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Biomedical subjects

B Kamath

Publications and source records attributed to B Kamath.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Intra-operative parathyroid hormone monitoring in secondary hyperparathyroidism: is it useful?

OBJECTIVES: To assess the use of intra-operative parathyroid hormone (PTH) level monitoring as a predictor of persistent hypoparathyroidism after total parathyroidectomy in renal hyperparathyroidism. SETTING: University Teaching Hospital Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Unit. PARTICIPANTS: All patients with renal hyperparathyroidism undergoing parathyroidectomy between January 2004 and July 2005. Twenty-nine patients were identified. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison is made between pre- and intra-operative PTH levels (ioPTH) in patients who at 3 months postoperatively maintained hypoparathyroidism and patients who did not. Results were analysed to see whether ioPTH predicts maintenance of the hypoparathyroid state. RESULTS: The mean preoperative PTH level was 932 pg/L (range: 58-1808). The mean postoperative PTH level was 147 pg/L (range: 16-498). The mean 3-month PTH level was 47 pg/L (range: <1-515). The mean postoperative PTH level for patients with a persistently high PTH level at 3 months was 286 pg/L (range: 272-299), compared with 63 pg/mL (16-160) in patients remaining normparathyroid, and 159 pg/L (range: 39-498) for patients with persistent hypoparathyroidism. If the normoparathyroid state is strictly considered to be failure following total parathyroidectomy, ioPTH is not predictive of hypoparathyroidism. However, ioPTH is indicative of biochemical resolution of the hyperparathyroid state (normo- or hypoparathyroidism). CONCLUSION: We conclude that the use of ioPTH monitoring in the surgical management of secondary hyperparathyroidism fails to predict persistent hypoparathyroidism following total parathyroidectomy, but does predict biochemical resolution of hyperparathyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smoked food samples.

Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is a new sample extraction method offering a number of advantages such as low pe -extraction cost, reduced solvent and time consumption, and simplified extraction protocols. In this study, the ASE method was applied to the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from biological samples. For recovery studies, fish tissues and ground pork were used as sample matrices. Sample aliquots fortified with 16 PAHs were extracted by ASE, and the extracts were treated with sulfuric acid and Florisil, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The PAH recoveries by the ASE method were found to be comparable with or better than those by Soxhlet extraction. The extraction and quantitation method was then applied to the determination of PAHs in several smoked meat samples obtained from a local market. Up to 12 PAHs were found to be present at concentrations ranging from 3 to 52 ng/g wet sample.

Food Handling↗
PubMed1996

A high performance liquid radiochromatographic assay for the simultaneous analysis of iloprost and misoprostol.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method utilizing ultraviolet absorbance coupled with radioisotove detection was developed for the precise and simultaneous determination of iloprost and misoprostol. This assay allows complete resolution of iloprost diastereoisomers and has a total run time of approximately twenty minutes. Samples were prepared for chromatographic analysis by extracting a mixture of tritiated drugs from rat plasma with acetonitrile. The resulting solutions were chromatographed on a reversed phase Zorbax Rx-C8 column using 0.02M potassium phosphate (pH 3.0), acetonitrile, and methanol (46:30:24, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.7 mL/min. 2-Naphthoic acid was employed as an internal standard. The correlation coefficient for varying concentrations of tritiated iloprost (12.7 Ci/mmol specific activity) from 2.18 ng/mL to 21.8 ng/mL was 0.995, and the correlation coefficient for concentrations of tritiated misoprostol (50 Ci/mmol specific activity) from 0.617 ng/mL to 6.17 ng/mL was 0.993. The high selectivity and sensitivity of this assay make it useful for the simultaneous quantitation of iloprost and misoprostol.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

How we do it: use of a venous cannulation needle for endoscopic Teflon injection to the vocal folds.

Since its introduction in the 1960's the injection of Teflon into a paralysed vocal fold has become a standard treatment in laryngology. Although in recent years alternative treatments have been suggested, such as the injection of collagen or autogenous fat (Mikaelian et al., 1991), re-innervation procedures and thyroplasty (Crumley, 1990), the use of Teflon is still widespread (Rontal and Rontal, 1991; Dedo, 1992). Various instruments have been developed for the application of Teflon paste and these take the form of a gun-like syringe with a ratchet mechanism. For a number of years we have injected Teflon using a needle marketed for internal jugular vein cannulation along with a plastic 1 ml syringe thus making substantial savings to our department in terms of both time and cost.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMed1990

Anaesthesia, movement and emesis.

One hundred and eighty-two women undergoing dilatation and curettage were allocated randomly to receive premedication comprising temazepam, papaveretum-hyoscine or placebo. The temazepam recipients reported significantly fewer episodes of postoperative nausea. Movement was blamed by 66% of patients who identified a cause for nausea. These patients had higher scores on a motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire and were more likely to have been treated previously for nausea or vomiting. It may be possible to identify susceptible patients before surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Mediastinal emphysema simulating acute pericarditis.

A case of extensive subcutaneous emphysema, retropneumoperitoneum and mediastinal emphysema is described. The mediastinal emphysema was associated with signs and symptoms of pericardial tamponade, and previously undocumented ECG changes, consistent with acute pericarditis, were noted.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Automated analysis of chlorthalidone.

Chlorthalidone inhibition of the enzymatic hydrolysis rate of p-nitrophenyl acetate by bovine erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase was used as a basis for chlorthalidone determination in plasma and urine. For urinary samples, a completely automated, continuous flow system was developed to extract the samples and perform the enzymatic reaction. Over 100 samples per day could be assayed by one person. The assay had a sensitivity of 0.5 micrograms/ml and thus could determine urinary concentrations after a therapeutic chlorthalidone dose. To determine plasma concentrations after a therapeutic dose, a manual extraction procedure was used in combination with a second continuous flow system for the enzymatic reaction. This system was optimized to detect the lowest chlorthalidone concentration allowed by the enzymatic inhibition constant and could detect 25 ng/ml.

Animals↗