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Biomedical subjects

B Layton

Publications and source records attributed to B Layton.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: mutations in Tlr4 gene.

Mutations of the gene Lps selectively impede lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signal transduction in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice, rendering them resistant to endotoxin yet highly susceptible to Gram-negative infection. The codominant Lpsd allele of C3H/HeJ mice was shown to correspond to a missense mutation in the third exon of the Toll-like receptor-4 gene (Tlr4), predicted to replace proline with histidine at position 712 of the polypeptide chain. C57BL/10ScCr mice are homozygous for a null mutation of Tlr4. Thus, the mammalian Tlr4 protein has been adapted primarily to subserve the recognition of LPS and presumably transduces the LPS signal across the plasma membrane. Destructive mutations of Tlr4 predispose to the development of Gram-negative sepsis, leaving most aspects of immune function intact.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

The librarian as a partner in nursing education.

Welch Medical Library has explored new roles for librarians in knowledge management instruction programs throughout the Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing curricula. These programs have created roles for library staff as both instructors and knowledge management experts. By fostering strong communication and attention to quality instruction, librarians achieved their vision of a program in knowledge management integrated into the curriculum, where they are partners working with nursing faculty to define the students' knowledge management needs and decide how these needs can be met.

Baltimore↗
PubMed1981

Influence of dorsal hippocampus stimulation on the excitability of medial hypothalamic neurons in the rat.

Extracellular recordings from medial hypothalamic neurons in pentobarbital-anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats were evaluated during electrical stimulation in the ipsilateral and contralateral dorsal hippocampus/fimbria region. Similar short latency orthodromic (excitatory or inhibitory) responses were noted from both ipsilateral and contralateral stimulation sites indicating a bilateral projection. 14.5% of neurons responded to both stimuli, usually with a similar pattern of response. When neurons were also tested with ipsilateral basal or corticomedial amygdala stimulation, 21.5-22.8% of cells displayed orthodromic responses to both the hippocampus and the amygdala stimulus. 12.5% of medial hypothalamic tuberoinfundibular neurons also responded orthodromically to the hippocampal stimulus; a preceding stimulus to the amygdala could block this response in two of three tuberoinfundibular cells. These observations provide preliminary electrophysiological analysis of the functional connectivity of hippocampal and amygdala afferents to medial hypothalamic neurons that may underlie the influence of these extrahypothalamic regions on adenohypophyseal secretions.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1981

Behavioral assessment technique as a clinical intervention.

Behavioral assessment procedures have been used to predict the onset of addictive behaviors. However, no controlled studies have been conducted to demonstrate the usefulness of such procedures in the treatment of drug abuse. A group using the Behavioral Assessment Technique (BAT) as an indicator for clinical intervention was compared to a group in which the BAT was not used clinically. The results indicated that the BAT was not particularly effective for clinical purposes. This failure was independent of the BAT's accuracy in predicting drug usage. Alternative hypotheses were discussed.

Behavior↗
PubMed1979

Two methods of predicting drug-taking.

A behavioral analysis technique was compared to detoxified heroin addicts in their ability to predict drug behavior. It was found that the behavioral analysis technique was more successful than the heroin addicts in predicting drug-taking. Moreover, this difference was more pronounced when only transition drug usage (a drug-use week preceded by one or more drug-free weeks) was considered. The use of the behavioral analysis technique, as part of an intervention system, was discussed.

Adult↗