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Biomedical subjects

B Lindström

Publications and source records attributed to B Lindström.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Patient controlled analgesic therapy in the early postoperative period.

Fourteen patients with postoperative pain were allowed to self-administer preset doses of pethidine intravenously via a logic-controlled motor syringe. Plasma samples were collected during anaesthesia and the postoperative self-administration period, and the concentrations of pethidine and nor-pethidine were determined. Separate single-dose studies in eight patients yielded pharmacokinetic parameters which made possible computer simulations of continuous plasma concentration curves for the anaesthesia and postoperative self-administration period. The consumption of pethidine showed great interindividual variations with a mean consumption for the entire group of 26 mg per hour. The patients established steady-state plasma concentrations with far less than the maximum amount of pethidine allowed. The mean measured plasma concentration of pethidine which provided adequate analgesia was 738 +/- 149 ng/ml. Simulated and measured plasma concentrations were in close agreement. The individual mean drug consumption per hour during self-administration correlated closely with the individual elimination rate of pethidine. No serious side effects were observed. Thus, patient-controlled analgesic therapy offers an individualized analgesic supply to meet an analgesic demand which is governed by each patient's appreciation of pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Efficacy of oral mexiletine in the prevention of exercise-induced ventricular ectopic activity.

The anti-arrhythmic effect of oral mexiletine on exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmia was studied in a double blind trial of 10 patients suffering from ventricular ectopic beats of different origins. There was a good reproducibility of the amount of ectopic ventricular activity between consecutive exercise tests when no active drug was given. Treatment for 1 week with mexiletine 600 mg daily resulted in a statistically significant reduction in ventricular ectopic beats, particularly during and after exercise; there were virtually no side-effects. The results suggest that mexiletine has considerable potential in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Pharmacokinetics of bendroflumenthiazide in hypertensive patients.

After four weeks on placebo treatment, 8 hypertensive patients (WHO stage I) were treated for 2 weeks with bendroflumethiazide (bft) 2.5 mg and KCl 1.5 g daily. Subsequently they received bft 5 mg and KCl 1.5 g daily for a further fortnight. At the end of each period of treatment blood pressure was recorded and blood samples and urine were collected for analysis of bft by GLC. Before taking the daily dose of bft, no trace of the drug was found in plasma. Peak levels of bft were seen after 2.3 h and averaged 23 and 50 ng . ml-1 after 2.5 and 5 mg, respectively. After bft 2.5 mg the plasma level was too low for kinetic analysis. The plasma half-life after 5 mg averaged 4.1 h. The mean apparent volume of distribution was 1.18 1 . kg-1. Non-renal clearance averaged 200 ml . min-1. The renal clearance of bft was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) after 5 mg (48 ml . min-1) than after 2.5 mg bft (93 ml . min-1), although the creatinine clearance remained unchanged. No correlation was found between the plasma level of bft and its effect on blood pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Placental transfer of furosemide.

After oral administration of furosemide to 18 pregnant women on the day of delivery, substantial concentrations of the drug were detected in umbilical cord vein plasma as well as in amniotic fluid. The ratio between the furosemide concentrations in maternal vein plasma and in umbilical cord plasma increased with time and approximated unity at 8 to 10 hr after administration of the drug. The plasma half-life of furosemide appeared to be longer in the mothers than in nonpregnant healthy volunteers. In one patient the plasma level of furosemide was constant during 5 hr of observation.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1978

Effect of food on the bioavailability of bendroflumethiazide.

Bendroflumethiazide (BFT), 10 mg, was given orally to eight subjects after fasting overnight and together with a meal. Concentrations of the diuretic in plasma and urine were determined by GLC. As judged by AUC and urinary recovery of BFT, the bioavailability of the diuretic was not influenced by concomitant intake of a meal.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

A longitudinal study of oral health in immigrant children in Sweden.

Children immigrating into Sweden from Finland and Southern Europe (Greece, Yugoslavia and Turkey) were subjected to a longitudinal study on caries activity and gingival condition. For each immigrant child a Swedish "twin" of the same sex and age was used as a control. Out of 124 pairs originally examined, 75 were reexamined after a 2 1/2-year stay in Sweden. The study showed that on arrival in Sweden the Finnish children had more caries and a higher Gingival Index (GI) than the controls and that they acquired more carious lesions during their stay in this country. Their GI, however, did not develop less favorably than that of the Swedish controls. The South-European children did not seem to have more carious lesions than the Swedish controls on arriving, nor did they seem to acquire more carious lesions during the period of observation. Their GI was higher at the first examination but the change in this index ran parallel with that of the controls. It was concluded that the children immigrating from Finland should be considered a risk group with regard to oral health.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

On the use of click-evoked electric brainstem responses in audiological diagnosis. I. The variability of the normal response.

The normal click-evoked BSER was studied in a total of 28 young (aged 12 to 40) normally hearing subjects in regard to wave latencies and amplitude ratios, considered to be (besides wave replicability) the characteristics of major interest from a clinical point of view. Latency means and standard deviations (S.D.), and peak-to-peak amplitude ratios between wave V on the one hand and wave I and III, respectively, on the other were determined in a sample of 20 subjects using unfiltered clicks at 20 to 90 dB SL. The latency averages were compared with those of other reports. Latency S.D.s were found to be generally less than 0.25 ms at levels above 50 dB SL. Medians of amplitude ratios (AV/AI and AV/AIII) were found to be significantly greater than unity. No significant latency differences concerning waves I, III, and V could be established on stimulation with condensation, rarefaction, and alternating clicks in 10 subjects at 80 and 60 dB SL, nor did the peak-to-peak amplitude predominance of wave V change with click polarity. With half-octave filtered clicks (2 and 4 kHz), latencies were found to increase significantly (and the responses to become less precise) at 80 and 60 dB SL in a sample of 12 subjects. Changing the interstimulus interval (ISI) from 80 to 60 to 40 ms (at 80 and 60 dB SL) hardly made any difference in regard to I, III, and V latencies, or wave V amplitude supremacy. Finally, a satisfactory test-retest reliability was established in a sample of 6 subjects, the intersession interval being 6 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Elimination of furosemide in healthy subjects and in those with renal failure.

Furosemide was administered intravenously to 5 healthy volunteers and 15 patients with various degrees of renal failure. Two patients were given the drug orally. The plasma half-life of furosemide averaged 0.79 hr in the healthy subjects. Although most patients with kidney disease had a prolonged half-life (t1/2), up to 24.58 hr, some with advanced renal failure had an almost normal t1/2. The plasma clearance of furosemide, which in the normal subjects averaged 194 ml/min, decreased proportionally with decreasing creatinine clearance, as did the renal clearance, which in the healthy subjects averaged 95 ml/min. There was no correlation between kidney function and the apparent volume of distribution or of nonrenal clearance. One patient was given 35S-labeled furosemide intravenously. Although the furosemide plasma t1/2 was essentially normal, the elimination rate of metabolites was decreased. Unlike that of healthy subjects, the main route of excretion of label was in the feces.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Pharmacokinetics of bendroflumethiazide.

Bendroflumethiazide (bft), 10 mg, was administered orally to 9 healthy volunteers. The concentrations of the diuretic in plasma and urine were determined by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). Peak plasma levels (86 +/- 18 ng/ml) of bft were reached at 2 +/- 0.4 hr. The concentration declined with a mean t1/2 of 3.0 hr. The apparent volume of distribution averaged 1.48 L/kg. The major part of the drug was eliminated via nonrenal mechanisms, the nonrenal clearance being estimated to 269 +/- 77 ml/min and renal clearance to 105 +/- 24 ml/min. Urinary recovery of the thiazide averaged 30%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Renal artery stenosis in hypertensive renal transplant recipients.

Reconstruction of a stenotic renal artery was done on 5 hypertensive renal transplant recipients, all of whom had deterioration of renal function when the stenosis was detected. After reconstruction renal function improved in 4 of the patients. The blood pressure was easier to control in all 5 patients, with 3 becoming normotensive. A high preoperative plasma renin activity returned to normal postoperatively in 4 patients. No recurrences were observed after a followup of more than a year.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Renal transplantation in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Renal transplantations were performed over a period of three years to twenty patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy. Two of the patients were transplanted with kidneys from living donors, others with cadaver kidneys. One year after the transplantation 6 patients out of 12 were alive, after two years one out of four. Graft survival after one year was 4 out of 12, and after two years one out of four patients. Eight patients had died, the primary causes of death having been infection or infarction. Late complications in the form of gangrene occurred in four patients with a functioning transplant. The issue of priority, criteria for selection, and the use of living donors are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Arterial stenosis in renal transplantation.

Stenosis of the renal artery of the transplant (RAT), is reported with a frequency of 5-10% (Nerstrøm, Ladefoged & Lund 1972, Nilsson, Henriksson & Thoren 1976, Beachley, Pierce, Boykin & Lee 1976). The stenosis is significant if it deteriorates the renal function or elevates the arterial blood pressure. The angiographic impression of a stenosis depends on the projection and it is difficult to correlate the radiological findings with the blood flow. Moreover both renal failure and hypertension might depend on other factors than stenosis of the RAT. The aim of this study was to establish how often a reconstruction of a RAT suspected of being stenotic would benefit the patient.

Graft Rejection↗
PubMed1977

HLA determination in renal transplantation with living donor.

During the period Feb. 1967--Aug. 1976 94 first renal transplantations were performed using living related donors and histocompatibility tests. Eight transplantations were performed on children under 15 years old and four on patients over 50 years old. The rest of the patients were between 15 and 50 years old. No exclusions were performed. 22 patients expired, seven of these with a well functioning graft. The patient survival (P.S.) was 90% at 1 year, 87% at 2 years and 77% at 5 years, the graft survival (G.S.) was 81% at 1 year, 80% at 2 years and 68% at 5 years. The clinical results showed a fairly good correlation with the histocompatibility degree. In the A-B-match groups the 1, 2 resp. 5 years P.S. was 95, 96 resp. 89% and G.S. 90, 90 resp. 89%. In 43% of the patients rejection of variable degree developed. The rejection led to graft loss in 12%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Blood flow in the calves during surgery.

The volume flow in the calves was measured by means of plethysmography in 14 patients who had a cholecystectomy and in 3 patients who had a wedge biopsy of the breast. The blood flow increased 100% during abdominal surgery, while no change was observed during the extraabdominal operation. When the legs were placed horizontally during cholecystectomy clear signs of venous pooling were observed. Venous pooling in the calves increased when pillows were placed in the popliteal fossae to prevent over-stretching of the knees. Elevation of the legs 20 degrees in the hip joints decreased the venous stasis considerably. Except for intermittent effects on the circulation caused by strong retraction of the intestines, no clear-cut change in the degree of venous stasis was observed during the course of a cholecystectomy.

Adult↗