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Biomedical subjects

B L Dahl

Publications and source records attributed to B L Dahl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Sex differences in signs and symptoms from masticatory and other muscles in 19-year-old individuals.

Pain and tenderness of masticatory muscles are often related to muscle tenderness elsewhere in the body. It has been shown that women are more prone to musculoskeletal disorders than men. We sought to determine whether sex differences of muscular symptoms were established by the age of 19. The subjects comprised 51 boys and girls who received a questionnaire regarding the function of their masticatory system, frequency of headache, and neck, shoulder and low back pain. Their masticatory system was examined, and neck and shoulders were palpated. For all variables in the questionnaire girls reported symptoms more often than the boys. Of the subjects 50% had tender chewing muscles upon palpation. Again the girls had the most. There was good correlation between reports of pain in one area as compared to others. The number of clinically tender neck and shoulder muscles correlated with the number of tender masticatory muscles. It was concluded that girls presented more muscular symptoms than boys.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Assessment of adverse reactions to prosthodontic materials.

In 1978 five cases of so-called hypersensitivity reactions to Scutan and two to Impregum were reported (Dahl, 1978). The aim of the present study was to assess whether hypersensitivity or cell-mediated immune reactions were associated with the adverse clinical reactions in these patients or in others who had experienced the same reactions. Epicutaneous patch testing and lymphocyte transformation tests were carried out in a total of 13 individuals. The findings were difficult to interpret, because there was no consistent association between skin reactions and cell-mediated immune responses in subjects with suspected allergies. Other possible reasons for the reactions originally recorded were therefore discussed. It was concluded that adverse reactions associated with immune-mediated, delayed type hypersensitivity reactions may be elicited by prosthodontic materials, but other pathogenic mechanisms and aetiological factors responsible for the reactions observed should also be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Wear of teeth in a mentally retarded population.

The study includes an evaluation of dental wear in 69 individuals, 44 men and 25 women, of mean age 35 years and range 18-59 years, living in a home for mentally retarded persons. Wear was evaluated with a newly developed index based on Ryges' system, where the need for treatment is the key issue. The index consisted of three categories representing clinical situations from no wear to moderate, age dependent wear without problems for the patient, and two categories in which treatment was found to be necessary either to prevent future problems or to improve the present situation. A relatively large number of teeth showed considerable wear in the 20-29 year age group. Wear was observed predominantly in incisors and canines. Only 1% of cases were considered to require treatment. Wear increased with age, and more than 5% of teeth were diagnosed as needing treatment in the 30-39 year and 40-49 year age groups. Wear in the studied population was found to be more severe than that observed in an urban population from the same area in a parallel study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Differences in functional variables, fillings, and tooth wear in two groups of 19-year-old individuals.

Fifty-one individuals (28 girls and 23 boys) who had received orthodontic treatment were compared with 47 subjects (19 girls and 28 boys) without such treatment as to maximal mandibular mobility, chewing muscle tenderness, morphologic occlusion, occlusal/incisal state, and degree of tooth wear. All were 19 years old. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups except for the number of teeth present and maximal mouth opening, which were both smallest in those who had received treatment. The first finding is evident, extraction of premolars being an accepted mode of orthodontic treatment. The reduced mouth opening capacity was related to an increased number of individuals with four or more palpably tender muscle sites in that group of individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The suitability of a new index for the evaluation of dental wear.

The suitability of a new index for rating dental wear by different observers was tested. Four dentists, who were first calibrated using the scoring system and then subjected to an inter-examiner agreement test before and after a field study, rated 167 individuals in total in their private dental practices. The incisal/occlusal state of the teeth with regard to restorations and dental wear was recorded. The inter-examiner agreement test proved satisfactory when rating main groups of wear but not so good when rating subcategories. However, a marked improvement in agreement developed between the first and the second test. The individuals composing the field study group are probably not representative of Scandinavian populations in general. Relatively few teeth were missing, and the teeth were well restored. Only the highest age group (80-89 years) displayed the most severe degree of wear to any extent. However, wear into the dentin was observed in 20% of the teeth already in the youngest age group (20-29 years). These teeth were solely incisors and canines of both jaws. In conclusion, we found that the index should be well suited for the evaluation of dental wear in large groups of people by different investigators after adequate training in use of the system has been provided and that tooth wear may be a relatively small problem in urban Scandinavian populations with regular dental care.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Abrasives in snuff?

The purpose of this study was to determine and calculate the inorganic contents of four brands of snuff. Visual inspection of wet snuff showed fairly large, yellow crystal-like particles. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray dispersive (EDX) analyses were used to study both wet snuff and ashes of snuff, whereas light emission spectrography was used to determine elements in the ashes. The crystal-like particles did not dissolve in distilled water or in ethanol heated to 60 degrees C. EDX analyses showed that most elements remained in the particles after washing. The total weight percentage of inorganic material in snuff was calculated after burning dried snuff until constant weight was obtained. The ashes of snuff did not contain any crystal-like particles but consisted of a small-grained amorphous mass. The following elements were detected: Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Pb, Si, Sr, Ti, Va, and Zr. Other elements such as rare earths were not searched for. The weight percentage of inorganic elements ranged between 12.35 +/- 0.69 and 20.95 +/- 0.81. Provided snuff is used in the same manner as chewing tobacco, and some people admit to doing so, there is a risk that its relatively high contents of inorganic material and heavily soluble salts may be conducive to excessive abrasion of teeth and restorations.

Calcium↗
PubMed1988

Signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders in two groups of 19-year-old individuals, one treated orthodontically and the other not.

Fifty-one individuals (28 girls and 23 boys) who had received orthodontic treatment were compared as to signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders with 47 individuals (19 girls and 28 boys) without such treatment. All were 19 years old. An average of 5 years had elapsed since the termination of the treatment. The examinations enabled calculations of the anamnestic, the clinical dysfunction, and the occlusal indices of Helkimo. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups except with regard to the anamnestic index. Subjects who had not received orthodontic treatment reported most symptoms, but none were severe. In conclusion, there were no substantial differences as to signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders in these two groups of individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

An index for evaluating wear of teeth.

An index for evaluation of dental wear based on Ryge's system comprising three satisfactory and two not acceptable categories was tested in two different age groups of individuals with brain damage. Group 1 consisted of 12 individuals, 3 women and 9 men, with a mean age of 34.5 years. Group 2 consisted of 13 individuals, 4 women and 9 men, with a mean age of 45.1 years. The wear was evaluated by three examiners, two dentists and one dental hygienist. The examiners worked independently, having available at all times the written criteria and a photographic guide illustrating the lowest limit of each category. Each tooth was given a rating in accordance with the index, and the interexaminer agreement of 612 such evaluations was approximately 85%. Each person was given an individual wear rating corresponding to the most severe category comprising 90% of the tooth ratings. The difference in the distribution of individual ratings between the two groups was tested for significance by the ridit method. Significantly greater wear was observed in group 2 than in group 1, indicating a good sensitivity of the index.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Bruxism].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Bruxism↗
PubMed1985

Bonding properties and dimensional stability of hydrocolloid impression systems in fixed prosthodontics.

Four hydrocolloid impression systems for fixed prosthodontics and one conventional alginate were tested for bonding properties between the syringe and the tray materials of the systems. Their dimensional stability was tested also after the impressions were kept in a humidor for 1, 3, and 24 hours before casts were poured. Findings showed that there was a true bond between the syringe and the tray materials for all combinations. The precision tests gave a mean percent difference between the master model and the cast of less than 0.15 for all material combinations at both the 1- and 3-hours observations. The same was true at the 24-hours observation, except for one combination. From a clinical point of view, all the materials can be used for fixed prosthodontic impressions even if kept for 1 and 3 hours in 100% humidity before pouring the casts; however one material was unsuitable if kept for 24 hours before pouring.

Alginates↗
PubMed1985

Long-term observations of an increased occlusal face height obtained by a combined orthodontic/prosthetic approach.

Twenty individuals received an increased occlusal face height by orthodontic means (a partial bite-raising splint). After splint treatment some of the anterior teeth were capped at the new occlusal face height. The average increase from start of splint treatment till after crown cementation was 1.9 mm. The stability of the vertical relations of the face after this treatment was studied. The average observation time was 67 months, i.e. 5.5 years. The modes of reaction were highly individual. A certain average relapse of the occlusal face height did occur, mostly in the course of the first 6 months after crown cementation. However, in no case did the increased face height revert to basis. In the period from 6 to 67 months after crown cementation twelve out of nineteen patients showed practically completely stable vertical relations.

Adolescent↗