The role of oncogenes in carcinogenesis is intensively studied. Certain oncogenes are often found in some kinds of tumors. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), of all oncogenes presently known, only those belonging to the ras group are activated in a larger number of cases. In single cases myc, myb, sis, and ets oncogenes have been found. It is possible that a disorder in regulation of myc and myb protooncogenes exists in AML.

Humans↗

PubMed1989

[Changes in the skin in transplantation versus host reaction. 2. Our clinical findings from observations using light microscopy and electron microscopy].

A clinical, light microscope and electron microscope study of skin changes was undertaken in 19 patients after bone marrow transplantation. Thirteen of the total number of 19 patients were clinically suspect of the acute and 6 of the chronic form of GvHD. Skin biopsy between the seventh and thirtieth day following transplantation confirmed the diagnosis of the acute form of GvHD in 7 of the 19 patients. In 4 of the 6 patients in whom skin biopsy did not verify the diagnosis of the acute form of GvHD, completely atypical rash in addition to signs of GvHD of the liver and intestines developed between the 30th and 50th day following transplantation. In all 6 patients who were clinically suspect of the chronic form of GvHD, skin biopsy performed some 4-10 months after transplantation confirmed the diagnosis of chronic, sclerodermoid or lichenoid GvHD. Furthermore in 71% of the patients with histologically verified chronic form of skin GvHD, symptoms of liver and intestine GvHD were present too at the time of the skin biopsy. With regard to the fact that histologically the least reliable seems to be the diagnosis of Grade 1 cutaneous GvHD, the authors recommend that regular dermatological follow-up examinations be made in the period of 7 to 50 days following transplantation in addition to skin biopsy in the case of appearance of any rash. Electron microscopy revealed in both forms of GvHD, the acute and the chronic, the most significant epidermal changes, i.e. degeneration of the cellular organelles and the appearance of numerous intracytoplasmic vacuoles.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

Phenotyping of phosphoglucomutase (PGM1) isoenzymes--a new method for the follow-up of chimerism after bone marrow transplantation. Follow-up of chimerism after bone marrow transplantation by phenotyping of phosphoglucomutase (PGM1) isoenzymes.

In this study, phenotyping of phosphoglucomutase isoenzymes (PGM1, EC 2.7.5.1) in erythrocytes of bone marrow donors and hosts was shown to present a simple and exact method for the follow-up of chimerism after bone marrow transplantation, aimed at a better assessment of the transplant state and function.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗

PubMed1988

Subtyping of erythrocyte phosphoglucomutase-1 as a genetic marker for bone-marrow engraftment and hematopoietic chimerism after allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

We report an effective follow-up of the establishment of bone-marrow function after an allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, by means of a suitable genetic marker, phosphoglucomutase-1 (EC 5.4.2.2) isoenzyme. A patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia received allogeneic bone-marrow graft from a sibling who was of the same sex and blood group, HLA-identical, and mixed-lymphocyte-culture nonreactive. To monitor the bone-marrow engraftment and the type and degree of chimerism established, we used a genetic marker, the phosphoglucomutase-1 isoenzyme system, to reveal the difference between the bone-marrow host and donor. We did phosphoglucomutase-1 isoenzyme subtyping of the host's and donor's erythrocytes before transplantation, and isoenzyme phenotyping of the host's erythrocytes during a year after transplantation. Establishment of bone-marrow graft function, a period of temporary mixed chimerism with a population of both host's and donor's erythrocytes, a period of the exclusive presence of donor's erythrocytes, and the resumed appearance of host's erythrocytes after eight months, with no signs of relapse of leukemia, were all observed by analysis of phenotypes. These isoenzymes served as a significant and practical genetic marker, which could be successfully used in studies on bone-marrow transplantation.

Adult↗