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Biomedical subjects

B L Adkins

Publications and source records attributed to B L Adkins.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Physiological indicators of fluoride exposure and utilization: an epidemiological study.

Individual samples of urine, fingernails, head-hair, saliva, plaque and enamel were collected from three groups of Hungarian children, aged 14 years, who were exposed to contrasting water fluoride levels (less than or equal to 0.11 ppm; 0.5-1.1 ppm; 1.6-3.1 ppm). The mean fluoride concentration of the samples increased consistently and significantly, but mostly non-proportionately, with increasing water fluoride level. With the exception of plaque, the materials examined are considered suitable indicators of exposure to or systemic utilization of fluoride for population groups. Caries experience decreased with increasing fluoride exposure. Dental fluorosis constituted no clinical or aesthetic problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Analysis of covariance in caries clinical trials using groupings of teeth.

An empirical investigation was carried out on data from four caries clinical trials of subjects who were initially 11 to 12 years old. The three baseline variables suggested by Adkins (1977), as possibly being related to caries increment, were each calculated on specific groupings of teeth, and these were then considered as predictor variables for the dependent variable, caries increment. A gain in efficiency of approximately 20% was obtained when an analysis of covariance was used with these predictor variables, over a straightforward analysis of variance. However, this was only slightly more efficient than using baseline DMFS as a covariable. This investigation did not support the results of initial work done by Adkins (1977).

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1978

Plaque minerals and caries experience: associations and interrelationships.

Inverse associations were demonstrated between DMFT and total calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, strontium, potassium, and fluoride concentrations in individual plaques. Lithium, strontium, fluoride, and zinc contents were inversely related to plaque mass. Consistent interdependence patterns between elements indicate the operation of a mineral level regulating mechanism, effective under diverse environmental conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Betal chewing and caries experience in New Guinea.

The prevalence of dental caries and variables relating to the betel-chewing habit were examined in a sample of 301 rural New Guineans aged 12--24 years. Consistent inverse associations were demonstrated between caries experience and the intensity of betel chewing for individuals and aggregates of subjects. The results indicate that betel chewing confers a degree of protection against caries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Etiology of caries in Papua New Guinea. The trace element content of urine samples and its relation to individual dental caries experience.

Samples of urine obtained from 10 adult people in each of 10 selected villages in the Sepik district of New Guinea were analysed to determine the levels of 19 elements thought to be of possible relevance to the prevalence of dental caries, judged by the results of previous research. Subjects with dental caries experience could be distinguished from those who are caries-free on the basis of the content of urine samples, as evidenced by the calculation of a statistically significant discriminant function. The elements most likely to be meaningful in relation to such discrimination are molybdenum, magnesium, copper, lead, phosphorus, strontium, and possibly zirconium and potassium. The concentrations of magnesium and phosphorus were significantly correlated with a number of other elements in the samples. Fluorine appears to have a considerable bearing on the output of magnesium, phosphorus, strontium, zinc, and calcium, the first four of which were named above as being major determinants in the discriminant function.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1970

Etiology of caries in Papua-New Guinea. Associations in soil, food and water.

Mineral analyses of garden soils, vegetables, and water samples from 21 villages in the Sepik and Fly River regions of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, in which the mean prevalence of dental caries ranged from 0 to 29.5% decayed teeth per person, have shown the following relationships between variations in the caries prevalence and the amounts of certain elements:(1) A strong inverse association with concentrations of alkali and alkaline earth elements, especially strontium, barium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and lithium, in garden soils.(2) A possible direct association with concentrations of lead and copper in village garden soils.(3) Consistent evidence of inverse associations with concentrations of vanadium, molybdenum, manganese, aluminium, titanium, and phosphorus and of direct associations with concentrations of lead, copper, chromium, zinc, and selenium in the staple foodstuffs-namely, sago, sweet potato, and Chinese taro.In general, analyses of soils and vegetables from 22 villages in the highlands of Papua-New Guinea have confirmed the soil associations with the caries prevalence reported for villages in the Sepik and Fly River regions.

Adolescent↗