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Biomedical subjects

B Kocsis

Publications and source records attributed to B Kocsis.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy with dibromodulcitol and CCNU in the postoperative treatment of malignant gliomas.

Within 4 weeks after definitive surgery, 91 patients with supratentorial glioblastomas and malignant astrocytomas were randomized to one of three treatment arms: Group 1 received radiotherapy alone; Group 2 received dibromodulcitol (DBD) during radiotherapy, and treatment was then continued with DBD; and Group 3 received DBD during radiotherapy, followed by combination chemotherapy of CCNU and DBD. No severe myelotoxicity occurred, but combined treatment with CCNU and DBD occasionally caused a transient myelosuppression. Statistical analysis of 84 evaluable patients showed a significantly longer survival period in those who received chemotherapy during and after irradiation. Median survival times in the three groups were 40, 57, and 60 weeks, respectively; the corresponding p value for Groups 2 and 3 was 0.025 and 0.0015. The ratio of patients surviving over 18 and 24 months was highest in Group 3. This study suggests that the administration of DBD during irradiation might have been the main factor in improving survival times.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

[Model studies of the antibiotic release of gentamycin, tobramycin and cephalothin polymethylmethacrylate beads in vivo].

Gentamycin-, tobramycin-, and cephalothin-polymethylmethacrylat beads were implanted into a bone cavity of the rabbit tibia. The antibiotic release of the implants was observed by measure of the antibiotic concentration of the secretion respectively of the neighbouring bone tissue in the surroundings of the beads produced by punction. An antibiotic concentration about 1 microgram/ml could be measured with gentamycin and tobramycin for 120 to 150 days and with cephalothin for 30 to 50 days in the surroundings of the beads.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Isolation of adenosine 5'-diphosphate-D-glycero-D-mannoheptose. An intermediate in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis of Shigella sonnei.

From a Shigella sonnei R mutant which incorporates into its cell wall lipopolysaccharide D-glycero-D-mannoheptose and contains no L-glycero-D-mannoheptose, a nucleotide-linked sugar was isolated and identified as adenosine 5'-diphosphate-D-glycero-d-mannoheptose by chemical and chromatographic analysis. This intermediary compound is assumed to play a role in heptose biosynthesis of Enterobacteria.

Adenosine Diphosphate Sugars↗
PubMed1981

Infection of the abdominal cavity and chronic peritoneal dialysis.

Peritoneal dialyses have been performed in 1072 instances by the manual infusion technique in 16 patients with chronic renal failure, during a period of 2 years. Among the intraabdominal bacterial cultures done before each dialysis, 79 were positive, and peritonitis developed in 7 cases. As related to the total number of dialyses, these figures represent 7.37 and 0.65 per cent, respectively. Local intraabdominal applications has been found to reduce the hazard of peritonitis. Increased frequency of dialyses and combined antibiotic therapy proved curative to peritonitis. The results of the bacterial cultures indicate that in case of intraabdominal infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, acetate-containing dialysing fluids should be given preference.

Acetates↗
PubMed1981

Study of infective (secondary) renal calculus formation in vitro.

The factors of infective calculus formation and the conditions favoring their prevention were studied by examining in vitro the role of the most common representative of urease-producing bacteria, Proteus mirabilis. The stream of Proteus-containing urine was found to form deposits of magnesium ammonium phosphate, carbonate apatite and ammonium-urate on the glass surfaces. Application either of mandelic acid or of Gentamycin was found to reduce the production of these deposits, and their joint application proved fully preventive to their formation. Gentamycin applied in saline acidified with mandelic acid was capable of dissolving previously formed crystals. A medication of this composition is advocated for preventive use after surgery for staghorn calculi. The necessity for continuing peroral medication and specific antibacterial therapy for months is emphasized.

Crystallization↗
PubMed1981

[Intra-arterial antibiotic therapy in the management of chronic post-traumatic osteomyelitis of the extremities (experimental and clinical studies].

Authors examined the changes of antibiotic concentration in the inflammatory focus after administering Gentamycin and Cephalothin intravenously or intraarterially in case of experimentally induced osteomyelitis in the tibia of rabbit. Administering Gentamycin i. v. no therapeutic level could be measured, while Cephalothin showed a therapeutic level of antibiotic concentration just for a short period. When the same doses of these antibiotics were administered in the femoral artery, effective local antibiotic concentration could be detected for 3 hours. Authors' clinical studies also support these experimental results. Performing 43 i. a. treatments in 38 patients with osteomyelitis 39 was rated as effective.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Intracerebroventricular angiotensin II injection does not elicit specific appetite for sodium in the rat.

The effect on sodium appetite of a single intracerebroventricular (IVT) injection of 1 microgram angiotensin II (AII) was studied in 264 young female CFY rats, comparing control and water depleted groups. The choice of demineralized water and 0.9, 2, 3 and 4% NaCl solution or 0.9% NaCl and 5% glucose solution was offered to the animals. During the 12-25 minute long dipsogenic action of AII, sodium intake was significantly increased as compared to the control group. Together with sodium intake water and glucose intake was found to increase proportionally, so the sodium appetite did not change significantly. At the same time, AII significantly increased the rate of sodium intake and the sodium appetite when a choice of water and NaCl was offered, and the basis of comparison was the water depleted group. When water was changed for 5% glucose, the animals receiving AII showed no significant sodium appetite, and drank so much glucose solution that their blood glucose increased to 202 +/- 26 mg/dl, and glucose appeared in their urine. The conclusion was drawn that AII does not cause an acute, specific alteration in sodium appetite.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1979

Shigella dysenteriae 1-like cytotoxic enterotoxins produced by Salmonella strains.

A Salmonella enteritidis strain produced a cytotoxin in addition to heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins. Two strains of serotypes Salmonella kapemba and Salmonella thompson were LT and ST negative, but exhibited a cytotoxic effect. After Sephadex G-100 fractionation of the crude S. enteritidis material, some high and low molecular fractions had both cytotonic and cytotoxic activities. Of the two other salmonellae, only some high molecular fractions contained the cytotoxic substance. Neutralization experiments revealed an antigenic relationship between the cytotoxins studied and Shigella dysenteriae 1 enterotoxin. On the basis of cross neutralization and other data, it seems that cytotoxic and LT-like characters are carried by the same molecule. In S. thompson and S. kapemba the LT fails to exert a biological effect, although it is antigenically related to the LT of Escherichia coli.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Structure of the hexose region of Shigella sonnei phase II lipopolysaccharide with 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid as possible immunodeterminant and its relation to Escherichia coli R1 core.

Comparative chemical analysis (methylation, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, periodate oxidation, etc.) of the lipopolysaccharides and degraded polysaccharides derived from Shigella sonnei phase I, phase II and galactose-deficient R mutants revealed a structure as shown: (formula: see text) 3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (dOclA) as an immunodeterminant was observed in the passive hemolysis inhibition test by (a) selective inhibition of the phase II system by dOclA; (b) the kinetics of the change of serological activity during mild acid treatment: 1% acetic acid abolished serological activity; (c) a lack of activity in galactose-less R mutants and reactivity with Re mutants including Salmonella minnesota Re. An enhanced sensitivity of phase II lipopolysaccharide to galactose oxidase after prolonged treatment with 1% acetic acid suggests that dOclA is linked to C-6 of the terminal or subterminal galactose. dOclA as immunodeterminant could explain some different polysaccharide structures described for Escherichia coli R1 core.

Acetates↗
PubMed1978

Enterotoxin production by Shigella flexneri type 2A, strain no. M42-43.

Enterotoxin produced by Shigella flexneri type 2a, strain M42-43, is similar to "Shig-like" cytotoxic enterotoxin and shares common features with that of other S. flexneri strains. On the basis of molecular filtration and neutralization experiments it is suggested that the same molecule carries these biological characters.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Inhibition by quinaldate of dehydrogenases.

Quinaldate (quinoline-2-carboxylate) inhibits pyridine-, and flavin nucleotide-dependent dehydrogenases, both inside the mitochondria and in isolated form. Other mitochondrial functions and some other isolated enzymes (with one exception) are not influenced by quinaldate at all. Thus, quinaldate can be regarded as a specific "dehydrogenase inhibitor". The inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1) and lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) by quinaldate is of mixed type, both with respect to NAD+ and ethanol or lactate, respectively. The Ki for alcohol dehydrogenase is 4.5 mM, that of lactate dehydrogenase 7.5 mM. It can be assumed that the inhibition by quinaldate of dehydrogenases is a consequence of its binding to that part of the active centre which takes part in the dehydrogenation itself and might possess very similar structure in all dehydrogenases.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nitric oxide in IgA nephropathy patients with or without hypertension.

Nitric oxide (NO) is claimed to have a role in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated glomerulonephritis and in the regulation of blood pressure (BP). NO rapidly converts to NO2-/NO3- which is excreted in the urine. We determined the daily NO2-/NO3- excretion in 26 IgA nephropathy (NP) patients and 20 healthy controls, recording the BP in each. There was no difference in NO2-/NO3- excretion between IgA NP patients and controls (999.1 +/- 66.8 vs. 1,051.2 +/- 53.0 mumol/day). The urinary excretion of NO2-/NO3- in IgA NP patients whose mean diastolic BP remained above 85 mm Hg in spite of antihypertensive therapy, was significantly decreased (n = 8; 734.38 +/- 87.83 mumol/day; p < 0.05). There was a significant inverse correlation between mean diastolic BP and urinary NO2-/NO3- (p < 0.006). NO2-/NO3- excretion decreased with aging (p < 0.01) in IgA NP patients, but not in controls. The fact that there was no difference between the urinary NO2-/NO3- excretion of IgA NP patients and controls argues against the idea that NO production in immune-mediated IgA NP can be increased. The decrease of urinary NO2-/NO3- in hypertensive and in older IgA NP patients may be correlated with the impaired NO production of the endothelium.

Adult↗