures. Forms can be designed that will last for many days, eliminating the need to re-enter the same information on a second or third sheet. Specific work assignments for each staff member on each shift will assure a timely work flow.
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